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FreeCAD-Doc/localwiki/Drawing_Module-cn.html
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<html><head><title>Drawing Module/cn</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><link type='text/css' href='wiki.css' rel='stylesheet'></head><body><h1>Drawing Module/cn</h1></div>
<div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><p>绘图模块允许将你的 3D 工作放到图纸上。也就是，将你的模型视图放入一个 2D 窗口，并将绘图嵌入窗口中。比如，一张有边界、标题和图标的图纸，最终可将图纸打印出来。绘图模块目前正在设计当中，现在或多或少只是个技术概览。
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc"><div class="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#GUI_.E5.B7.A5.E5.85.B7"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">GUI 工具</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#.E8.84.9A.E6.9C.AC.E7.BC.96.E7.A8.8B"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">脚本编程</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#.E7.AE.80.E5.8D.95.E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">简单示例</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#.E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0.E5.8C.96.E6.96.B9.E6.B3.95"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">参数化方法</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#.E8.AE.BF.E9.97.AE.E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E7.BB.86.E8.8A.82"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">访问其他细节</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#.E6.A8.A1.E6.9D.BF"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">模板</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="GUI_.E5.B7.A5.E5.85.B7">GUI 工具</span></h3>
<p>下面是一组用于创建、配置与工程图纸导出的工具。
</p>
<ul><li> <a href="https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Drawing_New.png" class="image"><img alt="Drawing New.png" src="32px-Drawing_New.png" width="32" height="32" srcset="/wiki/images/thumb/d/dc/Drawing_New.png/48px-Drawing_New.png 1.5x, /wiki/images/d/dc/Drawing_New.png 2x" /></a> <a href="Drawing_Open_SVG.html" title="Drawing Open SVG">Open scalable vector graphic</a>: Opens a drawing sheet previously saved as an SVG file</li>
<li> <a href="https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Drawing_Landscape_A3.png" class="image"><img alt="Drawing Landscape A3.png" src="32px-Drawing_Landscape_A3.png" width="32" height="32" srcset="/wiki/images/thumb/2/27/Drawing_Landscape_A3.png/48px-Drawing_Landscape_A3.png 1.5x, /wiki/images/2/27/Drawing_Landscape_A3.png 2x" /></a> <a href="Drawing_Landscape_A3.html" title="Drawing Landscape A3">新建 A3 横向图纸</a>：从 FreeCAD 默认的 A3 模板创建一份新的工程图纸</li>
<li> <a href="https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Drawing_View.png" class="image"><img alt="Drawing View.png" src="32px-Drawing_View.png" width="32" height="32" srcset="/wiki/images/thumb/0/03/Drawing_View.png/48px-Drawing_View.png 1.5x, /wiki/images/0/03/Drawing_View.png 2x" /></a> <a href="Drawing_View.html" title="Drawing View">插入视图</a>：在工作图纸中插入所选对象的一个视图</li>
<li> <a href="https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Drawing_Save.png" class="image"><img alt="Drawing Save.png" src="32px-Drawing_Save.png" width="32" height="32" srcset="/wiki/images/4/43/Drawing_Save.png 1.5x" /></a> <a href="Drawing_Save.html" title="Drawing Save">保存图纸</a>：将当前图纸保存为 SVG 文件</li></ul>
<p><br />
</p><p><a href="https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:Drawing_extraction.png" class="image"><img alt="Drawing extraction.png" src="800px-Drawing_extraction.png" width="800" height="428" srcset="/wiki/images/thumb/f/f4/Drawing_extraction.png/1200px-Drawing_extraction.png 1.5x, /wiki/images/f/f4/Drawing_extraction.png 2x" /></a>
</p><p>图片中呈现出了绘图模块的主要概念。该文档中包含了一个形状对象（Schenkel），将其解压可以得到一幅制图。因此，我们创建了一个“页面”。通过模板来示例这个页面，在这个例子中，模板为“横版A3”版面。这个模板是一个包含了一般页面框架、图标或者遵循了显示标准的 SVG（可伸缩向量图形）文件。
</p><p>在这个页面中我们可以插入一个或多个视图。每个视图在页面中都具有一个位置（X、Y 属性）、一个比例因素（比例属性）和其他的属性。每次页面、视图、或者引用的对象发生改变，页面将会重新生成，其显示将会更新。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.84.9A.E6.9C.AC.E7.BC.96.E7.A8.8B">脚本编程</span></h3>
<p>由于终端用户（GUI）可实现的操作有限，所以脚本 API 将更加有趣。下面我们将通过例子来了解如何使用绘图模块的脚本 API 功能。
</p>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.AE.80.E5.8D.95.E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">简单示例</span></h4>
<p>首先，你需要零件和绘图模块：
</p>
<pre>import FreeCAD, Part, Drawing
</pre>
<p>创建一个小的样本零件
</p>
<pre>Part.show(Part.makeBox(100,100,100).cut(Part.makeCylinder(80,100)).cut(Part.makeBox(90,40,100)).cut(Part.makeBox(20,85,100)))
</pre>
<p>方向投影。G0 表示轮廓鲜明的边，G1 表示切线连续。
</p>
<pre>Shape = App.ActiveDocument.Shape.Shape
[visibleG0,visibleG1,hiddenG0,hiddenG1] = Drawing.project(Shape)
print "visible edges:", len(visibleG0.Edges)
print "hidden edges:", len(hiddenG0.Edges)
</pre>
<p>所有的都被投影到 Z 平面上：
</p>
<pre>print "Bnd Box shape: X=",Shape.BoundBox.XLength," Y=",Shape.BoundBox.YLength," Z=",Shape.BoundBox.ZLength
print "Bnd Box project: X=",visibleG0.BoundBox.XLength," Y=",visibleG0.BoundBox.YLength," Z=",visibleG0.BoundBox.ZLength
</pre>
<p>不同的投影向量
</p>
<pre>[visibleG0,visibleG1,hiddenG0,hiddenG1] = Drawing.project(Shape,App.Vector(1,1,1))
</pre>
<p>投影成可伸缩向量的图形
</p>
<pre>resultSVG = Drawing.projectToSVG(Shape,App.Vector(1,1,1))
print resultSVG
</pre>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0.E5.8C.96.E6.96.B9.E6.B3.95">参数化方法</span></h4>
<p>创建主体
</p>
<pre># Create three boxes and a cylinder
App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Box","Box")
App.ActiveDocument.Box.Length=100.00
App.ActiveDocument.Box.Width=100.00
App.ActiveDocument.Box.Height=100.00
App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Box","Box1")
App.ActiveDocument.Box1.Length=90.00
App.ActiveDocument.Box1.Width=40.00
App.ActiveDocument.Box1.Height=100.00
App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Box","Box2")
App.ActiveDocument.Box2.Length=20.00
App.ActiveDocument.Box2.Width=85.00
App.ActiveDocument.Box2.Height=100.00
App.ActiveDocument.addObject("Part::Cylinder","Cylinder")
App.ActiveDocument.Cylinder.Radius=80.00
App.ActiveDocument.Cylinder.Height=100.00
App.ActiveDocument.Cylinder.Angle=360.00
# Fuse two boxes and the cylinder
App.activeDocument().addObject("Part::Fuse","Fusion")
App.activeDocument().Fusion.Base = App.activeDocument().Cylinder
App.activeDocument().Fusion.Tool = App.activeDocument().Box1
App.activeDocument().addObject("Part::Fuse","Fusion1")
App.activeDocument().Fusion1.Base = App.activeDocument().Box2
App.activeDocument().Fusion1.Tool = App.activeDocument().Fusion
# Cut the fused shapes from the first box
App.activeDocument().addObject("Part::Cut","Shape")
App.activeDocument().Shape.Base = App.activeDocument().Box
App.activeDocument().Shape.Tool = App.activeDocument().Fusion1
# Hide all the intermediate shapes
Gui.activeDocument().Box.Visibility=False
Gui.activeDocument().Box1.Visibility=False
Gui.activeDocument().Box2.Visibility=False
Gui.activeDocument().Cylinder.Visibility=False
Gui.activeDocument().Fusion.Visibility=False
Gui.activeDocument().Fusion1.Visibility=False
</pre>
<p>插入一个页面对象并指定一个模板
</p>
<pre>App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeaturePage','Page')
App.activeDocument().Page.Template = App.getResourceDir()+'Mod/Drawing/Templates/A3_Landscape.svg'
</pre>
<p>创建“Shape”对象的一个视图，定义其位置、比例并将其指定到一个页面
</p>
<pre>App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeatureViewPart','View')
App.activeDocument().View.Source = App.activeDocument().Shape
App.activeDocument().View.Direction = (0.0,0.0,1.0)
App.activeDocument().View.X = 10.0
App.activeDocument().View.Y = 10.0
App.activeDocument().Page.addObject(App.activeDocument().View)
</pre>
<p>创建同一对象的第二个视图，但是要将该视图旋转90度。
</p>
<pre>App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeatureViewPart','ViewRot')
App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Source = App.activeDocument().Shape
App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Direction = (0.0,0.0,1.0)
App.activeDocument().ViewRot.X = 290.0
App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Y = 30.0
App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Scale = 1.0
App.activeDocument().ViewRot.Rotation = 90.0
App.activeDocument().Page.addObject(App.activeDocument().ViewRot)
</pre>
<p>创建同一对象的第三个视图，但是要在等距方向创建。并将隐藏线激活显示。
</p>
<pre>App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeatureViewPart','ViewIso')
App.activeDocument().ViewIso.Source = App.activeDocument().Shape
App.activeDocument().ViewIso.Direction = (1.0,1.0,1.0)
App.activeDocument().ViewIso.X = 335.0
App.activeDocument().ViewIso.Y = 140.0
App.activeDocument().ViewIso.ShowHiddenLines = True
App.activeDocument().Page.addObject(App.activeDocument().ViewIso)
</pre>
<p>改动一些地方并更新。更新过程改变了视图和页面。
</p>
<pre>App.activeDocument().View.X = 30.0
App.activeDocument().View.Y = 30.0
App.activeDocument().View.Scale = 1.5
App.activeDocument().recompute()
</pre>
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.AE.BF.E9.97.AE.E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E7.BB.86.E8.8A.82">访问其他细节</span></h4>
<p>得到单个视图的 SVG 部分
</p>
<pre>ViewSVG = App.activeDocument().View.ViewResult
print ViewSVG
</pre>
<p>得到整个最终页面（这是文档中临时文件夹中的一个只读文件）
</p>
<pre>print "Resulting SVG document: ",App.activeDocument().Page.PageResult
file = open(App.activeDocument().Page.PageResult,"r")
print "Result page is ",len(file.readlines())," lines long"
</pre>
<p>注意：释放文件！
</p>
<pre>del file
</pre>
<p>向视图中插入你自己的内容：
</p>
<pre>App.activeDocument().addObject('Drawing::FeatureView','ViewSelf')
App.activeDocument().ViewSelf.ViewResult = """&lt;g id="ViewSelf"
stroke="rgb(0, 0, 0)"
stroke-width="0.35"
stroke-linecap="butt"
stroke-linejoin="miter"
transform="translate(30,30)"
fill="#00cc00"
&gt;
&lt;ellipse cx="40" cy="40" rx="30" ry="15"/&gt;
&lt;/g&gt;
"""
App.activeDocument().Page.addObject(App.activeDocument().ViewSelf)
App.activeDocument().recompute()
del Shape,ViewSVG, resultSVG
</pre>
<p>会出现以下结果：
</p><p><a href="https://www.freecadweb.org/wiki/index.php?title=File:DrawingScriptResult.jpg" class="image"><img alt="DrawingScriptResult.jpg" src="800px-DrawingScriptResult.jpg" width="800" height="481" srcset="/wiki/images/thumb/2/2e/DrawingScriptResult.jpg/1200px-DrawingScriptResult.jpg 1.5x, /wiki/images/2/2e/DrawingScriptResult.jpg 2x" /></a>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.A8.A1.E6.9D.BF">模板</span></h3>
<p>FreeCAD自带一些预设的模板，想得到更多模板可以前往 <a href="Drawing_templates.html" title="Drawing templates">Drawing templates</a> 页面。
</p>
<p><br />
</p>
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