diff --git a/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/reference/numbers.scrbl b/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/reference/numbers.scrbl
index 29f1584d73..b7faf77cc6 100644
--- a/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/reference/numbers.scrbl
+++ b/pkgs/racket-doc/scribblings/reference/numbers.scrbl
@@ -1087,17 +1087,19 @@ padded with trailing zeros if necessary).
 
 Converts the machine-format number encoded in @racket[bstr] to an
 exact integer. The @racket[start] and @racket[end] arguments specify
-the substring to decode, where @racket[(- end start)] must be
+the substring to decode, where @racket[(- end start)] must be @racket[1],
 @racket[2], @racket[4], or @racket[8]. If @racket[signed?] is true,
 then the bytes are decoded as a two's-complement number, otherwise it
 is decoded as an unsigned integer. If @racket[big-endian?] is true,
-then the first character's ASCII value provides the most significant
-eight bits of the number, otherwise the first character provides the
-least-significant eight bits, and so on.}
+then the first byte's value provides the most significant
+eight bits of the number, otherwise the first byte provides the
+least-significant eight bits, and so on.
+
+@history[#:changed "6.10.0.1" @elem{Added support for decoding a 1-byte string.}]}
 
 
 @defproc[(integer->integer-bytes [n exact-integer?]
-                                 [size-n (or/c 2 4 8)]
+                                 [size-n (or/c 1 2 4 8)]
                                  [signed? any/c]
                                  [big-endian? any/c (system-big-endian?)]
                                  [dest-bstr (and/c bytes? (not/c immutable?))
@@ -1106,12 +1108,12 @@ least-significant eight bits, and so on.}
           bytes?]{
 
 Converts the exact integer @racket[n] to a machine-format number
-encoded in a byte string of length @racket[size-n], which must be
+encoded in a byte string of length @racket[size-n], which must be @racket[1],
 @racket[2], @racket[4], or @racket[8]. If @racket[signed?] is true,
 then the number is encoded as two's complement, otherwise it is
 encoded as an unsigned bit stream. If @racket[big-endian?] is true,
 then the most significant eight bits of the number are encoded in the
-first character of the resulting byte string, otherwise the
+first byte of the resulting byte string, otherwise the
 least-significant bits are encoded in the first byte, and so on.
 
 The @racket[dest-bstr] argument must be a mutable byte string of
@@ -1119,9 +1121,11 @@ length @racket[size-n]. The encoding of @racket[n] is written into
 @racket[dest-bstr] starting at offset @racket[start], and
 @racket[dest-bstr] is returned as the result.
 
-If @racket[n] cannot be encoded in a string of the requested size and
+If @racket[n] cannot be encoded in a byte string of the requested size and
 format, the @exnraise[exn:fail:contract]. If @racket[dest-bstr] is not
-of length @racket[size-n], the @exnraise[exn:fail:contract].}
+of length @racket[size-n], the @exnraise[exn:fail:contract].
+
+@history[#:changed "6.10.0.1" @elem{Added support for encoding a 1-byte value.}]}
 
 
 @defproc[(floating-point-bytes->real [bstr bytes?]
diff --git a/pkgs/racket-test-core/tests/racket/number.rktl b/pkgs/racket-test-core/tests/racket/number.rktl
index 51c906598a..91e5090120 100644
--- a/pkgs/racket-test-core/tests/racket/number.rktl
+++ b/pkgs/racket-test-core/tests/racket/number.rktl
@@ -2935,7 +2935,9 @@
   (test #x22 integer-bytes->integer (bytes #x22) #f)
   (test #xFE integer-bytes->integer (bytes #xFE) #f)
   (test (- #x7E) integer-bytes->integer (bytes #x82) #t)
-  
+  (test -1 integer-bytes->integer (bytes #xFF) #t)
+  (test 255 integer-bytes->integer (bytes #xFF) #f)
+
   (test 0 integer-bytes->integer #"\0\0" #t)
   (test -1 integer-bytes->integer #"\377\377" #t)
   (test 65535 integer-bytes->integer #"\377\377" #f)
@@ -3021,6 +3023,9 @@
   (test (bytes #x22) integer->integer-bytes #x22 1 #t)
   (test (bytes #xFE) integer->integer-bytes #xFE 1 #f)
   (test (bytes #x82) integer->integer-bytes (- #x7E) 1 #t)
+  (test #"\377" integer->integer-bytes -1 1 #t)
+  (test #"\200" integer->integer-bytes -128 1 #t)
+  (test #"\377" integer->integer-bytes 255 1 #f)
 
   (test #"\0\0" integer->integer-bytes 0 2 #t)
   (test #"\377\377" integer->integer-bytes -1 2 #t)
@@ -3091,6 +3096,10 @@
 (err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes 10 20 #t))
 (err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes 10 2 #t #t 'ack))
 (err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes 10 2 #t #t #"ack")) ; <-- immutable string
+(err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes 256 1 #t) exn:application:mismatch?)
+(err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes -129 1 #t) exn:application:mismatch?)
+(err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes 257 1 #f) exn:application:mismatch?)
+(err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes -1 1 #f) exn:application:mismatch?)
 (err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes 100000 2 #t) exn:application:mismatch?)
 (err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes 65536 2 #f) exn:application:mismatch?)
 (err/rt-test (integer->integer-bytes 32768 2 #t) exn:application:mismatch?)