racket/collects/htdp/servlet2.rkt
2010-08-26 12:11:00 -04:00

587 lines
21 KiB
Racket

#lang scheme
#| TODO -----------------------------------------------------------------------
buttons: multiple points of returns: continuation functions
|#
(require (prefix-in servlet: web-server/servlet-env)
(prefix-in servlet: web-server/servlet)
htdp/error
scheme/tcp
scheme/bool
scheme/list
scheme/match)
(require (for-syntax scheme/base))
(provide single-query ; FormElement -> Answer
queries ; (listof FormElement) -> (listof Answer)
echo-answers ; (listof Answers) -> true
form-query ; Form -> Response
echo-response ; Response -> true
extract/single ; Symbol Response -> Answer
extract ; Symbol Response -> (listof Answer)
inform ; String String *-> true
inform/html ; (listof Xexpr) -> true
final-page ; String String *-> true
; Structures --------------------------------------------------------------
make-password
(rename-out (make-numeric make-number)
(make-check make-boolean))
make-yes-no
make-radio
; make-button
form?
form-element?
;; Advanced API from servlet-env:
send/suspend
send/finish
(rename-out (servlet:extract-binding/single extract-binding/single)
(servlet:extract-bindings extract-bindings))
#| Data Definitions --------------------------------------------------------
FormElement = (union String
(make-password String)
(make-number String)
(make-boolean String)
(make-yes-no String String String)
(make-radio String (cons String (listof String)))
(make-button String))
FormItem = (list Symbol FormElement)
Form = (cons FormItem (listof FormItem))
Answer = (union String Number Boolean)
Response = (listof (list Symbol Answer))
|#
)
; ;;
;;;;; ; ;;; ;;;;; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ;
; ; ;;;; ;;;;; ;;;; ; ; ; ; ;;; ;;; ;;; ;;; ;;; ;;;; ;;;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ;;;; ; ;;;; ;;; ; ;;;; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;;;;;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ; ; ;;; ; ; ; ; ;
;;;;; ;;; ; ;;; ;;; ; ;;; ; ;;;; ;;;; ;;; ; ;;;;; ;;; ; ;;;
#| Documentation ------------------------------------------------------------
(define-checked (name pred_1? ... pred_n?))
re-defines the constructor make-name so that it makes sure that its
n arguments satisfy pred_1? ... pred_n?
Note:
to maintain the invariant, also modify the mutators to check their arguments
|#
(define-syntax (define-checked stx)
(syntax-case stx ()
[(_ (name pred? ...))
(let ([make-variable
; String SyntaxObject -> SyntaxObject
(lambda (x y)
(datum->syntax
stx
(string->symbol
(format "~a-~a" x (syntax->datum y)))))])
(with-syntax ([make-name (make-variable "make" (syntax name))]
[(x ...) (generate-temporaries (syntax (pred? ...)))])
(syntax
(set! make-name
(let ([make-name make-name])
(lambda (x ...)
(check-arg 'make-name (pred? x) pred? "an" x)
...
(make-name x ...)))))))]))
; _ -> true
(define (true? x) #t)
;; Structure Definitions ----------------------------------------------------
(define-struct fe (question))
(define-struct (password fe)())
(define-struct (numeric fe) ())
(define-struct (check fe) ())
(define-struct (yes-no fe) (positive negative))
(define-struct (radio fe) (labels))
(define-checked (password string?))
(define-checked (numeric string?))
(define-checked (check string?))
(define (list-of-strings? l)
(and (list? l) (andmap string? l)))
(define-checked (radio string? list-of-strings?))
(define-checked (yes-no string? true? true?))
; todo
(define-struct (button fe) ())
; _ -> (union true String)
(define (form? x)
(cond
[(not (list? x)) (format "list expected, given ~e" x)]
[(find-non list? x)
=>
(lambda (non-list)
(format "list of lists expected, give list with ~e" non-list))]
[(find-non
(lambda (x)
(and (list? x)
(= (length x) 2)
(symbol? (car x))
(form-element? (cadr x))))
x)
=>
(lambda (non-tagged-fe)
(format "list of (list Symbol FormElement) expected, given ~s" non-tagged-fe))]
[else true]))
; _ -> Boolean
(define (form-element? x)
(cond
[(string? x) #t]
[(fe? x) (and
(string? (fe-question x))
(cond
[(radio? x) (and (non-empty-list? (radio-labels x))
(andmap string? (radio-labels x)))]
[(yes-no? x) (and (string? (yes-no-positive x))
(string? (yes-no-negative x)))]
[else #t]))]
[else #f]))
; _ -> Boolean
(define (non-empty-list? x)
(and (cons? x) (list? x)))
;
;; ;;
;; ;;
;; ;; ;;;; ;;; ; ;;; ;;;
; ; ; ; ; ;; ; ; ;
; ; ; ;;;; ; ; ; ;;;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
;;; ;;; ;;; ; ;;;;; ;;; ;; ;;;
; posing questions ----------------------------------------------------------
; FormElement -> Answer
; to pose one question, receive one answer
(define (internal:single-query fe)
(check-arg 'single-query (form-element? fe) "form element" "first" fe)
(car (internal:queries (list fe))))
; (listof FormElement) -> (listof Answer)
; to ask N questions and to get N answers
; assert: (lambda (result) (= (length fes) (length result)))
(define (internal:queries fes)
(check-arg 'queries (and (list? fes) (andmap form-element? fes))
"list of form elements" "first" fes)
(conduct-query "Web Query" (map list (make-keys fes) fes)))
; Form -> Bindings
; to ask N questions with tags, receive N answers
; assert: (lambda (result) (set-equal? (map car aloss) (map car result)))
(define (internal:form-query f)
(check-list-list 'form-query (form? f) "form" f)
(map list (map first f)
(conduct-query "Web Query" (map list (make-keys f) (map second f)))))
; extracting values from forms ----------------------------------------------
; extract : Symbol Response -> (listof Answer)
; extract all answers associated with a tag
(define (extract tag r)
(map second (filter (lambda (a) (eq? (first a) tag)) r)))
; extract/single : Symbol Response -> Answer
(define (extract/single tag r)
(let ([all (extract tag r)])
(if (and (pair? all) (null? (rest all))) ; (= (length all) 1)
(first all)
(cond
[(null? all)
(error 'extract/single "~e contains no tag ~e" r tag)]
[else
(error 'extract/single "~e contains more than one tag ~e" r tag)]))))
; echoing responses ---------------------------------------------------------
; Response -> true
; to display a response on a web page
(define (internal:echo-response form)
(make-echo-page
(map (lambda (tag answer)
`(tr (td ,(symbol->string tag))
(td ,(answer->string answer))))
(map first form)
(map second form))))
; (listof Answer) -> true
; to display a list of answers on a web page
(define (internal:echo-answers form)
(make-echo-page
(map (lambda (answer) `(tr (td ,(answer->string answer)))) form)))
; displaying information ----------------------------------------------------
; String String *-> true
; to deliver an intermediate message and a link to continue
(define (internal:inform title . paragraph)
(check-arg 'inform (string? title) "string" "first" title)
(check-arg 'inform (andmap string? paragraph)
"list of strings" "second, third, ..." paragraph)
(servlet:send/suspend
(lambda (url)
`(html
(title ,title)
(body ([bgcolor "white"])
(h3 ,title)
(br)
(p ,@paragraph)
(br)
(a ([href ,url]) "Continue")))))
#t)
; (listof Xexpr) -> true
(define (internal:inform/html stuff)
(servlet:send/suspend
(lambda (url)
`(html
(title "Information")
(body ([bgcolor "white"])
(hr)
(div ,@stuff)
(hr)
(a ([href ,url]) "Continue")))))
#t)
; String String *-> true
; to deliver a final web page and terminate the web dialog
(define (internal:final-page title . paragraph)
(check-arg 'final-page (string? title) "string" "first" title)
(check-arg 'final-page (andmap string? paragraph)
"list of strings" "second, third, ..." paragraph)
(servlet:send/finish
`(html
(title ,title)
(body ([bgcolor "white"])
(h3 ,title)
(br)
(p ,@paragraph))))
#t)
; ;;; ; ;
;;; ;
; ;
; ; ;; ;; ;;; ;;; ;;; ; ;;; ;;;; ; ;;; ;;; ;;; ;;;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
;;;;; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;;;; ; ; ;;;;; ;;;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
;;; ;;; ;;; ;;; ;; ;;;;; ;;;;;; ;;;;; ;;; ; ;;;; ;;;;; ;;; ;;;
; String Form -> FormResults
(define (conduct-query text aloss)
(let ([keys (map car aloss)])
(let cq ([text text])
(let ([res (build-form text aloss)])
(let/ec restart
(map (lambda (k fe)
(get-binding restart (string->symbol k) res (cadr fe) cq))
keys aloss))))))
; String (String -> (listof Answer)) -> (listof Answer)
(define (handle message cq n)
(cq `(font ([color "red"]) ,(string-append message " " (fe-question n)))))
; Continuation Symbol Bindings FormElement -> Answer
; effect: raise 'yes-no if a yes-no button goes unchecked
(define (get-binding restart tag bindings fe cq)
(let ([cq (compose restart cq)]
[result (servlet:extract-bindings tag bindings)]
[question "Please respond to the question:"])
(cond
[(check? fe) (if (null? result) #f #t)]
[(numeric? fe)
(if (null? result)
(handle question cq fe)
(let ([r (string->number (car result))]
[question "Please respond with a number to the question:"])
(if r r (handle question cq fe))))]
[(yes-no? fe)
(if (null? result) (handle question cq fe) (car result))]
[(radio? fe)
(if (null? result) (handle question cq fe) (car result))]
[(button? fe) ; at most one button should be clicked
(if (null? result) #f (car result))]
[(null? result) (format "error ~e -> ~e :: ~e" tag fe bindings)]
[else (car result)])))
; String Form -> FormResults
; assert: (lambda (result) (set-equal? (domain aloss) (domain result)))
(define (build-form title f)
(servlet:request-bindings
(servlet:send/suspend
(lambda (url)
`(html
(head (title ,title))
(body ([bgcolor "white"])
(h3 ,title)
(br)
(form ([action ,url])
(table ,@(map build-row f))
,@(add-submit-button (map second f)))))))))
; build-row : (list Symbol FormElement) -> Xexpr[tr]
(define (build-row x)
(let* ([tag (first x)]
[fe (second x)]
[rad (lambda (x)
`(td (input ([type "radio"][name ,tag][value ,x])) " " ,x))]
[make-radio
(lambda (loq) `(td (table (tr ,@(map rad loq)))))])
(cond
[(string? fe)
`(tr (td ,fe) (td (input ([type "text"][name ,tag][value ""]) " ")))]
[(password? fe)
`(tr (td ,(fe-question fe))
(td (input ([type "password"][name ,tag]) " ")))]
[(numeric? fe)
`(tr (td ,(fe-question fe))
(td (input ([type "text"][name ,tag]) " ")))]
[(check? fe)
`(tr (td ,(fe-question fe))
(td (input ([type "checkbox"][name ,tag][value ,(fe-question fe)]) " ")))]
[(yes-no? fe)
`(tr (td ,(fe-question fe))
,(make-radio (list (yes-no-positive fe) (yes-no-negative fe))))]
[(radio? fe)
`(tr (td ,(fe-question fe)) ,(make-radio (radio-labels fe)))]
[(button? fe)
`(tr (td)
(td (input ([type "submit"][name ,tag][value ,(fe-question fe)]) " ")))]
[else (error 'build-row "can't happen: ~e" fe)])))
; (listof Forms) -> (union Empty (list SUBMIT-BUTTON))
(define (add-submit-button fes)
; XXX Commented
#;(if (pair? (cdr fes))
(if (ormap button? fes) '() (list SUBMIT-BUTTON))
(let ([fe (car fes)])
(if (or (string? fe) (password? fe) (numeric? fe))
'()
(list SUBMIT-BUTTON))))
(list SUBMIT-BUTTON))
;; ;;
;;; ; ;
; ; ; ;
; ; ; ;; ;;; ;;; ; ;; ;;;
; ;; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ;;;;; ; ;; ;;;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
;;; ;;; ;;; ;;; ;;; ;; ;; ;;;
; Answer -> String
(define (answer->string a)
(cond
[(string? a) (format "~s" a)]
[(number? a) (number->string a)]
[(boolean? a) (if a "true" "false")]
[else (format "~a" a)]))
; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
; (listof X) -> (listof String)
; make unique, readable string/tags for a list of queries
(define make-keys
(let ([counter 0])
(lambda (fes)
(map (lambda (x)
(set! counter (+ counter 1))
(format "tag~a" counter))
fes))))
; ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
; (listof Xexpr[tr]) -> true
; echo stuff, wait for click on continue link
(define (make-echo-page stuff)
(servlet:send/suspend
(lambda (url)
`(html
(title "Echoed Answers")
(body ([bgcolor "white"])
(br)
(table
,@stuff)
(br)
(a ([href ,url]) "Continue")))))
#t)
; constants -----------------------------------------------------------------
(define SUBMIT-BUTTON '(input ([type "submit"][value "Submit"])))
;
;
;
; ;;;;
; ;; ;
; ; ;;; ; ;; ; ; ;;; ; ;;
; ;; ;; ; ;; ; ; ; ;; ; ;; ;
; ;;;; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ;; ;;;;; ; ; ; ;;;;; ;
; ; ; ; ;;; ; ;
; ; ;; ;; ; ; ; ;; ; ;
; ;;;; ;;; ; ; ;;; ;
;
;
; ; ;;
;; get-next-port: -> number
;; Returns the next port, starting from 8000, that's available.
;; If we can't get one after max-attempt tries, give up and raise
;; an error.
(define (get-next-port)
(define starting-at 8000)
(define max-attempts 32)
(let loop ([port-no starting-at]
[attempts 0])
(let ([port-available?
(with-handlers ([exn:fail:network?
(lambda (exn) #f)])
(let ([listener (tcp-listen port-no 4 #t #f)])
(tcp-close listener)
#t))])
(cond
[port-available?
port-no]
[(< attempts max-attempts)
(loop (add1 port-no) (add1 attempts))]
[else
(error 'get-next-port
"Couldn't find an available port between ~a and ~a\n"
starting-at (+ starting-at max-attempts))]))))
;; the current-server is a (make-parameter (or/c #f a-server))
;; where a-server is a server, defined below.
(define current-server (make-parameter #f))
;; A server consists of the maintenance thread, the request and response channels.
(define-struct server (th req-ch))
;; A request is either a
;; (make-req:standard f args)
;; or a
;; (make-req:final f args)
;; where f is a function that consumes args.
(define-struct req (res-ch func args) #:prefab)
(define-struct (req:standard req) () #:prefab)
(define-struct (req:final req) () #:prefab)
;; If an exception happens when evaluating a request, we
;; return an error response. exn holds the exception that happened.
(define-struct error-res (exn))
;; ensure-standalone-server-running!: -> void
;; Initializes the current-server parameter.
;; Makes sure that the standalone server is up and running.
(define (ensure-standalone-server-running!)
(unless (current-server)
(local [(define req-ch (make-channel))
(define (server-loop)
(let ([msg (channel-get req-ch)])
(match msg
[(struct req (res-ch func args))
(define res
(with-handlers ([void make-error-res])
(apply func args)))
(channel-put res-ch res)
(unless (req:final? msg)
(server-loop))])))
(define th
(thread (lambda ()
(let ([port (get-next-port)]
[called? #f])
(parameterize ([read-accept-dot #t])
(servlet:serve/servlet
(lambda (req)
(if (not called?)
(begin (set! called? #t)
(server-loop))
"The servlet has executed already."))
#:banner? #f
#:port port))))))
(define a-server (make-server th req-ch))]
(current-server a-server))))
;; Each of the wrapped functions turns function calls into requests
;; to the server.
(define (make-wrapped-function internal:function make-req)
(lambda args
(ensure-standalone-server-running!)
(match (current-server)
[(struct server (th req-ch))
(thread-resume th)
(let* ([res-ch (make-channel)]
[req (make-req res-ch internal:function args)])
(channel-put req-ch req)
(let ([result (channel-get res-ch)])
(cond
[(error-res? result)
(raise (error-res-exn result))]
[else
result])))])))
;; Provides wrappers around the internal functions to make the wrapped functions
;; run in the context of a standalone server.
(define-syntax (define-wrapped-function stx)
(syntax-case stx ()
[(_ function internal:function #:final final)
(with-syntax ([make-request (if (syntax->datum #'final)
#'make-req:final
#'make-req:standard)])
(syntax/loc stx
(define function (make-wrapped-function internal:function make-request))))]
[(_ function internal:function)
(syntax/loc stx
(define-wrapped-function function internal:function #:final #f))]))
(define-wrapped-function single-query internal:single-query)
(define-wrapped-function queries internal:queries)
(define-wrapped-function echo-answers internal:echo-answers)
(define-wrapped-function form-query internal:form-query)
(define-wrapped-function echo-response internal:echo-response)
(define-wrapped-function inform/html internal:inform/html)
(define-wrapped-function inform internal:inform)
;; fixme: on a final-page, send/finish doesn't seem to return control.
(define-wrapped-function final-page internal:final-page #:final #t)
(define-wrapped-function send/suspend servlet:send/suspend)
(define-wrapped-function send/finish servlet:send/finish #:final #t)