绘图模块允许将你的 3D 工作放到图纸上。也就是,将你的模型视图放入一个 2D 窗口,并将绘图嵌入窗口中。比如,一张有边界、标题和图标的图纸,最终可将图纸打印出来。绘图模块目前正在设计当中,现在或多或少只是个技术概览。
下面是一组用于创建、配置与工程图纸导出的工具。
图片中呈现出了绘图模块的主要概念。该文档中包含了一个形状对象(Schenkel),将其解压可以得到一幅制图。因此,我们创建了一个“页面”。通过模板来示例这个页面,在这个例子中,模板为“横版A3”版面。这个模板是一个包含了一般页面框架、图标或者遵循了显示标准的 SVG(可伸缩向量图形)文件。
在这个页面中我们可以插入一个或多个视图。每个视图在页面中都具有一个位置(X、Y 属性)、一个比例因素(比例属性)和其他的属性。每次页面、视图、或者引用的对象发生改变,页面将会重新生成,其显示将会更新。
由于终端用户(GUI)可实现的操作有限,所以脚本 API 将更加有趣。下面我们将通过例子来了解如何使用绘图模块的脚本 API 功能。
首先,你需要零件和绘图模块:
import FreeCAD, Part, Drawing
创建一个小的样本零件
Part.show(Part.makeBox(100,100,100).cut(Part.makeCylinder(80,100)).cut(Part.makeBox(90,40,100)).cut(Part.makeBox(20,85,100)))
方向投影。G0 表示轮廓鲜明的边,G1 表示切线连续。
Shape = App.ActiveDocument.Shape.Shape [visibleG0,visibleG1,hiddenG0,hiddenG1] = Drawing.project(Shape) print "visible edges:", len(visibleG0.Edges) print "hidden edges:", len(hiddenG0.Edges)
所有的都被投影到 Z 平面上:
print "Bnd Box shape: X=",Shape.BoundBox.XLength," Y=",Shape.BoundBox.YLength," Z=",Shape.BoundBox.ZLength print "Bnd Box project: X=",visibleG0.BoundBox.XLength," Y=",visibleG0.BoundBox.YLength," Z=",visibleG0.BoundBox.ZLength
不同的投影向量
[visibleG0,visibleG1,hiddenG0,hiddenG1] = Drawing.project(Shape,App.Vector(1,1,1))
投影成可伸缩向量的图形
resultSVG = Drawing.projectToSVG(Shape,App.Vector(1,1,1)) print resultSVG
创建主体
# Create three boxes and a cylinder App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Box","Box") App.ActiveDocument.Box.Length=100.00 App.ActiveDocument.Box.Width=100.00 App.ActiveDocument.Box.Height=100.00 App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Box","Box1") App.ActiveDocument.Box1.Length=90.00 App.ActiveDocument.Box1.Width=40.00 App.ActiveDocument.Box1.Height=100.00 App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Box","Box2") App.ActiveDocument.Box2.Length=20.00 App.ActiveDocument.Box2.Width=85.00 App.ActiveDocument.Box2.Height=100.00 App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Cylinder","Cylinder") App.ActiveDocument.Cylinder.Radius=80.00 App.ActiveDocument.Cylinder.Height=100.00 App.ActiveDocument.Cylinder.Angle=360.00 # Fuse two boxes and the cylinder App.activeDocument().addObject("Part::Fuse","Fusion") App.activeDocument().Fusion.Base = App.activeDocument().Cylinder App.activeDocument().Fusion.Tool = App.activeDocument().Box1 App.activeDocument().addObject("Part::Fuse","Fusion1") App.activeDocument().Fusion1.Base = App.activeDocument().Box2 App.activeDocument().Fusion1.Tool = App.activeDocument().Fusion # Cut the fused shapes from the first box App.activeDocument().addObject("Part::Cut","Shape") App.activeDocument().Shape.Base = App.activeDocument().Box App.activeDocument().Shape.Tool = App.activeDocument().Fusion1 # Hide all the intermediate shapes Gui.activeDocument().Box.Visibility=False Gui.activeDocument().Box1.Visibility=False Gui.activeDocument().Box2.Visibility=False Gui.activeDocument().Cylinder.Visibility=False Gui.activeDocument().Fusion.Visibility=False Gui.activeDocument().Fusion1.Visibility=False
插入一个页面对象并指定一个模板
App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeaturePage','Page') App.activeDocument().Page.Template = App.getResourceDir()+'Mod/Drawing/Templates/A3_Landscape.svg'
创建“Shape”对象的一个视图,定义其位置、比例并将其指定到一个页面
App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeatureViewPart','View') App.activeDocument().View.Source = App.activeDocument().Shape App.activeDocument().View.Direction = (0.0,0.0,1.0) App.activeDocument().View.X = 10.0 App.activeDocument().View.Y = 10.0 App.activeDocument().Page.addObject(App.activeDocument().View)
创建同一对象的第二个视图,但是要将该视图旋转90度。
App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeatureViewPart','ViewRot') App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Source = App.activeDocument().Shape App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Direction = (0.0,0.0,1.0) App.activeDocument().ViewRot.X = 290.0 App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Y = 30.0 App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Scale = 1.0 App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Rotation = 90.0 App.activeDocument().Page.addObject(App.activeDocument().ViewRot)
创建同一对象的第三个视图,但是要在等距方向创建。并将隐藏线激活显示。
App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeatureViewPart','ViewIso') App.activeDocument().ViewIso.Source = App.activeDocument().Shape App.activeDocument().ViewIso.Direction = (1.0,1.0,1.0) App.activeDocument().ViewIso.X = 335.0 App.activeDocument().ViewIso.Y = 140.0 App.activeDocument().ViewIso.ShowHiddenLines = True App.activeDocument().Page.addObject(App.activeDocument().ViewIso)
改动一些地方并更新。更新过程改变了视图和页面。
App.activeDocument().View.X = 30.0 App.activeDocument().View.Y = 30.0 App.activeDocument().View.Scale = 1.5 App.activeDocument().recompute()
得到单个视图的 SVG 部分
ViewSVG = App.activeDocument().View.ViewResult print ViewSVG
得到整个最终页面(这是文档中临时文件夹中的一个只读文件)
print "Resulting SVG document: ",App.activeDocument().Page.PageResult file = open(App.activeDocument().Page.PageResult,"r") print "Result page is ",len(file.readlines())," lines long"
注意:释放文件!
del file
向视图中插入你自己的内容:
App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeatureView','ViewSelf') App.activeDocument().ViewSelf.ViewResult = """<g id="ViewSelf" stroke="rgb(0, 0, 0)" stroke-width="0.35" stroke-linecap="butt" stroke-linejoin="miter" transform="translate(30,30)" fill="#00cc00" > <ellipse cx="40" cy="40" rx="30" ry="15"/> </g> """ App.activeDocument().Page.addObject(App.activeDocument().ViewSelf) App.activeDocument().recompute() del Shape,ViewSVG, resultSVG
会出现以下结果:
FreeCAD自带一些预设的模板,想得到更多模板可以前往 Drawing templates 页面。