racket/collects/lang/private/teachprims.rkt
2010-05-01 07:23:05 -06:00

522 lines
15 KiB
Racket

#| tests are at plt/collects/tests/mzscheme/
collects/tests/mzscheme/beginner.ss
.../beginner-abbr.ss
.../intermediate.ss
.../intermediate-lambda.ss
.../advanced.ss
Each one has to run separately, since they mangle the top-level
namespace.
|#
;; MF: switched from
;; module teachprims mzscheme
;; to
#lang scheme
(require mzlib/list
mzlib/math
mzlib/etc)
(define-syntax (define-teach stx)
(syntax-case stx ()
[(_ level id expr)
(with-syntax ([level-id (datum->syntax
(syntax id)
(string->symbol
(format "~a-~a"
(syntax->datum (syntax level))
(syntax->datum (syntax id))))
(syntax id))])
(syntax (define level-id
(let ([id expr])
id))))]))
(provide define-teach)
(define-teach beginner list?
(lambda (x)
(or (null? x) (pair? x))))
;; Don't need this anymore, since we just check for pairs:
#;
(define cyclic-list?
(lambda (l)
(or (list? l)
(and (pair? l)
(let loop ([hare (cdr l)][turtle l])
(cond
[(eq? hare turtle) #t]
[(not (pair? hare)) #f]
[(eq? (cdr hare) turtle) #t]
[(not (pair? (cdr hare))) #f]
[else (loop (cddr hare) (cdr turtle))]))))))
(define cyclic-list? beginner-list?)
(define (build-arg-list args)
(let loop ([args args][n 0])
(cond
[(null? args) ""]
[(= n 5) " ..."]
[else
(format " ~e~a" (car args) (loop (cdr args) (add1 n)))])))
(define (mk-check-second ok? type)
(lambda (prim-name a b)
(unless (ok? b)
(raise
(make-exn:fail:contract
(format "~a: second argument must be of type <~a>, given ~e and ~e"
prim-name type
a b)
(current-continuation-marks))))))
(define check-second
(mk-check-second beginner-list? "list"))
(define check-second/cycle
(mk-check-second cyclic-list? "list or cyclic list"))
(define (mk-check-last ok? type)
(lambda (prim-name args)
(let loop ([l args])
(cond
[(null? l) (void)]
[(null? (cdr l))
(let ([last (car l)])
(unless (ok? last)
(raise
(make-exn:fail:contract
(format "~a: last argument must be of type <~a>, given ~e; other args:~a"
prim-name type
last
;; all-but-last:
(build-arg-list
(let loop ([args args])
(cond
[(null? (cdr args)) null]
[else (cons (car args) (loop (cdr args)))]))))
(current-continuation-marks)))))]
[else (loop (cdr l))]))))
(define check-last
(mk-check-last beginner-list? "list"))
(define check-last/cycle
(mk-check-last cyclic-list? "list or cyclic list"))
(define (check-three a b c prim-name ok1? 1type ok2? 2type ok3? 3type)
(let ([bad
(lambda (v which type)
(raise
(make-exn:fail:contract
(format "~a: ~a argument must be of type <~a>, given ~e, ~e, and ~e"
prim-name which type
a b c)
(current-continuation-marks))))])
(unless (ok1? a) (bad a "first" 1type))
(unless (ok2? b) (bad b "second" 2type))
(unless (ok3? c) (bad c "third" 3type))))
(define (positive-real? v)
(and (real? v) (>= v 0)))
(define (false? v) (eq? v #f))
(define-teach beginner not
(lambda (a)
(unless (boolean? a)
(raise
(make-exn:fail:contract
(format "not: expected either true or false; given ~e" a)
(current-continuation-marks))))
(not a)))
(define-teach beginner random
(lambda (a)
(random a)))
(define-teach beginner +
(lambda (a b . args)
(apply + a b args)))
(define-teach beginner /
(lambda (a b . args)
(apply / a b args)))
(define-teach beginner *
(lambda (a b . args)
(apply * a b args)))
(define-teach beginner sqr
(lambda (a)
(unless (number? a)
(raise
(make-exn:fail:contract
(format "sqr: expected number; given ~e" a)
(current-continuation-marks))))
(sqr a)))
(define-teach beginner member
(lambda (a b)
(check-second 'member a b)
(not (boolean? (member a b)))))
(define-teach beginner member?
(lambda (a b)
(check-second 'member? a b)
(not (boolean? (member a b)))))
(define-teach beginner remove
(lambda (a b)
(check-second 'remove a b)
(remove a b)))
(define-teach beginner cons
(lambda (a b)
(check-second 'cons a b)
(cons a b)))
(define-teach beginner list*
(lambda x
(check-last 'list* x)
(apply list* x)))
(define-teach beginner append
(lambda (a b . x)
(check-last 'append (cons a (cons b x)))
(apply append a b x)))
(define-teach intermediate append
(lambda x
(if (null? x)
null
(begin
(check-last 'append x)
(apply append x)))))
(define-teach beginner error
(lambda stuff0
(define-values (f stuff1)
(if (and (cons? stuff0) (symbol? (first stuff0)))
(values (first stuff0) (rest stuff0))
(values false stuff0)))
(error (apply
string-append
(if f (format "~a: " f) "")
(for/list ([ele (in-list stuff1)])
(if (string? ele)
ele
(format "~e" ele)))))))
(define-teach beginner struct?
(lambda (x)
(not (or (number? x)
(boolean? x)
(empty? x)
(pair? x)
(symbol? x)
(string? x)
(procedure? x)
(vector? x)
(char? x)
(port? x)
(eof-object? x)
(void? x)))))
(define-teach beginner exit
(lambda () (exit)))
(define (tequal? a b epsilon)
(let* ([ht (make-hash)] ;; make-hash
[union-find (lambda (a)
(let loop ([prev a]
[prev-prev a])
(let ([v (hash-ref ht prev #f)])
(if v
(loop v prev)
(begin
(let loop ([a a])
(unless (eq? a prev-prev)
(let ([v (hash-ref ht a)])
(hash-set! ht a prev)
(loop v))))
prev)))))]
[union-equal!? (lambda (a b)
(let ([a (union-find a)]
[b (union-find b)])
(if (eq? a b)
#t
(begin
(hash-set! ht b a)
#f))))])
(let ? ([a a][b b])
(cond
[(real? a)
(and (real? b)
(beginner-=~ a b epsilon))]
[(union-equal!? a b) #t]
[else (equal?/recur a b ?)]))))
(define-teach beginner equal?
(lambda (a b)
(equal? a b)))
(define-teach beginner =~
(lambda (a b c)
(check-three a b c '=~ real? 'real real? 'real positive-real? 'non-negative-real)
(<= (- a c) b (+ a c))))
(define-teach beginner equal~?
(lambda (a b c)
(check-three a b c 'equal~? values 'any values 'any positive-real? 'non-negative-real)
(tequal? a b c)))
(define (hocheck name fmt-str . x)
(raise
(make-exn:fail:contract
(string-append (format "~a : " name) (apply format fmt-str x))
(current-continuation-marks))))
(provide hocheck)
(define (do-sort l cmp? name)
(unless (beginner-list? l)
(hocheck name "first argument must be of type <list>, given ~e" l))
(unless (and (procedure? cmp?) (procedure-arity-includes? cmp? 2))
(hocheck name "second argument must be a <procedure> that accepts two arguments, given ~e" cmp?))
(sort l (lambda (x y)
(define r (cmp? x y))
(unless (boolean? r)
(hocheck name "the results of the procedure argument must be of type <boolean>, produced ~e" r))
r)))
(define-teach intermediate quicksort
(lambda (l cmp?)
(do-sort l cmp? 'quicksort)))
(define-teach intermediate sort
(lambda (l cmp?)
(do-sort l cmp? 'sort)))
(define-teach intermediate foldr
(lambda (f e l)
(unless (and (procedure? f) (procedure-arity-includes? f 2))
(hocheck 'foldr "first argument must be a <procedure> that accepts two arguments, given ~e" f))
(unless (beginner-list? l)
(hocheck 'foldr "third argument must be of type <list>, given ~e" l))
(foldr f e l)))
(define-teach intermediate foldl
(lambda (f e l)
(unless (and (procedure? f) (procedure-arity-includes? f 2))
(hocheck 'foldl "first argument must be a <procedure> that accepts two arguments, given ~e" f))
(unless (beginner-list? l)
(hocheck 'foldl "third argument must be of type <list>, given ~e" l))
(foldl f e l)))
(define-teach intermediate build-string
(lambda (n f)
(unless (and (procedure? f) (procedure-arity-includes? f 1))
(hocheck 'build-string "second argument must be a <procedure> that accepts one argument, given ~e" f))
(unless (and (number? n) (integer? n) (>= n 0))
(hocheck 'build-string "first argument must be of type <natural number>, given ~e" n))
(build-string n (lambda (i)
(define r (f i))
(unless (char? r)
(hocheck 'build-string
"second argument must be a <procedure> that produces a <char>, given ~e, which produced ~e for ~e" f r i))
r))))
(define-teach advanced cons
(lambda (a b)
(check-second/cycle 'cons a b)
(cons a b)))
(define-teach advanced list*
(lambda x
(check-last/cycle 'list* x)
(apply list* x)))
(define-teach advanced append
(lambda x
(check-last/cycle 'append x)
(apply append x)))
(provide
false?
beginner-not
beginner-random
beginner-+
beginner-/
beginner-*
beginner-sqr
beginner-list?
beginner-member
beginner-member?
beginner-remove
beginner-cons
beginner-list*
beginner-append
intermediate-append
beginner-error
beginner-struct?
beginner-exit
beginner-equal?
beginner-equal~?
beginner-=~
intermediate-quicksort
intermediate-sort
intermediate-foldr
intermediate-foldl
intermediate-build-string
advanced-cons
advanced-list*
advanced-append
cyclic-list?)
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;; auxiliary stuff, ignore
(define 1-LET "1-letter string")
(define 1-LETTER (format "<~a>" 1-LET))
(define 1-LETTER* (format "<list of ~as>" 1-LET))
(define NAT "<natural number>")
;; Symbol Any -> Boolean
;; is this a 1-letter string?
(define (1-letter? tag s)
(unless (string? s) (err tag "~a expected, not a string: ~e" 1-LETTER s))
(= (string-length s) 1))
;; Symbol Any -> Boolean
;; is s a list of 1-letter strings
;; effect: not a list, not a list of strings
(define (1-letter*? tag s)
(unless (list? s) (err tag "~a expected, not a <list>: ~e" 1-LETTER* s))
(for-each
(lambda (c)
(unless (string? c) (err tag "~a expected, not a <string>: ~e" 1-LETTER* c)))
s)
(andmap (compose (curry = 1) string-length) s))
(define (err tag msg-format . args)
(raise
(make-exn:fail:contract
(apply format (string-append (symbol->string tag) ": " msg-format) args)
(current-continuation-marks))))
(define cerr
(case-lambda
[(tag check-result format-msg actual)
(unless check-result
(err tag (string-append format-msg " expected, given ~e") actual))]
[(tag check-result format-msg actual snd)
(unless check-result
(err tag (string-append format-msg " for ~a argument expected, given ~e")
snd actual))]))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner string-ith
(lambda (s n)
(define f "<exact integer in [0, length of the given string (~s)]>")
(cerr 'string-ith (string? s) "<string>" s "first")
(cerr 'string-ith (and (number? n) (integer? n) (>= n 0)) NAT n "second")
(let ([l (string-length s)])
(cerr 'string-ith (< n l) (format f l) n "second"))
(string (string-ref s n))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner replicate
(lambda (n s1)
(cerr 'replicate (and (number? n) (exact-integer? n) (>= n 0)) NAT n)
(cerr 'replicate (string? s1) "<string>" s1)
(apply string-append (build-list n (lambda (i) s1)))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner int->string
(lambda (i)
(cerr 'int->string
(and (exact-integer? i) (or (<= 0 i 55295) (<= 57344 i 1114111)))
"<exact integer in [0,55295] or [57344 1114111]>"
i)
(string (integer->char i))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner string->int
(lambda (s)
(cerr 'string->int (1-letter? 'string->int s) 1-LETTER s)
(char->integer (string-ref s 0))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner explode
(lambda (s)
(cerr 'explode (string? s) "<string>" s)
(map string (string->list s))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner implode
(lambda (los)
(cerr 'implode (1-letter*? 'implode los) 1-LETTER* los)
(apply string-append los)))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner string-numeric?
;; is this: (number? (string->number s)) enough?
(lambda (s1)
(cerr 'string-numeric? (string? s1) "<string>" s1)
(andmap char-numeric? (string->list s1))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;; I used copying here and I feel awful.
(define-teach beginner string-alphabetic?
(lambda (s1)
(cerr 'string-alphabetic? (string? s1) "<string>" s1)
(andmap char-alphabetic? (string->list s1))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner string-whitespace?
(lambda (s)
(cerr 'string-upper-case? (string? s) "<string>" s)
(andmap char-whitespace? (string->list s))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
;; I copied the next two, and I feel awful, too.
(define-teach beginner string-upper-case?
(lambda (s)
(cerr 'string-upper-case? (string? s) "<string>" s)
(andmap char-upper-case? (string->list s))))
;; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(define-teach beginner string-lower-case?
(lambda (s)
(cerr 'string-lower-case? (string? s) "<string>" s)
(andmap char-lower-case? (string->list s))))
(provide
beginner-string-ith
beginner-replicate
beginner-int->string
beginner-string->int
beginner-explode
beginner-implode
beginner-string-numeric?
beginner-string-alphabetic?
beginner-string-whitespace?
beginner-string-upper-case?
beginner-string-lower-case?)