racket/collects/web-server/docs/reference/servlet.scrbl
Jay McCarthy cdbca619e3 Updating docs
svn: r6486
2007-06-05 18:39:11 +00:00

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Racket

#reader(lib "docreader.ss" "scribble")
@require["../web-server.ss"]
@title[#:style 'toc]{Scheme Servlets}
The @file{web-server} allows servlets to be written in Scheme. It
provides the supporting API, described below, for the construction
of these servlets. This API is provided by @file{servlet.ss}.
@local-table-of-contents[]
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "module-servlets"]{Definition}
A @defterm{servlet} is a module that provides the following:
@defthing[interface-version symbol?]{
A symbol indicating the servlet interface the servlet conforms
to. This influences the other provided identifiers.
}
If @scheme[interface-version] is @scheme['v1], then the servlet
provides:
@defthing[timeout integer?]{
This number is used as the @scheme[continuation-timeout] argument to
a timeout-based continuation manager used for this servlet. (See
@secref["timeouts.ss"].)
}
@defproc[(start [initial-request request?])
response?]{
This function is called when an instance of this servlet is started.
The argument is the HTTP request that initiated the instance.
}
If @scheme[interface-version] is @scheme['v2], then the servlet
provides:
@defthing[manager manager?]{
The manager for the continuations of this servlet.
}
@defproc[(start [initial-request request?])
response?]{
This function is called when an instance of this servlet is started.
The argument is the HTTP request that initiated the instance.
}
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "servlet-structs.ss"]{Contracts}
@file{servlet/servlet-structs.ss} provides a number of contracts
for use in servlets.
@defthing[servlet-response? contract?]{Equivalent to @scheme[any/c].}
@; XXX Remove callbacks
@defproc[(xexpr/callback? [v any/c])
boolean?]{
Checks if @scheme[v] matches @scheme[xexpr?], except that embedded
procedures are allowed.
}
@defthing[response-generator? contract?]{Equivalent to @scheme[(k-url? . -> . servlet-response?)].}
@defthing[k-url? (any/c . -> . boolean?)]{Equivalent to @scheme[string?].}
@defthing[url-transform? contract?]{Equivalent to @scheme[(k-url? . -> . k-url?)].}
@defthing[expiration-handler? contract?]{Equivalent to @scheme[(or/c false/c (request? . -> . response?))].}
@defthing[embed/url? contract?]{Equivalent to @scheme[(((request? . -> . any/c)) (expiration-handler?) . opt-> . string?)].}
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "request-structs.ss"]{HTTP Requests}
@; XXX Create http sub-directory
@file{private/request-structs.ss} provides a number of structures and functions
related to HTTP request data structures.
@defstruct[header ([field bytes?]
[value bytes?])]{
Represents a header of @scheme[field] to @scheme[value].
}
@defproc[(headers-assq [id bytes?] [heads (listof header?)])
(or/c false/c header?)]{
Returns the header with a field equal to @scheme[id] from @scheme[heads] or @scheme[#f].
}
@defproc[(headers-assq* [id bytes?] [heads (listof header?)])
(or/c false/c header?)]{
Returns the header with a field case-insensitively equal to @scheme[id] from @scheme[heads] or @scheme[#f].
}
@defstruct[binding ([id bytes?])]{Represents a binding of @scheme[id].}
@defstruct[(binding:form binding) ([id bytes?]
[value bytes?])]{
Represents a form binding of @scheme[id] to @scheme[value].
}
@defstruct[(binding:file binding) ([id bytes?]
[filename bytes?]
[content bytes?])]{
Represents the uploading of the file @scheme[filename] with the id @scheme[id]
and the content @scheme[content].
}
@defproc[(bindings-assq [id bytes?] [binds (listof binding?)])
(or/c false/c binding?)]{
Returns the binding with an id equal to @scheme[id] from @scheme[binds] or @scheme[#f].
}
@; XXX Subtypes of request
@defstruct[request ([method symbol?]
[uri url?]
[headers/raw (listof header?)]
[bindings/raw (listof binding?)]
[post-data/raw (or/c false/c bytes?)]
[host-ip string?]
[host-port number?]
[client-ip string?])]{
An HTTP @scheme[method] request to @scheme[uri] from @scheme[client-ip]
to the server at @scheme[host-ip]:@scheme[host-port] with @scheme[headers/raw]
headers, @scheme[bindings/raw] GET and POST queries and @scheme[post-data/raw]
POST data.
}
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "bindings.ss"]{Request Bindings}
@file{servlet/bindings.ss} provides a number of helper functions
for accessing request bindings.
@; XXX Move in request-bindings
@; XXX Rename extract-binding
@defproc[(extract-binding/single [id symbol?]
[binds (listof (cons/c symbol? string?))])
string?]{
Returns the single binding associated with @scheme[id] in the a-list @scheme[binds]
if there is exactly one binding. Otherwise errors.
}
@defproc[(extract-bindings [id symbol?]
[binds (listof (cons/c symbol? string?))])
(listof string?)]{
Returns a list of all the bindings of @scheme[id] in the a-list @scheme[binds].
}
@defproc[(exists-binding? [id symbol?]
[binds (listof (cons/c symbol? string))])
boolean?]{
Returns @scheme[#t] if @scheme[binds] contains a binding for @scheme[id].
Otherwise, @scheme[#f].
}
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "response-structs.ss"]{HTTP Responses}
@file{private/response-structs.ss} provides structures and functions related to
HTTP responses.
@; XXX Rename extras to headers
@; XXX Make extras a listof header?
@defstruct[response/basic
([code number?]
[message string?]
[seconds number?]
[mime bytes?]
[extras (listof (cons/c symbol? string?))])]{
A basic HTTP response containing no body. @scheme[code] is the response code,
@scheme[message] the message, @scheme[seconds] the generation time, @scheme[mime]
the MIME type of the file, and @scheme[extras] are the extra headers, in addition
to those produced by the server.
}
@; XXX Rename string? option
@defstruct[(response/full response/basic)
([code number?]
[message string?]
[seconds number?]
[mime bytes?]
[extras (listof (cons/c symbol? string?))]
[body (listof (or/c string? bytes?))])]{
As with @scheme[response/basic], except with @scheme[body] as the response
body.
}
@defstruct[(response/incremental response/basic)
([code number?]
[message string?]
[seconds number?]
[mime bytes?]
[extras (listof (cons/c symbol? string?))]
[generator ((() (listof (or/c bytes? string?)) . ->* . any) . -> . any)])]{
As with @scheme[response/basic], except with @scheme[generator] as a function that is
called to generate the response body, by being given an @scheme[output-response] function
that outputs the content it is called with.
}
@defproc[(response? [v any/c])
boolean?]{
Checks if @scheme[v] is a valid response. A response is either:
@itemize[
@item{A @scheme[response/basic] structure.}
@item{A value matching the contract @scheme[(cons/c (or/c bytes? string?) (listof (or/c bytes? string?)))].}
@item{A value matching @scheme[xexpr?].}
]
}
@defthing[TEXT/HTML-MIME-TYPE bytes?]{Equivalent to @scheme[#"text/html; charset=utf-8"].}
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "web.ss"]{Web}
XXX
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "helpers.ss"]{Helpers}
XXX
@; XXX Depreciate
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "servlet-url.ss"]{Servlet URLs}
XXX
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "basic-auth.ss"]{Basic Authentication}
XXX
@; ------------------------------------------------------------
@section[#:tag "web-cells.ss"]{Web Cells}
XXX