gui/gui-lib/mrlib/private/image-core-bitmap.rkt
2014-12-02 02:33:07 -05:00

305 lines
11 KiB
Racket

#lang scheme/base
(require racket/draw
scheme/class)
(provide rotate-bytes ;; : bytes int[width] int[height] radians[radians] -> bytes
flip-bytes ;; : bytes int[width] int[height] -> bytes
bitmap->bytes
bytes->bitmap
linear-transform)
;; rotate-bitmap : (-> bytes? natural-number/c natural-number/c real? bytes?)
;; avoid a dependency on scheme/contract, which pulls in too much
;; for the test suite:
(provide clamp-1 build-bytes bmbytes-ref/safe interpolate)
(define pi (atan 0 -1))
(define i 0+1i)
#|
instead of this scaling code, we use the dc<%>'s scaling code.
(provide/contract [scale-bitmap
(-> bytes? natural-number/c natural-number/c (and/c real? (not/c negative?))
bytes?)])
; bmbytes: a bytes which represents an image --
; its size is a multiple of 4, and each
; four consecutive bytes represent alpha,r,g,b.
; scale: given a bmbytes,
; return a new bmbytes scaled by k in each direction.
;
; TODO: this code is meant for scaling by (>= k 1);
; if (< k 1) then the result will ignore ~ (1-k) of the original's pixels.
; We should really do a proper averaging for that case.
;
(define (scale-bitmap bmbytes w h k)
(let* {[new-w (round/e (* w k))]
[new-h (round/e (* h k))]
}
(values (build-bmbytes new-w
new-h
(λ (x y) (interpolate bmbytes w h
; You'd think x would map to (x/(kw))*w,
; but we actually use (x/(kw-1))*(w-1).
; It's because the distance between left- and right-most samples
; is one less than the number of samples,
; and we want the end-samples at the far ends of the new bitmap.
(* (/ x (sub1 (* k w))) (sub1 w))
(* (/ y (sub1 (* k h))) (sub1 h)))))
new-w
new-h)))
|#
(define (bitmap->bytes bm [mask (send bm get-loaded-mask)])
(let* ([w (send bm get-width)]
[h (send bm get-height)]
[bytes (make-bytes (* w h NUM-CHANNELS) 0)])
(send bm get-argb-pixels 0 0 w h bytes #f)
(when mask
(send mask get-argb-pixels 0 0 w h bytes #t))
(values bytes w h)))
(define (bytes->bitmap bytes w h)
(unless (= (bytes-length bytes) (* w h NUM-CHANNELS))
(error 'bytes->bitmap "wrong sizes, got ~a bytes, w ~a h ~a (which should be ~a bytes)"
(bytes-length bytes)
w
h
(* w h NUM-CHANNELS)))
(let* ([bm (make-bitmap w h)])
(send bm set-argb-pixels 0 0 w h bytes)
bm))
(define (flip-bytes bmbytes w h)
(build-bmbytes
w h
(λ (x y)
(let ([new-x x]
[new-y (- h y 1)])
(bmbytes-ref/safe bmbytes w h new-x new-y)))))
#;
(define (rotate-bytes bmbytes w h theta)
(let* {[theta-rotation (exp (* i theta))]
[theta-unrotation (make-rectangular (real-part theta-rotation)
(- (imag-part theta-rotation)))]
[ne (* theta-rotation w)]
[sw (* theta-rotation (* i (- h)))]
[se (* theta-rotation (make-rectangular w (- h)))]
[nw 0]
[pts (list ne sw se nw)]
[longitudes (map real-part pts)]
[latitudes (map imag-part pts)]
[east (apply max longitudes)]
[west (apply min longitudes)]
[nrth (apply max latitudes)]
[sth (apply min latitudes)]
[new-w (round/e (- east west))]
[new-h (round/e (- nrth sth))]
}
(values (build-bmbytes new-w
new-h
(λ (x y)
(let* {[pre-image (* (make-rectangular (+ west x 1/2) (- nrth y 1/2))
theta-unrotation)]
}
(interpolate bmbytes w h
(real-part pre-image)
(- (imag-part pre-image))))))
new-w
new-h)))
;; linear transform: bytes width height <matrix coodinates> -> (values bytes width height)
;; The matrix is read like this:
;; +- -+
;; | a b |
;; | c d |
;; +- -+
;; The ai, bi, ci, and di are the coordinates of the inverse matrix
(define (linear-transform bmbytes w h a b c d)
(let-values ([(ai bi ci di)
(let ([k (/ (- (* a d) (* b c)))])
(values (* k d) (* k (- b))
(* k (- c)) (* k a)))])
;; mapp : <matrix> complex -> complex
;; applies the matrix represented by abcd(as in the picture above) to p
(define (mapp a b c d p)
(let ([x (real-part p)]
[y (imag-part p)])
(make-rectangular (+ (* a x) (* b y))
(+ (* c x) (* d y)))))
(let* {[f-rotation (λ (p) (mapp a b c d p))]
[f-unrotation (λ (p) (mapp ai bi ci di p))]
[ne (f-rotation w)]
[sw (f-rotation (* i (- h)))]
[se (f-rotation (make-rectangular w (- h)))]
[nw 0]
[pts (list ne sw se nw)]
[longitudes (map real-part pts)]
[latitudes (map imag-part pts)]
[east (apply max longitudes)]
[west (apply min longitudes)]
[nrth (apply max latitudes)]
[sth (apply min latitudes)]
[new-w (round/e (- east west))]
[new-h (round/e (- nrth sth))]}
(values (build-bmbytes new-w
new-h
(λ (x y)
(let* {[pre-image (f-unrotation (make-rectangular (+ west x 1/2) (- nrth y 1/2)))]}
(interpolate bmbytes w h
(real-part pre-image)
(- (imag-part pre-image))))))
new-w
new-h))))
(define (rotate-bytes bmbytes w h theta)
(let* ([theta-rotation (exp (* i theta -1))]
[x (real-part theta-rotation)]
[y (imag-part theta-rotation)])
(linear-transform
bmbytes w h
x (- y) y x)))
#;
(define (rotate-bytes bmbytes w h theta)
(let* {[theta-rotation (exp (* i theta))]
[theta-unrotation (make-rectangular (real-part theta-rotation)
(- (imag-part theta-rotation)))]
[f-rotation (λ (p) (* theta-rotation p))]
[f-unrotation (λ (p) (* theta-unrotation p))]
[ne (f-rotation w)]
[sw (f-rotation (* i (- h)))]
[se (f-rotation (make-rectangular w (- h)))]
[nw 0]
[pts (list ne sw se nw)]
[longitudes (map real-part pts)]
[latitudes (map imag-part pts)]
[east (apply max longitudes)]
[west (apply min longitudes)]
[nrth (apply max latitudes)]
[sth (apply min latitudes)]
[new-w (round/e (- east west))]
[new-h (round/e (- nrth sth))]}
(values (build-bmbytes new-w
new-h
(λ (x y)
(let* {[pre-image (f-unrotation (make-rectangular (+ west x 1/2) (- nrth y 1/2)))]}
(interpolate bmbytes w h
(real-part pre-image)
(- (imag-part pre-image))))))
new-w
new-h)))
;; Why the offsets of 1/2 in `rotate-bytes` and `interpolate`?
;; We consider a pixel's RGB as a point-sample taken from the 'true' image,
;; where the RGB is the sample at the *center* of the square covered by the pixel.
;; (When we assume the sample had been from the NW corner instead of the center,
;; we got weird artifacts upon rotation:
;; Consider a 1x1 bitmap rotated by 90 degrees.
;; The NW corner of our new value would be derived from the *NE* corner of
;; the original bitmap, which is a full pixel-width away from the original sample.
;; So a 1x1 bitmap being rotated would counterintuitively give a different bitmap.)
; interpolate: bytes natnum natum real real -> bytes
;
; Given a bitmap (bytes of size (* w h NUM-CHANNELS)), return a pixel (bytes of size NUM-CHANNELS)
; corresponding to the interpolated color at x,y
; where x,y are *real-valued* coordinates in [0,w), [0,h).
;
(define (interpolate bmbytes w h x y)
(let* {[x0 (floor/e (- x 1/2))]
[y0 (floor/e (- y 1/2))]
[dx (- (- x 1/2) x0)]
[dy (- (- y 1/2) y0)]
[1-dx (- 1 dx)]
[1-dy (- 1 dy)]
[nw (bmbytes-ref/safe bmbytes w h x0 y0 )]
[ne (bmbytes-ref/safe bmbytes w h (add1 x0) y0 )]
[sw (bmbytes-ref/safe bmbytes w h x0 (add1 y0))]
[se (bmbytes-ref/safe bmbytes w h (add1 x0) (add1 y0))]
}
(build-bytes
NUM-CHANNELS
(λ (i) (inexact->exact (round/e (+ (* (bytes-ref nw i) 1-dx 1-dy)
(* (bytes-ref ne i) dx 1-dy)
(* (bytes-ref sw i) 1-dx dy)
(* (bytes-ref se i) dx dy))))))))
; Return pixel (i,j) from a bytes representation.
; However, if i,j refers to an off-board location,
; return the nearest board location where alpha has been set to 0.
; (That is, conceptually extend the picture's edge colors
; infinitely, but make them transparent.)
; This is helpful when trying to interpolate just beyond
; an edge pixel.
;
(define (bmbytes-ref/safe bytes w h i j)
(let* {[i/safe (clamp-1 0 i w)]
[j/safe (clamp-1 0 j h)]
[offset (flatten-bm-coord w h i/safe j/safe)]
[pixel (subbytes bytes offset (+ offset NUM-CHANNELS))]
}
(if (and (= i i/safe) (= j j/safe))
pixel
(let {[new-pixel (bytes-copy pixel)]}
(begin (bytes-set! new-pixel 0 0)
new-pixel)))))
; Create a bytes representation from
; a function f mapping locations to pixels.
;
; f : [0,w), [0,h) -> (bytes a r g b)
;
(define (build-bmbytes w h f)
(do {[bm (make-bytes (* NUM-CHANNELS w h))]
[y 0 (add1 y)]
}
[(>= y h) bm]
(do {[x 0 (add1 x)]
}
[(>= x w)]
(bytes-copy! bm (flatten-bm-coord w h x y) (f x y)))))
; build-bytes, analogous to build-list.
;
(define (build-bytes sz f)
(do {[b (make-bytes sz)]
[i 0 (add1 i)]
}
[(>= i sz) b]
(bytes-set! b i (f i))))
;;;; Some utility functions
(define round/e (compose inexact->exact round))
(define floor/e (compose inexact->exact floor))
(define ceiling/e (compose inexact->exact ceiling))
(define NUM-CHANNELS 4) ; alpha, r, g, b
; Return n, clamped to the range [a,b).
; (note the open interval; for integers.)
;
(define (clamp-1 a n b)
(min (max a n) (sub1 b)))
; Convert an x,y pixel coordinate into its offset into a bytes.
;
(define (flatten-bm-coord w h x y) (* (+ (* y w) x) NUM-CHANNELS))