(module list "pre-base.ss"

  (provide foldl
           foldr

           remv
           remq
           remove
           remv*
           remq*
           remove*

           memf
           assf
           findf

           filter

           sort

           build-vector
           build-string
           build-list)

  ;; used by sort-internal; note that a and b are reversed, to we invert `less?'
  ;; test
  (define (merge-sorted-lists! a b less?)
    (define (loop r a b r-a?) ; r-a? for optimization -- is r connected to a?
      (if (not (less? (mcar b) (mcar a)))
        (begin (when r-a? (set-mcdr! r b))
               (if (null? (mcdr b)) (set-mcdr! b a) (loop b a (mcdr b) #f)))
        ;; (car a) <= (car b)
        (begin (unless r-a? (set-mcdr! r a))
               (if (null? (mcdr a)) (set-mcdr! a b) (loop a (mcdr a) b #t)))))
    (cond [(null? a) b]
          [(null? b) a]
          [(not (less? (mcar b) (mcar a)))
           (if (null? (mcdr b)) (set-mcdr! b a) (loop b a (mcdr b) #f))
           b]
          [else ; (car a) <= (car b)
           (if (null? (mcdr a)) (set-mcdr! a b) (loop a (mcdr a) b #t))
           a]))

  ;; This is a destructive stable merge-sort, adapted from slib and improved by
  ;; Eli Barzilay
  ;; The original source said:
  ;;   It uses a version of merge-sort invented, to the best of my knowledge,
  ;;   by David H. D. Warren, and first used in the DEC-10 Prolog system.
  ;;   R. A. O'Keefe adapted it to work destructively in Scheme.
  ;; but it's a plain destructive merge sort.
  (define (sort-internal lst less? copy? who)
    (define (step n)
      ;; lst is actually reversed when we get here, so all the `less?'
      ;; tests are surrounded by `not':
      (cond [(> n 3) (let* (; let* not really needed with mzscheme's l->r eval
                            [j (quotient n 2)] [a (step j)] [b (step (- n j))])
                       (merge-sorted-lists! a b less?))]
            ;; the following two cases are just explicit treatment of sublists
            ;; of length 2 and 3, could remove both (and use the above case for
            ;; n>1) and it would still work, except a little slower
            [(= n 3) (let ([p lst] [p1 (mcdr lst)] [p2 (mcdr (mcdr lst))])
                       (let ([x (mcar p)] [y (mcar p1)] [z (mcar p2)])
                         (set! lst (mcdr p2))
                         (cond [(not (less? y x)) ; y x
                                (cond [(not (less? z y)) ; z y x
                                       (set-mcar! p  z)
                                       (set-mcar! p1 y)
                                       (set-mcar! p2 x)]
                                      [(not (less? z x)) ; y z x
                                       (set-mcar! p        y)
                                       (set-mcar! p1 z)
                                       (set-mcar! p2 x)]
                                      [else ; y x z
                                       (set-mcar! p  y)
                                       (set-mcar! p1 x)])]
                               [(not (less? z x)) ; z x y
                                (set-mcar! p  z)
                                (set-mcar! p1 x)
                                (set-mcar! p2 y)]
                               [(not (less? z y)) ; x z y
                                (set-mcar! p1 z)
                                (set-mcar! p2 y)])
                         (set-mcdr! p2 '())
                         p))]
            [(= n 2) (let ([x (mcar lst)] [y (mcar (mcdr lst))] [p lst])
                       (set! lst (mcdr (mcdr lst)))
                       (when (not (less? y x)) (set-mcar! p y) (set-mcar! (mcdr p) x))
                       (set-mcdr! (mcdr p) '())
                       p)]
            [(= n 1) (let ([p lst])
                       (set! lst (mcdr lst))
                       (set-mcdr! p '())
                       p)]
            [else '()]))
    (unless (list? lst)
      (raise-type-error 'sort "proper list" lst))
    (unless (and (procedure? less?) (procedure-arity-includes? less? 2))
      (raise-type-error 'sort "procedure of arity 2" less?))
    (let ([n (length lst)])
      (cond [(<= n 1) lst]
            ;; check if the list is already sorted
            ;; (which can be a common case, eg, directory lists).
            [(let loop ([last (car lst)] [next (cdr lst)])
               (or (null? next)
                   (and (not (less? (car next) last))
                        (loop (car next) (cdr next)))))
             lst]
            [else (set! lst 
                        ;; copy + reverse the list:
                        (let loop ([lst lst][a null])
                          (if (null? lst)
                              a
                              (loop (cdr lst)
                                    (mcons (car lst) a)))))
                  ;; Sort:
                  (let ([r (step n)])
                    ;; copy + reverse the result:
                    (let loop ([r r][a null])
                      (if (null? r)
                          a
                          (loop (mcdr r) (cons (mcar r) a)))))])))

  (define (sort  lst less?) (sort-internal lst less? #t 'sort))

  (define (do-remove who item list equal?)
    (unless (list? list)
      (raise-type-error who "list" list))
    (let loop ([list list])
      (cond 
       [(null? list) ()]
       [(equal? item (car list)) (cdr list)]
       [else (cons (car list) (loop (cdr list)))])))

  (define remove
    (case-lambda 
     [(item list) (do-remove 'remove item list equal?)]
     [(item list equal?) 
      (unless (and (procedure? equal?)
                   (procedure-arity-includes? equal? 2))
        (raise-type-error 'remove "procedure (arity 2)" equal?))
      (do-remove 'remove item list equal?)]))

  (define (remq item list)
    (do-remove 'remq item list eq?))

  (define (remv item list)
    (do-remove 'remv item list eqv?))

  (define (do-remove* who l r equal?)
    (unless (list? l)
      (raise-type-error who "list" l))
    (unless (list? r)
      (raise-type-error who "list" r))
    (let rloop ([r r])
      (cond
       [(null? r) null]
       [else (let ([first-r (car r)])
               (let loop ([l-rest l])
                 (cond
                  [(null? l-rest) (cons first-r (rloop (cdr r)))]
                  [(equal? (car l-rest) first-r) (rloop (cdr r))]
                  [else (loop (cdr l-rest))])))])))
  
  (define remove*
    (case-lambda
      [(l r) (do-remove* 'remove* l r equal?)]
      [(l r equal?) 
       (unless (and (procedure? equal?)
                    (procedure-arity-includes? equal? 2))
         (raise-type-error 'remove* "procedure (arity 2)" equal?))
       (do-remove* 'remove* l r equal?)]))

  (define (remq* l r)
    (do-remove* 'remq* l r eq?))

  (define (remv* l r)
    (do-remove* 'remv* l r eqv?))

  (define (memf f list)
    (unless (and (procedure? f) (procedure-arity-includes? f 1))
      (raise-type-error 'memf "procedure (arity 1)" f))
    (let loop ([l list])
      (cond
       [(null? l) #f]
       [(not (pair? l))
        (raise-mismatch-error 'memf
                              "not a proper list: "
                              list)]
       [else (if (f (car l)) l (loop (cdr l)))])))

  (define (findf f list)
    (unless (and (procedure? f) (procedure-arity-includes? f 1))
      (raise-type-error 'findf "procedure (arity 1)" f))
    (let loop ([l list])
      (cond
       [(null? l) #f]
       [(not (pair? l))
        (raise-mismatch-error 'findf
                              "not a proper list: "
                              list)]
       [else (let ([a (car l)])
               (if (f a)
                   a
                   (loop (cdr l))))])))

  (define (assf f list)
    (unless (and (procedure? f) (procedure-arity-includes? f 1))
      (raise-type-error 'assf "procedure (arity 1)" f))
    (let loop ([l list])
      (cond
       [(null? l) #f]
       [(not (pair? l))
        (raise-mismatch-error 'assf
                              "not a proper list: "
                              list)]
       [else (let ([a (car l)])
               (if (pair? a)
                   (if (f (car a)) 
                       a
                       (loop (cdr l)))
                   (raise-mismatch-error 'assf
                                         "found a non-pair in the list: "
                                         a)))])))

  ;; fold : ((A B -> B) B (listof A) -> B)
  ;; fold : ((A1 ... An B -> B) B (listof A1) ... (listof An) -> B)

  ;; foldl builds "B" from the beginning of the list to the end of the
  ;; list and foldr builds the "B" from the end of the list to the
  ;; beginning of the list.

  (define (mapadd f l last)
    (let loop ([l l])
      (if (null? l)
        (list last)
        (cons (f (car l)) (loop (cdr l))))))

  (define foldl
    (case-lambda
      [(f init l)
       (let loop ([init init] [l l])
         (if (null? l) init (loop (f (car l) init) (cdr l))))]
      [(f init l . ls)
       (let loop ([init init] [ls (cons l ls)])
         (cond [(andmap pair? ls)
                (loop (apply f (mapadd car ls init)) (map cdr ls))]
               [(ormap pair? ls)
                (error 'foldl "received non-equal length input lists")]
               [else init]))]))

  (define foldr
    (case-lambda
      [(f init l)
       (let loop ([init init] [l l])
         (if (null? l)
           init
           (f (car l) (loop init (cdr l)))))]
      [(f init l . ls)
       (let loop ([ls (cons l ls)])
         (cond [(andmap pair? ls)
                (apply f (mapadd car ls (loop (map cdr ls))))]
               [(ormap pair? ls)
                (error 'foldr "received non-equal length input lists")]
               [else init]))]))

  (define (filter f list)
    (unless (and (procedure? f)
                 (procedure-arity-includes? f 1))
      (raise-type-error 'filter "procedure (arity 1)" f))
    (unless (list? list)
      (raise-type-error 'filter "proper list" list))
    ;; We use `reverse' because it's easy to
    ;;  overflow the internal stack using natural recursion.
    ;;  It's not clear that it matters, though...
    (let loop ([l list] [result null])
      (cond
       [(null? l) (reverse result)]
       [else (loop (cdr l) (if (f (car l)) (cons (car l) result) result))])))

  ;; (build-vector n f) returns a vector 0..n-1 where the ith element is (f i).
  ;; The eval order is guaranteed to be: 0, 1, 2, ..., n-1.
  ;; eg: (build-vector 4 (lambda (i) i)) ==> #4(0 1 2 3)
  (define (build-vector n fcn)
    (unless (exact-nonnegative-integer? n)
      (raise-type-error 'build-vector "exact-nonnegative-integer" n))
    (unless (and (procedure? fcn)
                 (procedure-arity-includes? fcn 1))
      (raise-type-error 'build-vector "procedure (arity 1)" fcn))
    (let ([vec (make-vector n)])
      (let loop ((i 0))
        (if (= i n)
          vec
          (begin (vector-set! vec i (fcn i)) (loop (add1 i)))))))

  (define (build-string n fcn)
    (unless (exact-nonnegative-integer? n)
      (raise-type-error 'build-string "exact-nonnegative-integer" n))
    (unless (and (procedure? fcn)
                 (procedure-arity-includes? fcn 1))
      (raise-type-error 'build-string "procedure (arity 1)" fcn))
    (let ([str (make-string n)])
      (let loop ((i 0))
        (if (= i n)
            str
            (begin (string-set! str i (fcn i)) (loop (add1 i)))))))
  
  (define (build-list n fcn)
    (unless (exact-nonnegative-integer? n)
      (raise-type-error 'build-list "exact-nonnegative-integer" n))
    (unless (and (procedure? fcn)
                 (procedure-arity-includes? fcn 1))
      (raise-type-error 'build-list "procedure (arity 1)" fcn))
    (if (zero? n)
      '()
      (let loop ([i 0] [a null])
        (if (= i n)
            (reverse a)
            (loop (add1 i)
                  (cons (fcn i) a)))))))