diff --git a/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/reference/contracts.scrbl b/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/reference/contracts.scrbl
index f5983d411d..f1dbde8969 100644
--- a/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/reference/contracts.scrbl
+++ b/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/reference/contracts.scrbl
@@ -1831,7 +1831,11 @@ accepted by the third argument to @racket[datum->syntax].
 @defproc[(make-contract
           [#:name name any/c 'anonymous-contract]
           [#:first-order test (-> any/c any/c) (λ (x) #t)]
-          [#:val-first-projection 
+          [#:late-neg-projection
+           late-neg-proj
+           (or/c #f (-> blame? (-> any/c any/c any/c)))
+           #f]
+          [#:val-first-projection
            val-first-proj
            (or/c #f (-> blame? (-> any/c (-> any/c any/c))))
            #f]
@@ -1852,6 +1856,10 @@ accepted by the third argument to @racket[datum->syntax].
 @defproc[(make-chaperone-contract
           [#:name name any/c 'anonymous-chaperone-contract]
           [#:first-order test (-> any/c any/c) (λ (x) #t)]
+          [#:late-neg-projection
+           late-neg-proj
+           (or/c #f (-> blame? (-> any/c any/c any/c)))
+           #f]
           [#:val-first-projection 
            val-first-proj
            (or/c #f (-> blame? (-> any/c (-> any/c any/c))))
@@ -1873,6 +1881,10 @@ accepted by the third argument to @racket[datum->syntax].
 @defproc[(make-flat-contract
           [#:name name any/c 'anonymous-flat-contract]
           [#:first-order test (-> any/c any/c) (λ (x) #t)]
+          [#:late-neg-projection
+           late-neg-proj
+           (or/c #f (-> blame? (-> any/c any/c any/c)))
+           #f]
           [#:val-first-projection 
            val-first-proj
            (or/c #f (-> blame? (-> any/c (-> any/c any/c))))
@@ -1893,12 +1905,6 @@ accepted by the third argument to @racket[datum->syntax].
          flat-contract?]
 )]{
 
-   @italic{The precise details of the 
-           @racket[val-first-projection] argument
-           are subject to change. (Probably
-           also the default values of the @racket[project] 
-           arguments will change.}
-   
 These functions build simple higher-order contracts, chaperone contracts, and flat contracts,
 respectively.  They both take the same set of three optional arguments: a name,
 a first-order predicate, and a blame-tracking projection.
@@ -1916,13 +1922,25 @@ by @racket[contract-first-order-passes?], and indirectly by @racket[or/c] to
 determine which of multiple higher-order contracts to wrap a value with.  The
 default test accepts any value.
 
-The projection @racket[proj] defines the behavior of applying the contract.  It
+The @racket[late-neg-proj] defines the behavior of applying the contract. If it is
+supplied, it accepts a blame object that does not have a value for
+ the @racket[blame-negative] field. Then it must return a function that accepts
+ both the value that is getting the contract and the name of the blame party, in
+ that order. The result must either be the value (perhaps suitably wrapped
+ with a @tech{chaperone} or @tech{impersonator} to enforce the contract), or
+ signal a contract violation using @racket[raise-blame-error]. The default is
+ @racket[#f].
+ 
+The projection @racket[proj] and @racket[val-first-proj] are older mechanisms for
+ defining the behavior of applying the contract.  The @racket[proj] argument
 is a curried function of two arguments: the first application accepts a blame
 object, and the second accepts a value to protect with the contract.  The
 projection must either produce the value, suitably wrapped to enforce any
 higher-order aspects of the contract, or signal a contract violation using
 @racket[raise-blame-error].  The default projection produces an error when the
 first-order test fails, and produces the value unchanged otherwise.
+The @racket[val-first-proj] is like @racket[late-neg-proj], except with
+an extra layer of currying.
 
 Projections for chaperone contracts must produce a value that passes
 @racket[chaperone-of?] when compared with the original, uncontracted value.
@@ -2274,6 +2292,10 @@ is expected to be the blame record for the contract on the value).
            get-first-order
            (-> contract? (-> any/c boolean?))
            (λ (c) (λ (x) #t))]
+          [#:late-neg-projection
+           late-neg-proj
+           (or/c #f (-> contract? (-> blame? (-> any/c any/c any/c))))
+           #f]
           [#:val-first-projection 
            val-first-proj
            (or/c #f (-> contract? blame? (-> any/c (-> any/c any/c))))
@@ -2323,6 +2345,10 @@ is expected to be the blame record for the contract on the value).
            get-first-order
            (-> contract? (-> any/c boolean?))
            (λ (c) (λ (x) #t))]
+          [#:late-neg-projection
+           late-neg-proj
+           (or/c #f (-> contract? blame? (-> any/c any/c any/c)))
+           #f]
           [#:val-first-projection 
            val-first-proj
            (or/c #f (-> contract? blame? (-> any/c (-> any/c any/c))))
@@ -2372,6 +2398,10 @@ is expected to be the blame record for the contract on the value).
            get-first-order
            (-> contract? (-> any/c boolean?))
            (λ (c) (λ (x) #t))]
+          [#:late-neg-projection
+           late-neg-proj
+           (or/c #f (-> contract? blame? (-> any/c any/c any/c)))
+           #f]
           [#:val-first-projection 
            val-first-proj
            (or/c #f (-> contract? blame? (-> any/c (-> any/c any/c))))
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arr-i.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arr-i.rkt
index eed7834476..e3f6ff3159 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arr-i.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arr-i.rkt
@@ -195,6 +195,12 @@
                 (λ (neg-party)
                   ((blame-accepting-proj (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party)) val))
                 (->i-mk-val-first-wrapper ctc)))))
+         #:late-neg-projection
+         (λ (ctc)
+           (define blame-accepting-proj (arr->i-proj ctc))
+           (λ (blame)
+             (λ (val neg-party)
+               ((blame-accepting-proj (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party)) val))))
          #:projection arr->i-proj
          #:name (λ (ctc) 
                   (define (arg/ress->spec infos ctcs dep-ctcs skip?)
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arrow-higher-order.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arrow-higher-order.rkt
index 20a2eade0e..f8b8f4ae64 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arrow-higher-order.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arrow-higher-order.rkt
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
                            (list
                             (with-syntax ([rng-len (length rngs)])
                               (with-syntax ([rng-results
-                                             #'(values ((rng-ctc rng-x) neg-party)
+                                             #'(values (rng-ctc rng-x neg-party)
                                                        ...)])
                                 #'(case-lambda
                                     [(rng-x ...)
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
                  [opt-keywords (map (λ (p) (syntax-e (car p))) opt-kwds)]
                  [need-apply-values? (or dom-rest (not (null? opt-doms)))]
                  [no-rng-checking? (not rngs)])
-            (with-syntax ([(dom-projd-args ...) #'(((dom-ctc dom-x) neg-party) ...)]
+            (with-syntax ([(dom-projd-args ...) #'((dom-ctc dom-x neg-party) ...)]
                           [basic-params
                            (cond
                              [dom-rest
@@ -197,10 +197,10 @@
                              [else
                               #'(this-param ... dom-x ... [opt-dom-x arrow:unspecified-dom] ...)])]
                           [opt+rest-uses
-                           (for/fold ([i (if dom-rest #'((rest-ctc rest-x) neg-party) #'null)])
+                           (for/fold ([i (if dom-rest #'(rest-ctc rest-x neg-party) #'null)])
                              ([o (in-list (reverse
                                            (syntax->list
-                                            #'(((opt-dom-ctc opt-dom-x) neg-party) ...))))]
+                                            #'((opt-dom-ctc opt-dom-x neg-party) ...))))]
                               [opt-dom-x (in-list (reverse (syntax->list #'(opt-dom-x ...))))])
                              #`(let ([r #,i])
                                  (if (eq? arrow:unspecified-dom #,opt-dom-x) r (cons #,o r))))]
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@
                           [kwd-stx
                            (let* ([req-stxs
                                    (map (λ (s) (λ (r) #`(cons #,s #,r)))
-                                        (syntax->list #'(((req-kwd-ctc req-kwd-x) neg-party) ...)))]
+                                        (syntax->list #'((req-kwd-ctc req-kwd-x neg-party) ...)))]
                                   [opt-stxs 
                                    (map (λ (x c) (λ (r) #`(maybe-cons-kwd #,c #,x #,r neg-party)))
                                         (syntax->list #'(opt-kwd-x ...))
@@ -348,40 +348,42 @@
 (define (maybe-cons-kwd c x r neg-party)
   (if (eq? arrow:unspecified-dom x)
       r
-      (cons ((c x) neg-party) r)))
+      (cons (c x neg-party) r)))
 
 (define (->-proj chaperone-or-impersonate-procedure ctc
                  ;; fields of the 'ctc' struct
                  min-arity doms kwd-infos rest pre? rngs post?
-                 plus-one-arity-function chaperone-constructor)
-  (define doms-proj (map get/build-val-first-projection doms))
-  (define rest-proj (and rest (get/build-val-first-projection rest)))
-  (define rngs-proj (if rngs (map get/build-val-first-projection rngs) '()))
-  (define kwds-proj
-    (for/list ([kwd-info (in-list kwd-infos)])
-      (get/build-val-first-projection (kwd-info-ctc kwd-info))))
+                 plus-one-arity-function chaperone-constructor
+                 late-neg?)
   (define optionals-length (- (length doms) min-arity))
   (define mtd? #f) ;; not yet supported for the new contracts
   (λ (orig-blame)
     (define rng-blame (arrow:blame-add-range-context orig-blame))
     (define swapped-domain (blame-add-context orig-blame "the domain of" #:swap? #t))
-    (define partial-doms 
-      (for/list ([dom (in-list doms-proj)]
+
+    (define partial-doms
+      (for/list ([dom (in-list doms)]
                  [n (in-naturals 1)])
-        (dom (blame-add-context orig-blame 
-                                (format "the ~a argument of" (n->th n))
-                                #:swap? #t))))
-    (define partial-rest (and rest-proj
-                              (rest-proj
+        ((get/build-late-neg-projection dom)
+         (blame-add-context orig-blame 
+                            (format "the ~a argument of" (n->th n))
+                            #:swap? #t))))
+    (define partial-rest (and rest
+                              ((get/build-late-neg-projection rest)
                                (blame-add-context orig-blame "the rest argument of"
                                                   #:swap? #t))))
-    (define partial-ranges (map (λ (rng) (rng rng-blame)) rngs-proj))
+    (define partial-ranges
+      (if rngs
+          (for/list ([rng (in-list rngs)])
+            ((get/build-late-neg-projection rng) rng-blame))
+          '()))
     (define partial-kwds 
-      (for/list ([kwd-proj (in-list kwds-proj)]
+      (for/list ([kwd-info (in-list kwd-infos)]
                  [kwd (in-list kwd-infos)])
-        (kwd-proj (blame-add-context orig-blame
-                                     (format "the ~a argument of" (kwd-info-kwd kwd))
-                                     #:swap? #t))))
+        ((get/build-late-neg-projection (kwd-info-ctc kwd-info))
+         (blame-add-context orig-blame
+                            (format "the ~a argument of" (kwd-info-kwd kwd))
+                            #:swap? #t))))
     (define man-then-opt-partial-kwds
       (append (for/list ([partial-kwd (in-list partial-kwds)]
                          [kwd-info (in-list kwd-infos)]
@@ -401,27 +403,42 @@
               man-then-opt-partial-kwds
               partial-ranges
               (if partial-rest (list partial-rest) '())))
-    (λ (val)
-      (wrapped-extra-arg-arrow 
-       (cond
-         [(do-arity-checking orig-blame val doms rest min-arity kwd-infos)
-          =>
-          values]
-         [else
-          (λ (neg-party)
-            (define chap/imp-func (apply chaperone-constructor orig-blame val neg-party the-args))
-            (if post?
-                (chaperone-or-impersonate-procedure
-                 val
-                 chap/imp-func
-                 impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
-                 impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party orig-blame neg-party))
-                (chaperone-or-impersonate-procedure
-                 val
-                 chap/imp-func
-                 impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
-                 impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party orig-blame neg-party)
-                 impersonator-prop:application-mark (cons arrow:contract-key 
-                                                          ;; is this right?
-                                                          partial-ranges))))])
-       (apply plus-one-arity-function orig-blame val plus-one-constructor-args)))))
+
+    (define (successfully-got-the-right-kind-of-function val neg-party)
+      (define chap/imp-func (apply chaperone-constructor orig-blame val neg-party the-args))
+      (if post?
+          (chaperone-or-impersonate-procedure
+           val
+           chap/imp-func
+           impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
+           impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party orig-blame neg-party))
+          (chaperone-or-impersonate-procedure
+           val
+           chap/imp-func
+           impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
+           impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party orig-blame neg-party)
+           impersonator-prop:application-mark (cons arrow:contract-key 
+                                                    ;; is this right?
+                                                    partial-ranges))))
+    
+    (cond
+      [late-neg?
+       (λ (val neg-party)
+         (cond
+           [(do-arity-checking orig-blame val doms rest min-arity kwd-infos)
+            =>
+            (λ (f)
+              (f neg-party))]
+           [else
+            (successfully-got-the-right-kind-of-function val neg-party)]))]
+      [else
+       (λ (val)
+         (wrapped-extra-arg-arrow 
+          (cond
+            [(do-arity-checking orig-blame val doms rest min-arity kwd-infos)
+             =>
+             values]
+            [else
+             (λ (neg-party)
+               (successfully-got-the-right-kind-of-function val neg-party))])
+          (apply plus-one-arity-function orig-blame val plus-one-constructor-args)))])))
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arrow-val-first.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arrow-val-first.rkt
index 92159a55bf..c77351bd24 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arrow-val-first.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/arrow-val-first.rkt
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
                 [(res-x ...) (generate-temporaries (or rngs '()))]
                 [(kwd-arg-x ...) (generate-temporaries mandatory-kwds)])
 
-    (define base-arg-expressions (reverse (syntax->list #'(((regb arg-x) neg-party) ...))))
+    (define base-arg-expressions (reverse (syntax->list #'((regb arg-x neg-party) ...))))
     (define normal-arg-vars (generate-temporaries #'(arg-x ...)))
     (define base-arg-vars normal-arg-vars)
 
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
                     append
                     (map (λ (kwd kwd-arg-x kb)
                            (set! base-arg-expressions
-                                 (cons #`((#,kb #,kwd-arg-x) neg-party)
+                                 (cons #`(#,kb #,kwd-arg-x neg-party)
                                        base-arg-expressions))
                            (set! base-arg-vars (cons (car (generate-temporaries (list kwd-arg-x)))
                                                      base-arg-vars))
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
                       #,@(for/list ([ob (in-list (reverse ob))]
                                     [optional-arg (in-list (reverse optional-args))])
                            (set! args-expressions
-                                 (cons #`((#,ob #,optional-arg) neg-party)
+                                 (cons #`(#,ob #,optional-arg neg-party)
                                        args-expressions))
                            (set! args-vars
                                  (cons (car (generate-temporaries (list optional-arg)))
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
                  (define full-call
                    (cond
                      [(and first? rest)
-                      (set! args-expressions (cons #'((restb rest-arg) neg-party) args-expressions))
+                      (set! args-expressions (cons #'(restb rest-arg neg-party) args-expressions))
                       (set! args-vars (cons (car (generate-temporaries '(rest-args-arrow-contract)))
                                             args-vars))
                       #`(apply #,@no-rest-call #,(car args-vars))]
@@ -281,7 +281,9 @@
                                       #'(res-x ...))))]
                                 [else
                                  post-check ...
-                                 (values ((rb res-x) neg-party) ...)])))]
+                                 (values
+                                  (rb res-x neg-party)
+                                  ...)])))]
                        #`[#,the-args
                           pre-check ...
                           (let ([blame+neg-party (cons blame neg-party)])
@@ -340,7 +342,7 @@
              (cond
                [(and (pair? mandatory-kwds)
                      (equal? (car mandatory-kwds) kwd))
-                (cons (((car kbs) kwd-arg) neg-party)
+                (cons ((car kbs) kwd-arg neg-party)
                       (loop (cdr kwds) 
                             (cdr kwd-args)
                             (cdr mandatory-kwds)
@@ -349,7 +351,7 @@
                             okbs))]
                [(and (pair? optional-kwds)
                      (equal? (car optional-kwds) kwd))
-                (cons (((car okbs) kwd-arg) neg-party)
+                (cons ((car okbs) kwd-arg neg-party)
                       (loop (cdr kwds) 
                             (cdr kwd-args)
                             mandatory-kwds
@@ -368,9 +370,9 @@
                    [rbs rbs])
           (cond
             [(null? regular-args) '()]
-            [(null? rbs) ((rest-ctc regular-args) neg-party)]
+            [(null? rbs) (rest-ctc regular-args neg-party)]
             [else
-             (cons (((car rbs) (car regular-args)) neg-party)
+             (cons ((car rbs) (car regular-args) neg-party)
                    (loop (cdr regular-args) (cdr rbs)))]))))
      (define complete-blame (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party))
      (when pre (check-pre-cond pre blame neg-party f))
@@ -385,7 +387,7 @@
          values
          (for/list ([result (in-list results)]
                     [rng (in-list rngs)])
-           ((rng result) neg-party)))]
+           (rng result neg-party)))]
        [else
         (mk-call)]))))
 
@@ -908,16 +910,16 @@
                (define kwd-results
                  (for/list ([kwd (in-list kwds)]
                             [kwd-arg (in-list kwd-args)])
-                   (((hash-ref kwd-table kwd) kwd-arg) neg-party)))
+                   ((hash-ref kwd-table kwd) kwd-arg neg-party)))
                (define regular-arg-results
                  (let loop ([args args]
                             [projs mandatory+optional-dom-projs])
                    (cond
                      [(and (null? projs) (null? args)) '()]
                      [(null? projs)
-                      ((rest-proj args) neg-party)]
+                      (rest-proj args neg-party)]
                      [(null? args) (error 'cant-happen::dynamic->*)]
-                     [else (cons (((car projs) (car args)) neg-party)
+                     [else (cons ((car projs) (car args) neg-party)
                                  (loop (cdr args) (cdr projs)))])))
                (define (result-checker . results)
                  (unless (= rng-len (length results))
@@ -926,7 +928,7 @@
                   values
                   (for/list ([res (in-list results)]
                              [neg-party-proj (in-list rng-projs)])
-                    ((neg-party-proj res) neg-party))))
+                    (neg-party-proj res neg-party))))
                (define args-dealt-with
                  (if (null? kwds)
                      regular-arg-results
@@ -1132,7 +1134,7 @@
        #t))
 
 (define (make-property build-X-property chaperone-or-impersonate-procedure)
-  (define proj 
+  (define val-first-proj
     (λ (->stct)
       (->-proj chaperone-or-impersonate-procedure ->stct
                (base->-min-arity ->stct)
@@ -1143,14 +1145,28 @@
                (base->-rngs ->stct)
                (base->-post? ->stct)
                (base->-plus-one-arity-function ->stct)
-               (base->-chaperone-constructor ->stct))))
+               (base->-chaperone-constructor ->stct)
+               #f)))
+  (define late-neg-proj
+    (λ (->stct)
+      (->-proj chaperone-or-impersonate-procedure ->stct
+               (base->-min-arity ->stct)
+               (base->-doms ->stct)
+               (base->-kwd-infos ->stct)
+               (base->-rest ->stct)
+               (base->-pre? ->stct)
+               (base->-rngs ->stct)
+               (base->-post? ->stct)
+               (base->-plus-one-arity-function ->stct)
+               (base->-chaperone-constructor ->stct)
+               #t)))
   (parameterize ([skip-projection-wrapper? #t])
     (build-X-property
      #:name base->-name 
      #:first-order ->-first-order
      #:projection
      (λ (this)
-       (define cthis (proj this))
+       (define cthis (val-first-proj this))
        (λ (blame)
          (define cblame (cthis blame))
          (λ (val)
@@ -1180,7 +1196,8 @@
             (not (base->-post? that))))
      #:generate ->-generate
      #:exercise ->-exercise
-     #:val-first-projection proj)))
+     #:val-first-projection val-first-proj
+     #:late-neg-projection late-neg-proj)))
 
 (define-struct (-> base->) ()
   #:property
@@ -1207,11 +1224,11 @@
                   (λ () (f))
                   (case-lambda
                     [(rng)
-                     (unless (void? rng)
-                       (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party rng
-                                          '(expected: "void?" given: "~e")
-                                          rng))
-                     rng]
+                     (if (void? rng)
+                         rng
+                         (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party rng
+                                            '(expected: "void?" given: "~e")
+                                            rng))]
                     [args
                      (wrong-number-of-results-blame blame neg-party f args 1)]))))
              (get-chaperone-constructor))))
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/base.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/base.rkt
index 84d3fd87cc..aee46da156 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/base.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/base.rkt
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 (define (apply-contract c v pos neg name loc)
   (let ([c (coerce-contract 'contract c)])
     (check-source-location! 'contract loc)
-    (define cvfp (contract-val-first-projection c))
+    (define clnp (contract-late-neg-projection c))
     (define blame
       (make-blame (build-source-location loc)
                   name
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@
                   ;; instead of changing the library around.
                   (or pos "false")
                   
-                  (if cvfp #f neg)
+                  (if clnp #f neg)
                   #t))
     (cond
-      [cvfp (((cvfp blame) v) neg)]
+      [clnp ((clnp blame) v neg)]
       [else (((contract-projection c) blame) v)])))
 
 (define-syntax (invariant-assertion stx)
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/box.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/box.rkt
index ce926be82c..b6a8bd8ef7 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/box.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/box.rkt
@@ -111,18 +111,19 @@
    #:name box/c-name
    #:first-order box/c-first-order
    #:stronger box/c-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection
    (λ (ctc)
-     (define content-ctc (get/build-val-first-projection (base-box/c-content ctc)))
+     (define content-ctc (get/build-late-neg-projection (base-box/c-content ctc)))
      (λ (blame)
        (define box-blame (add-box-context blame))
-       (define val-first-proj (content-ctc box-blame))
-       (λ (val)
-         (define fail-proc (check-box/c-np ctc val blame))
-         (or fail-proc
-             (λ (neg-party) 
-               ((val-first-proj (unbox val)) neg-party)
-               val)))))
+       (define late-neg-proj (content-ctc box-blame))
+       (λ (val neg-party)
+         (define fail-proc (check-box/c-np ctc val box-blame))
+         (cond
+           [fail-proc (fail-proc neg-party)]
+           [else
+            (late-neg-proj (unbox val) neg-party)
+            val]))))
    #:projection
    (λ (ctc)
      (λ (blame)
@@ -148,26 +149,29 @@
                              impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
                              impersonator-prop:blame blame))))))))
 
-(define (ho-val-first-projection chaperone/impersonate-box)
+(define (ho-late-neg-projection chaperone/impersonate-box)
   (λ (ctc)
     (define elem-ctc (base-box/c-content ctc))
     (define immutable (base-box/c-immutable ctc))
-    (define vfp (get/build-val-first-projection elem-ctc))
+    (define vfp (get/build-late-neg-projection elem-ctc))
     (λ (blame)
       (define box-blame (add-box-context blame))
       (define pos-elem-proj (vfp box-blame))
       (define neg-elem-proj (vfp (blame-swap box-blame)))
-      (λ (val)
-        (or (check-box/c-np ctc val blame)
-            (if (and (immutable? val) (not (chaperone? val)))
-                (λ (neg-party) (box-immutable ((pos-elem-proj (unbox val)) neg-party)))
-                (λ (neg-party)
-                  (chaperone/impersonate-box 
-                   val
-                   (λ (b v) ((pos-elem-proj v) neg-party))
-                   (λ (b v) ((neg-elem-proj v) neg-party))
-                   impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
-                   impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party)))))))))
+      (λ (val neg-party)
+        (cond
+          [(check-box/c-np ctc val blame)
+           =>
+           (λ (f) (f neg-party))]
+          [else
+           (if (and (immutable? val) (not (chaperone? val)))
+               (box-immutable (pos-elem-proj (unbox val) neg-party))
+               (chaperone/impersonate-box 
+                val
+                (λ (b v) (pos-elem-proj v neg-party))
+                (λ (b v) (neg-elem-proj v neg-party))
+                impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
+                impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party)))])))))
 
 (define-struct (chaperone-box/c base-box/c) ()
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
@@ -176,7 +180,7 @@
    #:name box/c-name
    #:first-order box/c-first-order
    #:stronger box/c-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection (ho-val-first-projection chaperone-box)
+   #:late-neg-projection (ho-late-neg-projection chaperone-box)
    #:projection (ho-projection chaperone-box)))
 
 (define-struct (impersonator-box/c base-box/c) ()
@@ -186,7 +190,7 @@
    #:name box/c-name
    #:first-order box/c-first-order
    #:stronger box/c-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection (ho-val-first-projection impersonate-box)
+   #:late-neg-projection (ho-late-neg-projection impersonate-box)
    #:projection (ho-projection impersonate-box)))
 
 (define-syntax (wrap-box/c stx)
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/guts.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/guts.rkt
index a804c13436..417b8a7cf6 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/guts.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/guts.rkt
@@ -544,22 +544,18 @@
                                           (predicate-contract-pred that))))
    #:name (λ (ctc) (predicate-contract-name ctc))
    #:first-order (λ (ctc) (predicate-contract-pred ctc))
-   #:val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection
    (λ (ctc)
      (define p? (predicate-contract-pred ctc))
      (define name (predicate-contract-name ctc))
      (λ (blame)
-       (let ([predicate-contract-proj
-              (λ (v)
-                (if (p? v)
-                    (λ (neg-party)
-                      v)
-                    (λ (neg-party)
-                      (raise-blame-error blame v #:missing-party neg-party
-                                         '(expected: "~s" given: "~e")
-                                         name 
-                                         v))))])
-         predicate-contract-proj)))
+       (λ (v neg-party)
+         (if (p? v)
+             v
+             (raise-blame-error blame v #:missing-party neg-party
+                                '(expected: "~s" given: "~e")
+                                name 
+                                v)))))
    #:generate (λ (ctc)
                  (let ([generate (predicate-contract-generate ctc)])
                    (cond
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/hash.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/hash.rkt
index 9f4d0cb616..b5f9005c8e 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/hash.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/hash.rkt
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
    #:name hash/c-name
    #:first-order hash/c-first-order
    #:stronger hash/c-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection
    (λ (ctc)
      (define dom-ctc (base-hash/c-dom ctc))
      (define immutable (base-hash/c-immutable ctc))
@@ -198,38 +198,36 @@
                          (blame-add-key-context blame #f)))
        (define rng-proj ((contract-projection (base-hash/c-rng ctc))
                          (blame-add-value-context blame #f)))
-       (λ (val)
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (cond
-             [(check-hash/c dom-ctc immutable flat? val blame neg-party)
-              val]
-             [else
-              (for ([(k v) (in-hash val)])
-                (dom-proj k)
-                (rng-proj v))
-              val])))))))
+       (λ (val neg-party)
+         (cond
+           [(check-hash/c dom-ctc immutable flat? val blame neg-party)
+            val]
+           [else
+            (for ([(k v) (in-hash val)])
+              (dom-proj k)
+              (rng-proj v))
+            val]))))))
 
 (define (ho-projection chaperone-or-impersonate-hash)
   (λ (ctc)
     (define immutable (base-hash/c-immutable ctc))
     (define dom-ctc (base-hash/c-dom ctc))
     (define flat? (flat-hash/c? ctc))
-    (define dom-proc (get/build-val-first-projection dom-ctc))
-    (define rng-proc (get/build-val-first-projection (base-hash/c-rng ctc)))
+    (define dom-proc (get/build-late-neg-projection dom-ctc))
+    (define rng-proc (get/build-late-neg-projection (base-hash/c-rng ctc)))
     (λ (blame)
       (define pos-dom-proj (dom-proc (blame-add-key-context blame #f)))
       (define neg-dom-proj (dom-proc (blame-add-key-context blame #t)))
       (define pos-rng-proj (rng-proc (blame-add-value-context blame #f)))
       (define neg-rng-proj (rng-proc (blame-add-value-context blame #t)))
-      (λ (val)
-        (λ (neg-party)
-          (cond
-            [(check-hash/c dom-ctc immutable flat? val blame neg-party)
-             val]
-            [else
-             (handle-the-hash val neg-party
-                              pos-dom-proj neg-dom-proj (λ (v) pos-rng-proj) (λ (v) neg-rng-proj)
-                              chaperone-or-impersonate-hash ctc blame)]))))))
+      (λ (val neg-party)
+        (cond
+          [(check-hash/c dom-ctc immutable flat? val blame neg-party)
+           val]
+          [else
+           (handle-the-hash val neg-party
+                            pos-dom-proj neg-dom-proj (λ (v) pos-rng-proj) (λ (v) neg-rng-proj)
+                            chaperone-or-impersonate-hash ctc blame)])))))
 
 (define (blame-add-key-context blame swap?) (blame-add-context blame "the keys of" #:swap? swap?))
 (define (blame-add-value-context blame swap?) (blame-add-context blame "the values of" #:swap? swap?))
@@ -240,21 +238,21 @@
   (if (immutable? val) 
       (for/fold ([h val]) ([(k v) (in-hash val)])
         (hash-set h
-                  ((pos-dom-proj k) neg-party)
-                  (((mk-pos-rng-proj k) v) neg-party)))
+                  (pos-dom-proj k neg-party)
+                  ((mk-pos-rng-proj k) v neg-party)))
       (chaperone-or-impersonate-hash
        val
        (λ (h k)
-         (values ((neg-dom-proj k) neg-party)
+         (values (neg-dom-proj k neg-party)
                  (λ (h k v)
-                   (((mk-pos-rng-proj k) v) neg-party))))
+                   ((mk-pos-rng-proj k) v neg-party))))
        (λ (h k v)
-         (values ((neg-dom-proj k) neg-party)
-                 (((mk-neg-rng-proj k) v) neg-party)))
+         (values (neg-dom-proj k neg-party)
+                 ((mk-neg-rng-proj k) v neg-party)))
        (λ (h k)
-         ((neg-dom-proj k) neg-party))
+         (neg-dom-proj k neg-party))
        (λ (h k)
-         ((pos-dom-proj k) neg-party))
+         (pos-dom-proj k neg-party))
        impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
        impersonator-prop:blame blame)))
 
@@ -266,7 +264,7 @@
    #:name hash/c-name
    #:first-order hash/c-first-order
    #:stronger hash/c-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection (ho-projection chaperone-hash)))
+   #:late-neg-projection (ho-projection chaperone-hash)))
 
 (define-struct (impersonator-hash/c base-hash/c) ()
   #:omit-define-syntaxes
@@ -276,7 +274,7 @@
    #:name hash/c-name
    #:first-order hash/c-first-order
    #:stronger hash/c-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection (ho-projection impersonate-hash)))
+   #:late-neg-projection (ho-projection impersonate-hash)))
 
 
 (define (hash/dc-name a-hash-dc)
@@ -305,11 +303,11 @@
 
 (define (hash/dc-stronger this that) #f)
 
-(define ((hash/dc-val-first-projection chaperone-or-impersonate-hash) ctc)
+(define ((hash/dc-late-neg-projection chaperone-or-impersonate-hash) ctc)
   (define dom-ctc (base-hash/dc-dom ctc))
   (define immutable (base-hash/dc-immutable ctc))
   (define flat? (flat-hash/dc? ctc))
-  (define dom-proc (get/build-val-first-projection dom-ctc))
+  (define dom-proc (get/build-late-neg-projection dom-ctc))
   (define dep-rng-proc (base-hash/dc-dep-rng ctc))
   (λ (blame)
     (define pos-dom-proj (dom-proc (blame-add-key-context blame #f)))
@@ -319,18 +317,17 @@
                                                    (base-hash/dc-here ctc))))
     (define pos-value-blame (blame-add-value-context blame #f))
     (define neg-value-blame (blame-add-value-context blame #t))
-    (λ (val)
-      (λ (neg-party)
-        (cond
-          [(check-hash/c dom-ctc immutable flat? val blame neg-party) val]
-          [else
-           (define ((mk-rng-proj x-value-blame) key)
-             ((get/build-val-first-projection (dep-rng-proc ((indy-dom-proj key) neg-party)))
-              x-value-blame))
-           (handle-the-hash val neg-party
-                            pos-dom-proj neg-dom-proj 
-                            (mk-rng-proj pos-value-blame) (mk-rng-proj neg-value-blame)
-                            chaperone-or-impersonate-hash ctc blame)])))))
+    (λ (val neg-party)
+      (cond
+        [(check-hash/c dom-ctc immutable flat? val blame neg-party) val]
+        [else
+         (define ((mk-rng-proj x-value-blame) key)
+           ((get/build-late-neg-projection (dep-rng-proc (indy-dom-proj key neg-party)))
+            x-value-blame))
+         (handle-the-hash val neg-party
+                          pos-dom-proj neg-dom-proj 
+                          (mk-rng-proj pos-value-blame) (mk-rng-proj neg-value-blame)
+                          chaperone-or-impersonate-hash ctc blame)]))))
         
 (struct base-hash/dc (dom dep-rng here name-info immutable))
 (struct flat-hash/dc base-hash/dc ()
@@ -348,7 +345,7 @@
    #:name hash/dc-name
    #:first-order hash/dc-first-order
    #:stronger hash/dc-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection (hash/dc-val-first-projection chaperone-hash)))
+   #:late-neg-projection (hash/dc-late-neg-projection chaperone-hash)))
 (struct impersonator-hash/dc base-hash/dc ()
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:contract
@@ -356,7 +353,7 @@
    #:name hash/dc-name
    #:first-order hash/dc-first-order
    #:stronger hash/dc-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection (hash/dc-val-first-projection impersonate-hash)))
+   #:late-neg-projection (hash/dc-late-neg-projection impersonate-hash)))
 
 (define (build-hash/dc dom dep-rng here name-info immutable kind)
   (unless (member kind '(flat chaperone impersonator))
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/misc.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/misc.rkt
index e79536ff73..b65f3756b0 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/misc.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/misc.rkt
@@ -54,7 +54,9 @@
          
          contract-projection
          contract-val-first-projection  ;; might return #f (if none)
+         contract-late-neg-projection   ;; might return #f (if none)
          get/build-val-first-projection ;; builds one if necc., using contract-projection
+         get/build-late-neg-projection
          contract-name
          n->th
          
@@ -113,22 +115,21 @@
         ([p (in-list (cdr projs))])
         (λ (v) (p (proj v)))))))
 
-(define (val-first-and-proj ctc)
-  (define mk-pos-projs (map get/build-val-first-projection (base-and/c-ctcs ctc)))
+(define (late-neg-and-proj ctc)
+  (define mk-pos-projs (map get/build-late-neg-projection (base-and/c-ctcs ctc)))
   (λ (blame)
-    (define projs 
+    (define projs
       (for/list ([c (in-list mk-pos-projs)]
                  [n (in-naturals 1)])
         (c (blame-add-context blame (format "the ~a conjunct of" (n->th n))))))
-    (λ (val)
-      (λ (neg-party)
-        (let loop ([projs (cdr projs)]
-                   [val (((car projs) val) neg-party)])
-          (cond
-            [(null? projs) val]
-            [else
-             (loop (cdr projs)
-                   (((car projs) val) neg-party))]))))))
+    (λ (val neg-party)
+      (let loop ([projs (cdr projs)]
+                 [val ((car projs) val neg-party)])
+        (cond
+          [(null? projs) val]
+          [else
+           (loop (cdr projs)
+                 ((car projs) val neg-party))])))))
 
 (define (first-order-and-proj ctc)
   (λ (blame)
@@ -146,23 +147,23 @@
               (define new-blame (blame-add-context blame "an and/c case of"))
               ((ctc1-proj new-blame) val)])])))))
 
-(define (first-order-val-first-and-proj ctc)
+(define (first-order-late-neg-and-proj ctc)
   (define predicates (first-order-and/c-predicates ctc))
-  (define ctcs (base-and/c-ctcs ctc))
+  (define blame-accepters (map get/build-late-neg-projection (base-and/c-ctcs ctc)))
   (λ (blame)
-    (λ (val)
+    (define new-blame (blame-add-context blame "an and/c case of"))
+    (define projs (map (λ (f) (f new-blame)) blame-accepters))
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       (let loop ([predicates predicates]
-                 [ctcs ctcs])
+                 [projs projs])
         (cond
-          [(null? predicates) (λ (neg-party) val)]
+          [(null? predicates) val]
           [else
            (cond
              [((car predicates) val)
-              (loop (cdr predicates) (cdr ctcs))]
+              (loop (cdr predicates) (cdr projs))]
              [else
-              (define ctc1-val-first-proj (get/build-val-first-projection (car ctcs)))
-              (define new-blame (blame-add-context blame "an and/c case of"))
-              ((ctc1-val-first-proj new-blame) val)])])))))
+              ((car projs) val neg-party)])])))))
 
 (define (and-stronger? this that)
   (and (base-and/c? that)
@@ -264,7 +265,7 @@
   #:property prop:flat-contract
   (build-flat-contract-property
    #:projection first-order-and-proj
-   #:val-first-projection first-order-val-first-and-proj
+   #:late-neg-projection first-order-late-neg-and-proj
    #:name and-name
    #:first-order and-first-order
    #:stronger and-stronger?
@@ -275,7 +276,7 @@
   (parameterize ([skip-projection-wrapper? #t])
     (build-chaperone-contract-property
      #:projection and-proj
-     #:val-first-projection val-first-and-proj
+     #:late-neg-projection late-neg-and-proj
      #:name and-name
      #:first-order and-first-order
      #:stronger and-stronger?
@@ -285,7 +286,7 @@
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
    #:projection and-proj
-   #:val-first-projection val-first-and-proj
+   #:late-neg-projection late-neg-and-proj
    #:name and-name
    #:first-order and-first-order
    #:stronger and-stronger?
@@ -708,8 +709,8 @@
                    (elem-proj+blame x))
                  (raise-listof-blame-error blame val (pe-listof-ctc? ctc) #f))))])))
 
-(define (listof-val-first-projection ctc)
-  (define elem-proj (get/build-val-first-projection (listof-ctc-elem-c ctc)))
+(define (listof-late-neg-projection ctc)
+  (define elem-proj (get/build-late-neg-projection (listof-ctc-elem-c ctc)))
   (define pred? (if (pe-listof-ctc? ctc)
                     list?
                     non-empty-list?))
@@ -718,49 +719,45 @@
     (cond
       [(flat-listof-ctc? ctc)
        (if (im-listof-ctc? ctc)
-           (λ (val)
-             (λ (neg-party)
-               (let loop ([val val])
-                 (cond
-                   [(pair? val)
-                    ((elem-proj+blame (car val)) neg-party)
-                    (loop (cdr val))]
-                   [else 
-                    ((elem-proj+blame val) neg-party)]))
-               val))
-           (λ (val)
-             (if (pred? val)
-                 (λ (neg-party)
-                   (for ([x (in-list val)])
-                     ((elem-proj+blame x) neg-party))
-                   val)
-                 (λ (neg-party)
-                   (raise-listof-blame-error blame val (pe-listof-ctc? ctc) neg-party)))))]
+           (λ (val neg-party)
+             (let loop ([val val])
+               (cond
+                 [(pair? val)
+                  (elem-proj+blame (car val) neg-party)
+                  (loop (cdr val))]
+                 [else 
+                  (elem-proj+blame val neg-party)]))
+             val)
+           (λ (val neg-party)
+             (cond
+               [(pred? val)
+                (for ([x (in-list val)])
+                  (elem-proj+blame x neg-party))
+                val]
+               [else
+                (raise-listof-blame-error blame val (pe-listof-ctc? ctc) neg-party)])))]
       [else
-        (if (im-listof-ctc? ctc)
-            (λ (val)
-              (λ (neg-party)
-                (let loop ([val val])
-                  (cond
-                    [(pair? val)
-                     (cons ((elem-proj+blame (car val)) neg-party)
-                           (loop (cdr val)))]
-                    [else 
-                     ((elem-proj+blame val) neg-party)]))))
-            (λ (val)
-              (if (pred? val)
-                  (λ (neg-party)
-                    (for/list ([x (in-list val)])
-                      ((elem-proj+blame x) neg-party)))
-                  (λ (neg-party)
-                    (raise-listof-blame-error blame val (pe-listof-ctc? ctc) neg-party)))))])))
+       (if (im-listof-ctc? ctc)
+           (λ (val neg-party)
+             (let loop ([val val])
+               (cond
+                 [(pair? val)
+                  (cons (elem-proj+blame (car val) neg-party)
+                        (loop (cdr val)))]
+                 [else 
+                  (elem-proj+blame val neg-party)])))
+           (λ (val neg-party)
+             (if (pred? val)
+                 (for/list ([x (in-list val)])
+                   (elem-proj+blame x neg-party))
+                 (raise-listof-blame-error blame val (pe-listof-ctc? ctc) neg-party))))])))
 
 (define flat-prop
   (build-flat-contract-property
    #:name list-name
    #:first-order list-fo-check
    #:projection listof-projection
-   #:val-first-projection listof-val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection listof-late-neg-projection
    #:generate listof-generate
    #:exercise listof-exercise
    #:stronger listof-stronger
@@ -770,7 +767,7 @@
    #:name list-name
    #:first-order list-fo-check
    #:projection listof-projection
-   #:val-first-projection listof-val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection listof-late-neg-projection
    #:generate listof-generate
    #:exercise listof-exercise
    #:stronger listof-stronger
@@ -780,7 +777,7 @@
    #:name list-name
    #:first-order list-fo-check
    #:projection listof-projection
-   #:val-first-projection listof-val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection listof-late-neg-projection
    #:generate listof-generate
    #:exercise listof-exercise
    #:stronger listof-stronger
@@ -875,21 +872,20 @@
 (define (blame-add-cdr-context blame) (blame-add-context blame "the cdr of"))
 
 
-(define ((cons/c-val-first-ho-check combine) ctc)
+(define ((cons/c-late-neg-ho-check combine) ctc)
   (define ctc-car (the-cons/c-hd-ctc ctc))
   (define ctc-cdr (the-cons/c-tl-ctc ctc))
-  (define car-val-first-proj (get/build-val-first-projection ctc-car))
-  (define cdr-val-first-proj (get/build-val-first-projection ctc-cdr))
+  (define car-late-neg-proj (get/build-late-neg-projection ctc-car))
+  (define cdr-late-neg-proj (get/build-late-neg-projection ctc-cdr))
   (λ (blame)
-    (define car-p (car-val-first-proj (blame-add-car-context blame)))
-    (define cdr-p (cdr-val-first-proj (blame-add-cdr-context blame)))
-    (λ (v)
-      (λ (neg-party)
-        (unless (pair? v)
-          (raise-not-cons-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party v))
-        (combine v
-                 ((car-p (car v)) neg-party)
-                 ((cdr-p (cdr v)) neg-party))))))
+    (define car-p (car-late-neg-proj (blame-add-car-context blame)))
+    (define cdr-p (cdr-late-neg-proj (blame-add-cdr-context blame)))
+    (λ (v neg-party)
+      (unless (pair? v)
+        (raise-not-cons-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party v))
+      (combine v
+               (car-p (car v) neg-party)
+               (cdr-p (cdr v) neg-party)))))
 
 (define ((cons/c-ho-check combine) ctc)
   (define ctc-car (the-cons/c-hd-ctc ctc))
@@ -959,7 +955,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:flat-contract
   (build-flat-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection (cons/c-val-first-ho-check (λ (v a d) v))
+   #:late-neg-projection (cons/c-late-neg-ho-check (λ (v a d) v))
    #:projection (cons/c-ho-check (λ (v a d) v))
    #:name cons/c-name
    #:first-order cons/c-first-order
@@ -971,7 +967,7 @@
   #:property prop:chaperone-contract
   (parameterize ([skip-projection-wrapper? #t])
     (build-chaperone-contract-property
-     #:val-first-projection (cons/c-val-first-ho-check (λ (v a d) (cons a d)))
+     #:late-neg-projection (cons/c-late-neg-ho-check (λ (v a d) (cons a d)))
      #:projection (cons/c-ho-check (λ (v a d) (cons a d)))
      #:name cons/c-name
      #:first-order cons/c-first-order
@@ -982,7 +978,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection (cons/c-val-first-ho-check (λ (v a d) (cons a d)))
+   #:late-neg-projection (cons/c-late-neg-ho-check (λ (v a d) (cons a d)))
    #:projection (cons/c-ho-check (λ (v a d) (cons a d)))
    #:name cons/c-name
    #:first-order cons/c-first-order
@@ -1001,8 +997,8 @@
     [else
      (impersonator-cons/c ctc-car ctc-cdr)]))
 
-(define (cons/dc-val-first-projection ctc)
-  (define undep-proj (get/build-val-first-projection (the-cons/dc-undep ctc)))
+(define (cons/dc-late-neg-projection ctc)
+  (define undep-proj (get/build-late-neg-projection (the-cons/dc-undep ctc)))
   (define dep-proc (the-cons/dc-dep ctc))
   (define forwards? (the-cons/dc-forwards? ctc))
   (λ (blame)
@@ -1013,28 +1009,26 @@
       (undep-proj (blame-replace-negative
                    (if forwards? cdr-blame car-blame)
                    (the-cons/dc-here ctc))))
-    (λ (val)
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       (cond
         [(pair? val)
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (define-values (orig-undep orig-dep)
-             (if forwards?
-                 (values (car val) (cdr val))
-                 (values (cdr val) (car val))))
-           (define new-undep ((undep-proj+blame orig-undep) neg-party))
-           (define new-dep-ctc (coerce-contract
-                                'cons/dc
-                                (dep-proc ((undep-proj+indy-blame orig-undep) neg-party))))
-           (define new-dep ((((get/build-val-first-projection new-dep-ctc)
-                              (if forwards? cdr-blame car-blame))
-                             orig-dep)
-                            neg-party))
+         (define-values (orig-undep orig-dep)
            (if forwards?
-               (cons new-undep new-dep)
-               (cons new-dep new-undep)))]
+               (values (car val) (cdr val))
+               (values (cdr val) (car val))))
+         (define new-undep (undep-proj+blame orig-undep neg-party))
+         (define new-dep-ctc (coerce-contract
+                              'cons/dc
+                              (dep-proc (undep-proj+indy-blame orig-undep neg-party))))
+         (define new-dep (((get/build-late-neg-projection new-dep-ctc)
+                           (if forwards? cdr-blame car-blame))
+                          orig-dep
+                          neg-party))
+         (if forwards?
+             (cons new-undep new-dep)
+             (cons new-dep new-undep))]
         [else
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (raise-not-cons-blame-error blame val #:missing-party neg-party))]))))
+         (raise-not-cons-blame-error blame val #:missing-party neg-party)]))))
 
 (define (cons/dc-name ctc)
   (define info (the-cons/dc-name-info ctc))
@@ -1079,7 +1073,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:flat-contract
   (build-flat-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection cons/dc-val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection cons/dc-late-neg-projection
    #:name cons/dc-name
    #:first-order cons/dc-first-order
    #:stronger cons/dc-stronger?
@@ -1089,7 +1083,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:chaperone-contract
   (build-chaperone-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection cons/dc-val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection cons/dc-late-neg-projection
    #:name cons/dc-name
    #:first-order cons/dc-first-order
    #:stronger cons/dc-stronger?
@@ -1099,7 +1093,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection cons/dc-val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection cons/dc-late-neg-projection
    #:name cons/dc-name
    #:first-order cons/dc-first-order
    #:stronger cons/dc-stronger?
@@ -1240,37 +1234,34 @@
    #:generate list/c-generate
    #:exercise list/c-exercise
    #:stronger list/c-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection
    (λ (c) 
-     (λ (blame) 
+     (λ (blame)
        (define projs 
          (for/list ([ctc (in-list (generic-list/c-args c))]
                     [i (in-naturals 1)])
-           ((get/build-val-first-projection ctc)
+           ((get/build-late-neg-projection ctc)
             (add-list-context blame i))))
-       (define expected-length (length (generic-list/c-args c)))
-       (λ (val) 
+       (define args (generic-list/c-args c))
+       (define expected-length (length args))
+       (λ (val neg-party) 
          (cond
            [(list? val)
-            (define args (generic-list/c-args c))
             (define actual-length (length val))
             (cond
               [(= actual-length expected-length)
-               (λ (neg-party)
-                 (for ([proj (in-list projs)]
-                       [ele (in-list val)])
-                   ((proj ele) neg-party))
-                 val)]
+               (for ([proj (in-list projs)]
+                     [ele (in-list val)])
+                 (proj ele neg-party))
+               val]
               [else
-               (λ (neg-party)
-                 (expected-a-list-of-len val actual-length expected-length blame 
-                                         #:missing-party neg-party))])]
+               (expected-a-list-of-len val actual-length expected-length blame 
+                                       #:missing-party neg-party)])]
            [else
-            (λ (neg-party)
-              (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
-                                 val
-                                 '(expected "a list" given: "~e") 
-                                 val))]))))
+            (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
+                               val
+                               '(expected "a list" given: "~e") 
+                               val)]))))
    #:projection
    (lambda (c)
      (lambda (blame)
@@ -1327,30 +1318,27 @@
         (if (= actual 1) "" "s")
         x)])))
 
-(define (list/c-chaperone/other-val-first-projection c)
-  (define projs (map get/build-val-first-projection (generic-list/c-args c)))
+(define (list/c-chaperone/other-late-neg-projection c)
+  (define projs (map get/build-late-neg-projection (generic-list/c-args c)))
   (define expected (length projs))
   (λ (blame)
     (define p-apps (for/list ([proj (in-list projs)] 
                               [i (in-naturals 1)])
                      (proj (add-list-context blame i))))
-    (λ (val)
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       (cond
         [(list? val)
          (define actual (length val))
          (cond
            [(= actual expected)
-            (λ (neg-party)
-              (for/list ([item (in-list val)]
-                         [p-app (in-list p-apps)])
-                ((p-app item) neg-party)))]
+            (for/list ([item (in-list val)]
+                       [p-app (in-list p-apps)])
+              (p-app item neg-party))]
            [else
-            (λ (neg-party)
-              (expected-a-list-of-len val actual expected blame
-                                      #:missing-party neg-party))])]
+            (expected-a-list-of-len val actual expected blame
+                                    #:missing-party neg-party)])]
         [else
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (expected-a-list val blame #:missing-party neg-party))]))))
+         (expected-a-list val blame #:missing-party neg-party)]))))
 
 (define (add-list-context blame i)
   (blame-add-context blame (format "the ~a~a element of"
@@ -1372,7 +1360,7 @@
      #:exercise list/c-exercise
      #:stronger list/c-stronger
      #:projection list/c-chaperone/other-projection
-     #:val-first-projection list/c-chaperone/other-val-first-projection
+     #:late-neg-projection list/c-chaperone/other-late-neg-projection
      #:list-contract? (λ (c) #t))))
 
 (struct higher-order-list/c generic-list/c ()
@@ -1385,7 +1373,7 @@
    #:exercise list/c-exercise
    #:stronger list/c-stronger
    #:projection list/c-chaperone/other-projection
-   #:val-first-projection list/c-chaperone/other-val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection list/c-chaperone/other-late-neg-projection
    #:list-contract? (λ (c) #t)))
 
 (struct syntax-ctc (ctc)
@@ -1416,30 +1404,28 @@
       [else
        (promise-ctc ctc)])))
 
-(define (promise-contract-val-first-proj ctc)
+(define (promise-contract-late-neg-proj ctc)
   (define chap? (chaperone-promise-ctc? ctc))
   (define c/i-struct (if chap? chaperone-struct impersonate-struct))
   (define c/i-procedure (if chap? chaperone-procedure impersonate-procedure))
-  (define ctc-proc (get/build-val-first-projection (promise-base-ctc-ctc ctc)))
+  (define ctc-proc (get/build-late-neg-projection (promise-base-ctc-ctc ctc)))
   (λ (blame)
     (define p-app (ctc-proc (blame-add-context blame "the promise from")))
-    (λ (val)
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       (if (promise? val)
-          (λ (neg-party)
-            (c/i-struct
-             val
-             promise-forcer
-             (λ (_ proc)
-               (c/i-procedure
-                proc
-                (λ (promise)
-                  (values (λ (val) ((p-app val) neg-party)) promise))))))
-          (λ (neg-party)
-            (raise-blame-error
-             blame #:missing-party neg-party
-             val
-             '(expected: "<promise>" given: "~e")
-             val))))))
+          (c/i-struct
+           val
+           promise-forcer
+           (λ (_ proc)
+             (c/i-procedure
+              proc
+              (λ (promise)
+                (values (λ (val) (p-app val neg-party)) promise)))))
+          (raise-blame-error
+           blame #:missing-party neg-party
+           val
+           '(expected: "<promise>" given: "~e")
+           val)))))
 
 (define (promise-contract-name ctc)
   (build-compound-type-name 'promise/c (promise-base-ctc-ctc ctc)))
@@ -1455,7 +1441,7 @@
   #:property prop:chaperone-contract
   (build-chaperone-contract-property
    #:name promise-contract-name
-   #:val-first-projection promise-contract-val-first-proj
+   #:late-neg-projection promise-contract-late-neg-proj
    #:stronger promise-ctc-stronger?
    #:first-order (λ (ctc) promise?)))
 (struct promise-ctc promise-base-ctc ()
@@ -1463,7 +1449,7 @@
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
    #:name promise-contract-name
-   #:val-first-projection promise-contract-val-first-proj
+   #:late-neg-projection promise-contract-late-neg-proj
    #:stronger promise-ctc-stronger?
    #:first-order (λ (ctc) promise?)))
 
@@ -1509,31 +1495,29 @@
                 partial-pos-contract)]
               [else
                (raise-blame-error blame val '(expected "a parameter"))])))))
-   #:val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection
    (λ (ctc)
-     (define in-proc (contract-projection (parameter/c-in ctc)))
-     (define out-proc (contract-projection (parameter/c-out ctc)))
+     (define in-proc (get/build-late-neg-projection (parameter/c-in ctc)))
+     (define out-proc (get/build-late-neg-projection (parameter/c-out ctc)))
      (λ (blame)
        (define blame/c (blame-add-context blame "the parameter of"))
-       (define swapped (blame-swap blame/c))
-       (λ (val)
+       (define in-proj (in-proc (blame-swap blame/c)))
+       (define out-proj (out-proc blame/c))
+       (λ (val neg-party)
          (cond
            [(parameter? val)
-            (λ (neg-party)
-              (define (add-profiling f)
-                (λ (x)
-                  (with-continuation-mark contract-continuation-mark-key
-                    (cons blame neg-party)
-                    (f x))))
-              (make-derived-parameter
-               val
-               ;; unfortunately expensive
-               (add-profiling (in-proc (blame-add-missing-party swapped neg-party)))
-               (add-profiling (out-proc (blame-add-missing-party blame/c neg-party)))))]
+            (define (add-profiling f)
+              (λ (x)
+                (with-continuation-mark contract-continuation-mark-key
+                  (cons blame/c neg-party)
+                  (f x neg-party))))
+            (make-derived-parameter
+             val
+             (add-profiling in-proj)
+             (add-profiling out-proj))]
            [else
-            (λ (neg-party)
-              (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
-                                 val '(expected "a parameter")))]))))
+            (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
+                               val '(expected "a parameter"))]))))
 
    #:name
    (λ (ctc) (apply build-compound-type-name
@@ -1584,7 +1568,7 @@
 
 (define (get-any? c) any?)
 (define (any? x) #t)
-(define any/c-neg-party-fn (λ (val) (λ (neg-party) val)))
+(define any/c-neg-party-fn (λ (val neg-party) val))
 
 (define (random-any/c env fuel)
   (define env-hash (contract-random-generate-env-hash env))
@@ -1624,7 +1608,7 @@
   #:property prop:flat-contract
   (build-flat-contract-property
    #:projection get-any-projection
-   #:val-first-projection (λ (ctc) (λ (blame) any/c-neg-party-fn))
+   #:late-neg-projection (λ (ctc) (λ (blame) any/c-neg-party-fn))
    #:stronger (λ (this that) (any/c? that))
    #:name (λ (ctc) 'any/c)
    #:generate (λ (ctc) 
@@ -1648,7 +1632,7 @@
        (none/c-name ctc)
        val))))
 
-(define ((((none-curried-val-first-proj ctc) blame) val) neg-party)
+(define (((none-curried-late-neg-proj ctc) blame) val neg-party)
   (raise-blame-error
    blame #:missing-party neg-party
    val
@@ -1662,7 +1646,7 @@
   #:property prop:flat-contract
   (build-flat-contract-property
    #:projection none-curried-proj
-   #:val-first-projection none-curried-val-first-proj
+   #:late-neg-projection none-curried-late-neg-proj
    #:stronger (λ (this that) #t)
    #:name (λ (ctc) (none/c-name ctc))
    #:first-order (λ (ctc) (λ (val) #f))))
@@ -1731,52 +1715,51 @@
              impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
              impersonator-prop:blame blame))))
 
-(define ((prompt-tag/c-val-first-proj chaperone?) ctc)
+(define ((prompt-tag/c-late-neg-proj chaperone?) ctc)
   (define proxy (if chaperone? chaperone-prompt-tag impersonate-prompt-tag))
   (define proc-proxy (if chaperone? chaperone-procedure impersonate-procedure))
   (define ho-projs
-    (map get/build-val-first-projection (base-prompt-tag/c-ctcs ctc)))
+    (map get/build-late-neg-projection (base-prompt-tag/c-ctcs ctc)))
   (define call/cc-projs
-    (map get/build-val-first-projection (base-prompt-tag/c-call/ccs ctc)))
+    (map get/build-late-neg-projection (base-prompt-tag/c-call/ccs ctc)))
   (λ (blame)
     (define swapped (blame-swap blame))
     (define ho-neg-projs (for/list ([proj (in-list ho-projs)]) (proj swapped)))
     (define ho-pos-projs (for/list ([proj (in-list ho-projs)]) (proj blame)))
     (define cc-neg-projs (for/list ([proj (in-list call/cc-projs)]) (proj swapped)))
     (define cc-pos-projs (for/list ([proj (in-list call/cc-projs)]) (proj blame)))
-    (λ (val)
-      (define (make-proj projs neg-party)
-        (λ vs
-          (define vs2 (for/list ([proj projs] [v vs])
-                        ((proj v) neg-party)))
-          (apply values vs2)))
+    (define (make-proj projs neg-party)
+      (λ vs
+        (apply values
+               (for/list ([proj (in-list projs)]
+                          [v (in-list vs)])
+                 (proj v neg-party)))))
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       ;; now do the actual wrapping
       (cond
         [(continuation-prompt-tag? val)
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           ;; prompt/abort projections
-           (define proj1 (make-proj ho-pos-projs neg-party))
-           (define proj2 (make-proj ho-neg-projs neg-party))
-           ;; call/cc projections
-           (define call/cc-guard (make-proj cc-pos-projs neg-party))
-           (define call/cc-proxy
-             (λ (f)
-               (proc-proxy
-                f
-                (λ args
-                  (apply values (make-proj cc-neg-projs neg-party) args)))))
-           (proxy val
-                  proj1 proj2
-                  call/cc-guard call/cc-proxy
-                  impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
-                  impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party)))]
+         ;; prompt/abort projections
+         (define proj1 (make-proj ho-pos-projs neg-party))
+         (define proj2 (make-proj ho-neg-projs neg-party))
+         ;; call/cc projections
+         (define call/cc-guard (make-proj cc-pos-projs neg-party))
+         (define call/cc-proxy
+           (λ (f)
+             (proc-proxy
+              f
+              (λ args
+                (apply values (make-proj cc-neg-projs neg-party) args)))))
+         (proxy val
+                proj1 proj2
+                call/cc-guard call/cc-proxy
+                impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
+                impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party))]
         [else
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (raise-blame-error
-            blame #:missing-party neg-party val
-            '(expected: "~s" given: "~e")
-            (contract-name ctc)
-            val))]))))
+         (raise-blame-error
+          blame #:missing-party neg-party val
+          '(expected: "~s" given: "~e")
+          (contract-name ctc)
+          val)]))))
 
 (define (prompt-tag/c-stronger? this that)
   (and (base-prompt-tag/c? that)
@@ -1794,7 +1777,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:chaperone-contract
   (build-chaperone-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection (prompt-tag/c-val-first-proj #t)
+   #:late-neg-projection (prompt-tag/c-late-neg-proj #t)
    #:projection (prompt-tag/c-proj #t)
    #:first-order (λ (ctc) continuation-prompt-tag?)
    #:stronger prompt-tag/c-stronger?
@@ -1804,7 +1787,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection (prompt-tag/c-val-first-proj #f)
+   #:late-neg-projection (prompt-tag/c-late-neg-proj #f)
    #:projection (prompt-tag/c-proj #f)
    #:first-order (λ (ctc) continuation-prompt-tag?)
    #:stronger prompt-tag/c-stronger?
@@ -1841,31 +1824,29 @@
              impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
              impersonator-prop:blame blame))))
 
-(define ((continuation-mark-key/c-val-first-proj proxy) ctc)
+(define ((continuation-mark-key/c-late-neg-proj proxy) ctc)
   (define ho-proj
-    (get/build-val-first-projection (base-continuation-mark-key/c-ctc ctc)))
+    (get/build-late-neg-projection (base-continuation-mark-key/c-ctc ctc)))
   (λ (blame)
     (define swapped (blame-swap blame))
     (define proj1 (ho-proj blame))
     (define proj2 (ho-proj (blame-swap blame)))
-    (λ (val)
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       (cond
         [(continuation-mark-key? val)
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (proxy val 
-                  (λ (v) ((proj1 v) neg-party))
-                  (λ (v) ((proj2 v) neg-party))
-                  impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
-                  impersonator-prop:blame blame))]
+         (proxy val 
+                (λ (v) (proj1 v neg-party))
+                (λ (v) (proj2 v neg-party))
+                impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
+                impersonator-prop:blame blame)]
         [else 
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (unless (contract-first-order-passes? ctc val)
-             (raise-blame-error
-              blame #:missing-party neg-party
-              val
-              '(expected: "~s" given: "~e")
-              (contract-name ctc)
-              val)))]))))
+         (unless (contract-first-order-passes? ctc val)
+           (raise-blame-error
+            blame #:missing-party neg-party
+            val
+            '(expected: "~s" given: "~e")
+            (contract-name ctc)
+            val))]))))
 
 (define (continuation-mark-key/c-stronger? this that)
   (and (base-continuation-mark-key/c? that)
@@ -1881,7 +1862,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:chaperone-contract
   (build-chaperone-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection (continuation-mark-key/c-val-first-proj chaperone-continuation-mark-key)
+   #:late-neg-projection (continuation-mark-key/c-late-neg-proj chaperone-continuation-mark-key)
    #:projection (continuation-mark-key/c-proj chaperone-continuation-mark-key)
    #:first-order (λ (ctc) continuation-mark-key?)
    #:stronger continuation-mark-key/c-stronger?
@@ -1893,7 +1874,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection (continuation-mark-key/c-val-first-proj impersonate-continuation-mark-key)
+   #:late-neg-projection (continuation-mark-key/c-late-neg-proj impersonate-continuation-mark-key)
    #:projection (continuation-mark-key/c-proj impersonate-continuation-mark-key)
    #:first-order (λ (ctc) continuation-mark-key?)
    #:stronger continuation-mark-key/c-stronger?
@@ -1995,30 +1976,28 @@
              impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
              impersonator-prop:blame blame))))
 
-(define ((channel/c-val-first-proj proxy) ctc)
+(define ((channel/c-late-neg-proj proxy) ctc)
   (define ho-proj
-    (get/build-val-first-projection (base-channel/c-ctc ctc)))
+    (get/build-late-neg-projection (base-channel/c-ctc ctc)))
   (λ (blame)
     (define pos-proj (ho-proj blame))
     (define neg-proj (ho-proj (blame-swap blame)))
-    (define (proj1 neg-party) (λ (ch) (values ch (λ (v) ((pos-proj v) neg-party)))))
-    (define (proj2 neg-party) (λ (ch v) ((neg-proj v) neg-party)))
-    (λ (val)
+    (define (proj1 neg-party) (λ (ch) (values ch (λ (v) (pos-proj v neg-party)))))
+    (define (proj2 neg-party) (λ (ch v) (neg-proj v neg-party)))
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       (cond
         [(channel? val)
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (proxy val 
-                  (proj1 neg-party)
-                  (proj2 neg-party)
-                  impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
-                  impersonator-prop:blame blame))]
+         (proxy val 
+                (proj1 neg-party)
+                (proj2 neg-party)
+                impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
+                impersonator-prop:blame blame)]
         [else
-         (λ (neg-party)
-           (raise-blame-error
-            blame #:missing-party neg-party
-            val '(expected: "~s" given: "~e")
-            (contract-name ctc)
-            val))]))))
+         (raise-blame-error
+          blame #:missing-party neg-party
+          val '(expected: "~s" given: "~e")
+          (contract-name ctc)
+          val)]))))
 
 (define (channel/c-first-order ctc) channel?)
 
@@ -2035,7 +2014,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:chaperone-contract
   (build-chaperone-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection (channel/c-val-first-proj chaperone-channel)
+   #:late-neg-projection (channel/c-late-neg-proj chaperone-channel)
    #:projection (channel/c-proj chaperone-channel)
    #:first-order channel/c-first-order
    #:stronger channel/c-stronger?
@@ -2046,7 +2025,7 @@
   #:property prop:custom-write custom-write-property-proc
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
-   #:val-first-projection (channel/c-val-first-proj impersonate-channel)
+   #:late-neg-projection (channel/c-late-neg-proj impersonate-channel)
    #:projection (channel/c-proj impersonate-channel)
    #:first-order channel/c-first-order
    #:stronger channel/c-stronger?
@@ -2086,6 +2065,9 @@
 (define (contract-val-first-projection ctc)
   (contract-struct-val-first-projection
    (coerce-contract 'contract-projection ctc)))
+(define (contract-late-neg-projection ctc)
+  (contract-struct-late-neg-projection
+   (coerce-contract 'contract-projection ctc)))
 
 (define (get/build-val-first-projection ctc)
   (or (contract-struct-val-first-projection ctc)
@@ -2097,6 +2079,14 @@
                ((p (blame-add-missing-party blme neg-party)) val)))
            (string->symbol (format "val-first: ~s" (contract-name ctc))))))))
 
+(define (get/build-late-neg-projection ctc)
+  (or (contract-struct-late-neg-projection ctc)
+      (let ([p (contract-projection ctc)])
+        (λ (blme)
+          (procedure-rename
+           (λ (val neg-party)
+             ((p (blame-add-missing-party blme neg-party)) val))
+           (string->symbol (format "late-neg: ~s" (contract-name ctc))))))))
 
 (define (flat-contract predicate) (coerce-flat-contract 'flat-contract predicate))
 (define (flat-named-contract name pre-contract [generate #f])
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/orc.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/orc.rkt
index 63f5ed95a6..d1ee02c67f 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/orc.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/orc.rkt
@@ -68,15 +68,15 @@
           [(pred val) val]
           [else (partial-contract val)])))))
 
-(define (single-or/c-val-first-projection ctc)
-  (define c-proj (get/build-val-first-projection (single-or/c-ho-ctc ctc)))
+(define (single-or/c-late-neg-projection ctc)
+  (define c-proj (get/build-late-neg-projection (single-or/c-ho-ctc ctc)))
   (define pred (single-or/c-pred ctc))
   (λ (blame)
     (define p-app (c-proj (blame-add-or-context blame)))
-    (λ (val)
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       (if (pred val)
-          (λ (neg-party) val)
-          (p-app val)))))
+          val
+          (p-app val neg-party)))))
 
 (define (blame-add-or-context blame)
   (blame-add-context blame "a part of the or/c of"))
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@
   (parameterize ([skip-projection-wrapper? #t])
     (build-chaperone-contract-property
      #:projection single-or/c-projection
-     #:val-first-projection single-or/c-val-first-projection
+     #:late-neg-projection single-or/c-late-neg-projection
      #:name single-or/c-name
      #:first-order single-or/c-first-order
      #:stronger single-or/c-stronger?
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
    #:projection single-or/c-projection
-   #:val-first-projection single-or/c-val-first-projection
+   #:late-neg-projection single-or/c-late-neg-projection
    #:name single-or/c-name
    #:first-order single-or/c-first-order
    #:stronger single-or/c-stronger?
@@ -273,21 +273,22 @@
                       candidate-proc
                       candidate-contract)]))])))))
 
-(define (multi-or/c-val-first-proj ctc)  
+(define (multi-or/c-late-neg-proj ctc)  
   (define ho-contracts (multi-or/c-ho-ctcs ctc))
-  (define c-projs (map get/build-val-first-projection ho-contracts))
+  (define c-projs (map get/build-late-neg-projection ho-contracts))
   (define first-order-checks (map (λ (x) (contract-first-order x)) ho-contracts))
   (define predicates (map flat-contract-predicate (multi-or/c-flat-ctcs ctc)))
   (λ (blame)
     (define blame-w-context (blame-add-or-context blame))
-    (λ (val)
+    (define c-projs+blame (map (λ (c-proj) (c-proj blame-w-context)) c-projs))
+    (λ (val neg-party)
       (cond
         [(for/or ([pred (in-list predicates)])
            (pred val))
-         (λ (neg-party) val)]
+         val]
         [else
          (let loop ([checks first-order-checks]
-                    [c-projs c-projs]
+                    [c-projs c-projs+blame]
                     [contracts ho-contracts]
                     [candidate-c-proj #f]
                     [candidate-contract #f])
@@ -295,22 +296,20 @@
              [(null? checks)
               (cond
                 [candidate-c-proj
-                 ((candidate-c-proj blame-w-context) val)]
+                 (candidate-c-proj val neg-party)]
                 [else
-                 (λ (neg-party)
-                   (raise-blame-error blame val #:missing-party neg-party
-                                      '("none of the branches of the or/c matched" given: "~e")
-                                      val))])]
+                 (raise-blame-error blame val #:missing-party neg-party
+                                    '("none of the branches of the or/c matched" given: "~e")
+                                    val)])]
              [((car checks) val)
               (if candidate-c-proj
-                  (λ (neg-party)
-                    (raise-blame-error blame val #:missing-party neg-party
-                                       '("two of the clauses in the or/c might both match: ~s and ~s"
-                                         given:
-                                         "~e")
-                                       (contract-name candidate-contract)
-                                       (contract-name (car contracts))
-                                       val))
+                  (raise-blame-error blame val #:missing-party neg-party
+                                     '("two of the clauses in the or/c might both match: ~s and ~s"
+                                       given:
+                                       "~e")
+                                     (contract-name candidate-contract)
+                                     (contract-name (car contracts))
+                                     val)
                   (loop (cdr checks)
                         (cdr c-projs)
                         (cdr contracts)
@@ -359,7 +358,7 @@
   (parameterize ([skip-projection-wrapper? #t])
     (build-chaperone-contract-property
      #:projection multi-or/c-proj
-     #:val-first-projection multi-or/c-val-first-proj
+     #:late-neg-projection multi-or/c-late-neg-proj
      #:name multi-or/c-name
      #:first-order multi-or/c-first-order
      #:stronger multi-or/c-stronger?
@@ -374,7 +373,7 @@
   #:property prop:contract
   (build-contract-property
    #:projection multi-or/c-proj
-   #:val-first-projection multi-or/c-val-first-proj
+   #:late-neg-projection multi-or/c-late-neg-proj
    #:name multi-or/c-name
    #:first-order multi-or/c-first-order
    #:stronger multi-or/c-stronger?
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/prop.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/prop.rkt
index 5262383059..cadcc3074d 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/prop.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/prop.rkt
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
          contract-struct-first-order
          contract-struct-projection
          contract-struct-val-first-projection
+         contract-struct-late-neg-projection
          contract-struct-stronger?
          contract-struct-generate
          contract-struct-exercise
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@
                                    generate
                                    exercise
                                    val-first-projection
+                                   late-neg-projection
                                    list-contract? ]
   #:omit-define-syntaxes)
 
@@ -106,6 +108,12 @@
   (and get-projection 
        (get-projection c)))
 
+(define (contract-struct-late-neg-projection c)
+  (define prop (contract-struct-property c))
+  (define get-projection (contract-property-late-neg-projection prop))
+  (and get-projection 
+       (get-projection c)))
+
 (define trail (make-parameter #f))
 (define (contract-struct-stronger? a b)
   (define prop (contract-struct-property a))
@@ -255,6 +263,7 @@
          #:first-order [get-first-order #f]
          #:projection [get-projection #f]
          #:val-first-projection [get-val-first-projection #f]
+         #:late-neg-projection [get-late-neg-projection #f]
          #:stronger [stronger #f]
          #:generate [generate (λ (ctc) (λ (fuel) #f))]
          #:exercise [exercise (λ (ctc) (λ (fuel) (values void '())))]
@@ -289,7 +298,8 @@
     (mk get-name get-first-order
         get-projection stronger 
         generate exercise 
-        get-val-first-projection 
+        get-val-first-projection
+        get-late-neg-projection
         list-contract?)))
 
 (define build-contract-property
@@ -372,7 +382,8 @@
 ;;
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
-(define-struct make-contract [ name first-order projection val-first-projection 
+(define-struct make-contract [ name first-order projection
+                                    val-first-projection late-neg-projection 
                                     stronger generate exercise list-contract? ]
   #:omit-define-syntaxes
   #:property prop:custom-write
@@ -386,12 +397,14 @@
    #:first-order (lambda (c) (make-contract-first-order c))
    #:projection (lambda (c) (make-contract-projection c))
    #:val-first-projection (lambda (c) (make-contract-val-first-projection c))
+   #:late-neg-projection (lambda (c) (make-contract-late-neg-projection c))
    #:stronger (lambda (a b) ((make-contract-stronger a) a b))
    #:generate (lambda (c) (make-contract-generate c))
    #:exercise (lambda (c) (make-contract-exercise c))
    #:list-contract? (λ (c) (make-contract-list-contract? c))))
 
-(define-struct make-chaperone-contract [ name first-order projection val-first-projection
+(define-struct make-chaperone-contract [ name first-order projection
+                                              val-first-projection late-neg-projection
                                               stronger generate exercise list-contract? ]
   #:omit-define-syntaxes
   #:property prop:custom-write
@@ -405,12 +418,14 @@
    #:first-order (lambda (c) (make-chaperone-contract-first-order c))
    #:projection (lambda (c) (make-chaperone-contract-projection c))
    #:val-first-projection (lambda (c) (make-chaperone-contract-val-first-projection c))
+   #:late-neg-projection (lambda (c) (make-chaperone-contract-late-neg-projection c))
    #:stronger (lambda (a b) ((make-chaperone-contract-stronger a) a b))
    #:generate (lambda (c) (make-chaperone-contract-generate c))
    #:exercise (lambda (c) (make-chaperone-contract-exercise c))
    #:list-contract? (λ (c) (make-chaperone-contract-list-contract? c))))
 
-(define-struct make-flat-contract [ name first-order projection val-first-projection
+(define-struct make-flat-contract [ name first-order projection
+                                         val-first-projection late-neg-projection
                                          stronger generate exercise list-contract? ]
   #:omit-define-syntaxes
   #:property prop:custom-write
@@ -423,6 +438,7 @@
    #:name (lambda (c) (make-flat-contract-name c))
    #:first-order (lambda (c) (make-flat-contract-first-order c))
    #:val-first-projection (λ (c) (make-flat-contract-val-first-projection c))
+   #:late-neg-projection (λ (c) (make-flat-contract-late-neg-projection c))
    #:projection (lambda (c) (make-flat-contract-projection c))
    #:stronger (lambda (a b) ((make-flat-contract-stronger a) a b))
    #:generate (lambda (c) (make-flat-contract-generate c))
@@ -434,6 +450,7 @@
          #:first-order [first-order #f]
          #:projection [projection #f]
          #:val-first-projection [val-first-projection #f]
+         #:late-neg-projection [late-neg-projection #f]
          #:stronger [stronger #f]
          #:generate [generate (λ (ctc) (λ (fuel) #f))]
          #:exercise [exercise (λ (ctc) (λ (fuel) (values void '())))]
@@ -448,7 +465,7 @@
          [stronger (or stronger as-strong?)])
 
     (mk name first-order 
-        projection val-first-projection
+        projection val-first-projection late-neg-projection
         stronger 
         generate exercise
         list-contract?)))
diff --git a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/vector.rkt b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/vector.rkt
index 8074870d61..f5db23de87 100644
--- a/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/vector.rkt
+++ b/racket/collects/racket/contract/private/vector.rkt
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@
             (fail val '(expected: "~s for element ~s" given: "~e") (contract-name elem-ctc) n e))))
       #t)))
 
-(define (check-val-first-vectorof c) 
+(define (check-late-neg-vectorof c)
   (define immutable (base-vectorof-immutable c))
-  (λ (val blame)
+  (λ (val blame neg-party)
     (cond
       [(vector? val) 
        (cond
@@ -78,23 +78,20 @@
           (cond
             [(immutable? val) #f]
             [else
-             (λ (neg-party)
-               (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
-                                  val '(expected "an immutable vector" given: "~e") val))])]
+             (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
+                                val '(expected "an immutable vector" given: "~e") val)])]
          [(eq? immutable #f)
           (cond
             [(immutable? val) 
-             (λ (neg-party)
-               (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
-                                  val '(expected "an mutable vector" given: "~e" val)))]
+             (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
+                                val '(expected "an mutable vector" given: "~e" val))]
             [else #f])]
          [else #f])]
       [else
-       (λ (neg-party)
-         (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
-                            val
-                            '(expected "a vector," given: "~e") 
-                            val))])))
+       (raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party
+                          val
+                          '(expected "a vector," given: "~e") 
+                          val)])))
 
 (define (vectorof-first-order ctc)
   (let ([check (check-vectorof ctc)])
@@ -126,29 +123,28 @@
   (build-flat-contract-property
    #:name vectorof-name
    #:first-order vectorof-first-order
-   #:val-first-projection (λ (ctc) 
-                            (define check (check-val-first-vectorof ctc))
-                            (define vfp (get/build-val-first-projection (base-vectorof-elem ctc)))
-                            (λ (blame)
-                              (define ele-blame (blame-add-element-of-context blame))
-                              (define vfp+blame (vfp ele-blame))
-                              (λ (val) 
-                                (or (check val blame)
-                                    (λ (neg-party)
-                                      (for ([x (in-vector val)])
-                                        ((vfp+blame x) neg-party))
-                                      val)))))
+   #:late-neg-projection (λ (ctc) 
+                           (define check (check-late-neg-vectorof ctc))
+                           (define vfp (get/build-late-neg-projection (base-vectorof-elem ctc)))
+                           (λ (blame)
+                             (define ele-blame (blame-add-element-of-context blame))
+                             (define vfp+blame (vfp ele-blame))
+                             (λ (val neg-party)
+                               (check val blame neg-party)
+                               (for ([x (in-vector val)])
+                                 (vfp+blame x neg-party))
+                               val)))
    #:stronger vectorof-stronger
    #:projection 
    (λ (ctc) 
      (define check (check-vectorof ctc))
      (λ (blame) 
-       (define raise-blame (λ (val . args) 
-                              (apply raise-blame-error blame val args)))
+       (define raise-blame (λ (val . args) (apply raise-blame-error blame val args)))
+       (define ele-blame (blame-add-element-of-context blame))
        (λ (val)
          (check val raise-blame #f)
          (let* ([elem-ctc (base-vectorof-elem ctc)]
-                [p ((contract-projection elem-ctc) blame)])
+                [p ((contract-projection elem-ctc) ele-blame)])
            (for ([e (in-vector val)])
              (p e)))
          val)))))
@@ -156,7 +152,7 @@
 (define (blame-add-element-of-context blame #:swap? [swap? #f])
   (blame-add-context blame "an element of" #:swap? swap?))
 
-(define (vectorof-val-first-ho-projection chaperone-or-impersonate-vector)
+(define (vectorof-late-neg-ho-projection chaperone-or-impersonate-vector)
   (λ (ctc)
     (define elem-ctc (base-vectorof-elem ctc))
     (define immutable (base-vectorof-immutable ctc))
@@ -164,40 +160,34 @@
     (λ (blame)
       (define pos-blame (blame-add-element-of-context blame))
       (define neg-blame (blame-add-element-of-context blame #:swap? #t))
-      (define vfp (get/build-val-first-projection elem-ctc))
+      (define vfp (get/build-late-neg-projection elem-ctc))
       (define elem-pos-proj (vfp pos-blame))
       (define elem-neg-proj (vfp neg-blame))
       (define checked-ref (λ (neg-party)
                             (λ (vec i val)
-                              (with-continuation-mark
-                               contract-continuation-mark-key
-                               (cons pos-blame neg-party)
-                               ((elem-pos-proj val) neg-party)))))
+                              (with-continuation-mark contract-continuation-mark-key
+                                (cons pos-blame neg-party)
+                                (elem-pos-proj val neg-party)))))
       (define checked-set (λ (neg-party)
                             (λ (vec i val)
-                              (with-continuation-mark
-                               contract-continuation-mark-key
-                               (cons neg-blame neg-party)
-                               ((elem-neg-proj val) neg-party)))))
+                              (with-continuation-mark contract-continuation-mark-key
+                                (cons neg-blame neg-party)
+                                (elem-neg-proj val neg-party)))))
       
-      (λ (val)
-        (let/ec k
-          (define (raise-blame val . args) 
-            (k
-             (λ (neg-party)
-               (apply raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party val args))))
-          (check val raise-blame #f)
-          (λ (neg-party)
-            (if (and (immutable? val) (not (chaperone? val)))
-                 (apply vector-immutable
-                        (for/list ([e (in-vector val)])
-                          ((elem-pos-proj e) neg-party)))
-                 (chaperone-or-impersonate-vector
-                  val
-                  (checked-ref neg-party)
-                  (checked-set neg-party)
-                  impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
-                  impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party)))))))))
+      (λ (val neg-party)
+        (define (raise-blame val . args) 
+          (apply raise-blame-error blame #:missing-party neg-party val args))
+        (check val raise-blame #f)
+        (if (and (immutable? val) (not (chaperone? val)))
+            (apply vector-immutable
+                   (for/list ([e (in-vector val)])
+                     (elem-pos-proj e neg-party)))
+            (chaperone-or-impersonate-vector
+             val
+             (checked-ref neg-party)
+             (checked-set neg-party)
+             impersonator-prop:contracted ctc
+             impersonator-prop:blame (blame-add-missing-party blame neg-party)))))))
 
 (define-values (prop:neg-blame-party prop:neg-blame-party? prop:neg-blame-party-get)
   (make-impersonator-property 'prop:neg-blame-party))
@@ -242,7 +232,7 @@
    #:name vectorof-name
    #:first-order vectorof-first-order
    #:stronger vectorof-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection (vectorof-val-first-ho-projection chaperone-vector)
+   #:late-neg-projection (vectorof-late-neg-ho-projection chaperone-vector)
    #:projection (vectorof-ho-projection chaperone-vector)))
 
 (define-struct (impersonator-vectorof base-vectorof) ()
@@ -252,7 +242,7 @@
    #:name vectorof-name
    #:first-order vectorof-first-order
    #:stronger vectorof-stronger
-   #:val-first-projection (vectorof-val-first-ho-projection chaperone-vector)
+   #:late-neg-projection (vectorof-late-neg-ho-projection chaperone-vector)
    #:projection (vectorof-ho-projection impersonate-vector)))
 
 (define-syntax (wrap-vectorof stx)