Créer un FEM Mesh
Il y a différentes manières pour créer un FEM Mesh dans FreeCAD:
- L'outil graphique Fem MeshFromShape
- L'outil graphique avec Python
- Directement en Python pour faire FEM Mesh manuellement
- Importer un FEM Mesh
Les objets créés avec PartDesign et Part sont supportés, ainsi que des copies simples de ces objets. Il y a deux possibilités pour l'utilisateur: Netgen et GMSH. Netgen est inclus dans FreeCAD. Faire référence à FEM Install pour la génération de FEM Mesh avec GMSH de psicofil et téléchargeable GMSHMesh Macro.
Éléments FEM Mesh dans FreeCAD
FreeCAD supporte différents types d'éléments. Il existe un blog externe qui en explique les différences et comment les utiliser: https://www.comsol.com/blogs/meshing-your-geometry-various-element-types/
| Element | Element | FreeCAD API | FreeCAD GUI | med | unv | inp | frd | txt | xml |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Med | CalculiX | Python | FEM Mesh | SMESH | IDEAS/FreeCAD | Abaqus/CalculiX | Result Mesh | Z88 | Fenics |
| Name | Name | create elements | view elements | import/export | import/export | import/export | import | import/export | import/export |
| seg 2 | B31 |  |
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| seg 3 | B32 | |
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ni | - |
| tria 3 | S3 | |
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- |
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| tria 6 | S6 | |
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- |
| quad 4 | S4 | |
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- |
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| quad 8 | S8 | |
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- |
| tetra 4 | C3D4 | |
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| tetra 10 | C3D10 | |
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- |
| pyra 5 | - | |
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- | - | - | - | - |
| pyra 13 | - | |
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- | - | - | - | - |
| hexa 8 | C3D8 | |
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(-) [format allows it, but not readable/writable by fenics] |
| hexa 20 | C3D20 | |
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- |
| penta 6 | C3D6 | |
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? | - |
| penta 15 | C3D15 | |
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? | - |
- "ni" signifie que le type d'élément n'est pas implémenté dans FreeCAD, mais le format est supporté.
- "-" signifie que la spécification de format n'est pas supporté, donc ne sera pas accepté par FreeCAD.
- "?" on ne sait pas si ce type d'élément est supporté.
FEM types d'éléments
Généralités
Plus d'informations sur les types d'éléments FEM et la structure des données incluses dans FreeCAD peuvent être trouvées dans FEM Types d'éléments.
Segment element
Triangle element
Quadratic element
Tetrahedron element
Pyramid element
Hexahedron element
Pentahedron element
Script
Créez un objet FEM Mesh totalement en python
Création d'un objet mesh avec 10 Éléments
import FreeCAD, Fem # create a empty mesh m = Fem.FemMesh() #create the nodes m.addNode(0,1,0) m.addNode(0,0,1) m.addNode(1,0,0) m.addNode(0,0,0) m.addNode(0,0.5,0.5) m.addNode(0.5,0.03,.5) m.addNode(0.5,0.5,0.03) m.addNode(0,0.5,0) m.addNode(0.03,0,0.5) m.addNode(0.5,0,0) # add the volume with the created nodes m.addVolume([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]) Fem.show(m)
Vous pouvez utiliser les éléments prédéfini et nombre de noeuds:
m.addNode(0.0,1.0,0.0,1) m.addVolume([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10],1)
Manipulations visuelles
sélectionnez des noeuds dans la vue 3D:
import FreeCAD, Fem m = Fem.FemMesh() m.addNode(0,1,0) m.addNode(0,0,1) m.addNode(1,0,0) m.addNode(0,0,0) m.addNode(0,0.5,0.5) m.addNode(0.5,0.03,.5) m.addNode(0.5,0.5,0.03) m.addNode(0,0.5,0) m.addNode(0.03,0,0.5) m.addNode(0.5,0,0) m.addVolume([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]) Fem.show(m) Gui.ActiveDocument.ActiveObject.HighlightedNodes = [1,2,3]
Post-traitement des Couleurs et déplacement: Sélectionnez des noeuds dans la vue 3D:
# set the volume 1 to red
Gui.ActiveDocument.ActiveObject.ElementColor= {1:(1,0,0)}
# set the node 1 and 2 to a certain Color and interpolate the survace
Gui.ActiveDocument.ActiveObject.NodeColor= {1:(1,0,0),2:(1,0,0)}
# set the node 1 and 2 to a certain displacement
Gui.ActiveDocument.ActiveObject.NodeDisplacement= {1:FreeCAD.Vector(1,0,0),2:FreeCAD.Vector(1,0,0)}
# double the factor of the displacement shown
Gui.ActiveDocument.ActiveObject.animate(2.0)
Script d'un élément pour chaque type d'élément supporté
import Fem
#################################################
# Beams
# 2 node line --> seg2 ##########################
seg2 = Fem.FemMesh()
seg2.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 1)
seg2.addNode(10, 0, 0, 2)
seg2.addEdge(1, 2)
seg2
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","seg2")
obj.FemMesh = seg2
obj.Placement.Base = (0,110,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# 3 node line --> seg3 ##########################
seg3 = Fem.FemMesh()
seg3.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 1)
seg3.addNode(10, 0, 0, 2)
seg3.addNode( 5, 0, 0, 3)
seg3.addEdge([1, 2, 3])
seg3
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","seg3")
obj.FemMesh = seg3
obj.Placement.Base = (30,110,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
#################################################
# Shells
# 3 node triangle --> tria3 #####################
tria3 = Fem.FemMesh()
tria3.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 1)
tria3.addNode( 6, 12, 0, 2)
tria3.addNode(12, 0, 0, 3)
tria3.addFace([1, 2, 3])
tria3
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","tria3")
obj.FemMesh = tria3
obj.Placement.Base = (0,80,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
obj.ViewObject.BackfaceCulling = False
# add Face with element number
elemtria3 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = tria3.Nodes
for n in nds:
elemtria3.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elemtria3.addFace([1, 2, 3], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elemtria3")
obj.FemMesh = elemtria3
obj.Placement.Base = (200,80,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
obj.ViewObject.BackfaceCulling = False
elemtria3.Faces
# 6 node triangle --> tria 6 ####################
tria6 = Fem.FemMesh()
tria6.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 1)
tria6.addNode( 6, 12, 0, 2)
tria6.addNode(12, 0, 0, 3)
tria6.addNode( 3, 6, 0, 4)
tria6.addNode( 9, 6, 0, 5)
tria6.addNode( 6, 0, 0, 6)
tria6.addFace([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
tria6
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","tria6")
obj.FemMesh = tria6
obj.Placement.Base = (30,80,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
obj.ViewObject.BackfaceCulling = False
# add Face with element number
elemtria6 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = tria6.Nodes
for n in nds:
elemtria6.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elemtria6.addFace([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elemtria6")
obj.FemMesh = elemtria6
obj.Placement.Base = (230,80,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
obj.ViewObject.BackfaceCulling = False
elemtria6.Faces
# 4 node quad --> quad4 #########################
quad4 = Fem.FemMesh()
quad4.addNode( 0, 10, 0, 1)
quad4.addNode(10, 10, 0, 2)
quad4.addNode(10, 0, 0, 3)
quad4.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 4)
quad4.addFace([1, 2, 3, 4])
quad4
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","quad4")
obj.FemMesh = quad4
obj.Placement.Base = (60,80,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
obj.ViewObject.BackfaceCulling = False
# add Face with element number
elemquad4 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = quad4.Nodes
for n in nds:
elemquad4.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elemquad4.addFace([1, 2, 3, 4], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elemquad4")
obj.FemMesh = elemquad4
obj.Placement.Base = (260,80,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
obj.ViewObject.BackfaceCulling = False
elemquad4.Faces
# 8 node quad --> quad8 #########################
quad8 = Fem.FemMesh()
quad8.addNode( 0, 10, 0, 1)
quad8.addNode(10, 10, 0, 2)
quad8.addNode(10, 0, 0, 3)
quad8.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 4)
quad8.addNode( 5, 10, 0, 5)
quad8.addNode(10, 5, 0, 6)
quad8.addNode( 5, 0, 0, 7)
quad8.addNode( 0, 5, 0, 8)
quad8.addFace([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
quad8
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","quad8")
obj.FemMesh = quad8
obj.ViewObject.BackfaceCulling = False
obj.Placement.Base = (90,80,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Face with element number
elemquad8 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = quad8.Nodes
for n in nds:
elemquad8.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elemquad8.addFace([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elemquad8")
obj.FemMesh = elemquad8
obj.Placement.Base = (290,80,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
obj.ViewObject.BackfaceCulling = False
elemquad8.Faces
#################################################
# Volumes
# 4 node tetrahedron --> tetra4 #################
tetra4 = Fem.FemMesh()
tetra4.addNode( 6, 12, 18, 1)
tetra4.addNode( 0, 0, 18, 2)
tetra4.addNode(12, 0, 18, 3)
tetra4.addNode( 6, 6, 0, 4)
tetra4.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4])
tetra4
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","tetra4")
obj.FemMesh = tetra4
obj.Placement.Base = (0,50,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Volume with element number
elemtetra4 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = tetra4.Nodes
for n in nds:
elemtetra4.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elemtetra4.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elemtetra4")
obj.FemMesh = elemtetra4
obj.Placement.Base = (200,50,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
elemtetra4.Volumes
# 10 node tetrahedron --> tetra10 ###############
tetra10 = Fem.FemMesh()
tetra10.addNode( 6, 12, 18, 1)
tetra10.addNode( 0, 0, 18, 2)
tetra10.addNode(12, 0, 18, 3)
tetra10.addNode( 6, 6, 0, 4)
tetra10.addNode( 3, 6, 18, 5)
tetra10.addNode( 6, 0, 18, 6)
tetra10.addNode( 9, 6, 18, 7)
tetra10.addNode( 6, 9, 9, 8)
tetra10.addNode( 3, 3, 9, 9)
tetra10.addNode( 9, 3, 9,10)
tetra10.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10])
tetra10
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","tetra10")
obj.FemMesh = tetra10
obj.Placement.Base = (30,50,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Volume with element number
elemtetra10 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = tetra10.Nodes
for n in nds:
elemtetra10.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elemtetra10.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elemtetra10")
obj.FemMesh = elemtetra10
obj.Placement.Base = (230,50,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
elemtetra10.Volumes
# 8 node Hexahedron --> hexa8 ###################
hexa8 = Fem.FemMesh()
hexa8.addNode( 0, 10, 10, 1)
hexa8.addNode( 0, 0, 10, 2)
hexa8.addNode(10, 0, 10, 3)
hexa8.addNode(10, 10, 10, 4)
hexa8.addNode( 0, 10, 0, 5)
hexa8.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 6)
hexa8.addNode(10, 0, 0, 7)
hexa8.addNode(10, 10, 0, 8)
hexa8.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
hexa8
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","hexa8")
obj.FemMesh = hexa8
obj.Placement.Base = (60,50,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Volume with element number
elemhexa8 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = hexa8.Nodes
for n in nds:
elemhexa8.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elemhexa8.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elemhexa8")
obj.FemMesh = elemhexa8
obj.Placement.Base = (260,50,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
elemhexa8.Volumes
# 20 node Hexahedron --> hexa20 #################
hexa20 = Fem.FemMesh()
hexa20.addNode( 0, 10, 10, 1)
hexa20.addNode( 0, 0, 10, 2)
hexa20.addNode(10, 0, 10, 3)
hexa20.addNode(10, 10, 10, 4)
hexa20.addNode( 0, 10, 0, 5)
hexa20.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 6)
hexa20.addNode(10, 0, 0, 7)
hexa20.addNode(10, 10, 0, 8)
hexa20.addNode( 0, 5, 10, 9)
hexa20.addNode( 5, 0, 10, 10)
hexa20.addNode(10, 5, 10, 11)
hexa20.addNode( 5, 10, 10, 12)
hexa20.addNode( 0, 5, 0, 13)
hexa20.addNode( 5, 0, 0, 14)
hexa20.addNode(10, 5, 0, 15)
hexa20.addNode( 5, 10, 0, 16)
hexa20.addNode( 0, 10, 5, 17)
hexa20.addNode( 0, 0, 5, 18)
hexa20.addNode(10, 0, 5, 19)
hexa20.addNode(10, 10, 5, 20)
hexa20.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20])
hexa20
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","hexa20")
obj.FemMesh = hexa20
obj.Placement.Base = (90,50,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Volume with element number
elemhexa20 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = hexa20.Nodes
for n in nds:
elemhexa20.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elemhexa20.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elemhexa20")
obj.FemMesh = elemhexa20
obj.Placement.Base = (290,50,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
elemhexa20.Volumes
# 6 node pentahedron --> penta6 #################
penta6 = Fem.FemMesh()
penta6.addNode(10,10,10, 1)
penta6.addNode( 0, 0,10, 2)
penta6.addNode(20, 0,10, 3)
penta6.addNode(10,10, 0, 4)
penta6.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 5)
penta6.addNode(20, 0, 0, 6)
penta6.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
penta6
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","penta6")
obj.FemMesh = penta6
obj.Placement.Base = (0,0,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Volume with element number
elempenta6 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = penta6.Nodes
for n in nds:
elempenta6.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elempenta6.addVolume([ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elempenta6")
obj.FemMesh = elempenta6
obj.Placement.Base = (200,0,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
elempenta6.Volumes
# 15 node pentahedron --> penta15 ###############
penta15 = Fem.FemMesh()
penta15.addNode(10,10,10, 1)
penta15.addNode( 0, 0,10, 2)
penta15.addNode(20, 0,10, 3)
penta15.addNode(10,10, 0, 4)
penta15.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 5)
penta15.addNode(20, 0, 0, 6)
penta15.addNode( 5, 5,10, 7)
penta15.addNode(10, 0,10, 8)
penta15.addNode(15, 5,10, 9)
penta15.addNode( 5, 5, 0,10)
penta15.addNode(10, 0, 0,11)
penta15.addNode(15, 5, 0,12)
penta15.addNode(10,10, 5,13)
penta15.addNode( 0, 0, 5,14)
penta15.addNode(20, 0, 5,15)
penta15.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15])
penta15
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","penta15")
obj.FemMesh = penta15
obj.Placement.Base = (40,0,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Volume with element number
elempenta15 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = penta15.Nodes
for n in nds:
elempenta15.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elempenta15.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elempenta15")
obj.FemMesh = elempenta15
obj.Placement.Base = (240,0,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
elempenta15.Volumes
# 5 node pyramid --> pyra5 ######################
pyra5 = Fem.FemMesh()
pyra5.addNode( 0,20, 0, 1)
pyra5.addNode(20,20, 0, 2)
pyra5.addNode(20, 0, 0, 3)
pyra5.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 4)
pyra5.addNode(10,10,10, 5)
pyra5.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
pyra5
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","pyra5")
obj.FemMesh = pyra5
obj.Placement.Base = (80,0,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Volume with element number
elempyra5 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = pyra5.Nodes
for n in nds:
elempyra5.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elempyra5.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elempyra5")
obj.FemMesh = elempyra5
obj.Placement.Base = (280,0,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
elempyra5.Volumes
# 13 node pyramid --> pyra13 ####################
pyra13 = Fem.FemMesh()
pyra13.addNode( 0,20, 0, 1)
pyra13.addNode(20,20, 0, 2)
pyra13.addNode(20, 0, 0, 3)
pyra13.addNode( 0, 0, 0, 4)
pyra13.addNode(10,10,10, 5)
pyra13.addNode(10,20, 0, 6)
pyra13.addNode(20,10, 0, 7)
pyra13.addNode(10, 0, 0, 8)
pyra13.addNode( 0,10, 0, 9)
pyra13.addNode( 5,15, 5,10)
pyra13.addNode(15,15, 5,11)
pyra13.addNode(15, 5, 5,12)
pyra5 = Fem.FemMesh()
pyra13.addNode( 5, 5, 5,13)
pyra13.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13])
pyra13
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","pyra13")
obj.FemMesh = pyra13
obj.Placement.Base = (120,0,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
# add Volume with element number
elempyra13 = Fem.FemMesh()
nds = pyra13.Nodes
for n in nds:
elempyra13.addNode(nds[n].x, nds[n].y, nds[n].z, n)
elempyra13.addVolume([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13], 88)
obj = App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Fem::FemMeshObject","elempyra13")
obj.FemMesh = elempyra13
obj.Placement.Base = (320,0,0)
obj.ViewObject.DisplayMode = "Faces, Wireframe & Nodes"
elempyra13.Volumes