diff --git a/unpacked/jax/element/mml/jax.js b/unpacked/jax/element/mml/jax.js
index 64fc492f2..13e46b7f8 100644
--- a/unpacked/jax/element/mml/jax.js
+++ b/unpacked/jax/element/mml/jax.js
@@ -232,7 +232,8 @@ MathJax.ElementJax.mml.Augment({
     type: "base", isToken: false,
     defaults: {
       mathbackground: MML.INHERIT,
-      mathcolor: MML.INHERIT
+      mathcolor: MML.INHERIT,
+      dir: MML.INHERIT,
     },
     noInherit: {},
     noInheritAttribute: {
@@ -428,7 +429,8 @@ MathJax.ElementJax.mml.Augment({
       mathvariant: MML.AUTO,
       mathsize: MML.INHERIT,
       mathbackground: MML.INHERIT,
-      mathcolor: MML.INHERIT
+      mathcolor: MML.INHERIT,
+      dir: MML.INHERIT
     },
     autoDefault: function (name) {
       if (name === "mathvariant") {
@@ -458,7 +460,8 @@ MathJax.ElementJax.mml.Augment({
       mathvariant: MML.INHERIT,
       mathsize: MML.INHERIT,
       mathbackground: MML.INHERIT,
-      mathcolor: MML.INHERIT
+      mathcolor: MML.INHERIT,
+      dir: MML.INHERIT
     }
   });
   
@@ -469,6 +472,7 @@ MathJax.ElementJax.mml.Augment({
       mathsize: MML.INHERIT,
       mathbackground: MML.INHERIT,
       mathcolor: MML.INHERIT,
+      dir: MML.INHERIT,
       form: MML.AUTO,
       fence: MML.AUTO,
       separator: MML.AUTO,
@@ -630,7 +634,8 @@ MathJax.ElementJax.mml.Augment({
       mathvariant: MML.INHERIT,
       mathsize: MML.INHERIT,
       mathbackground: MML.INHERIT,
-      mathcolor: MML.INHERIT
+      mathcolor: MML.INHERIT,
+      dir: MML.INHERIT
     }
   });
 
@@ -665,6 +670,7 @@ MathJax.ElementJax.mml.Augment({
       mathsize: MML.INHERIT,
       mathbackground: MML.INHERIT,
       mathcolor: MML.INHERIT,
+      dir: MML.INHERIT,
       lquote: '"',
       rquote: '"'
     }
@@ -810,6 +816,7 @@ MathJax.ElementJax.mml.Augment({
       scriptminsize: "8pt",
       mathbackground: MML.INHERIT,
       mathcolor: MML.INHERIT,
+      dir: MML.INHERIT,
       infixlinebreakstyle: MML.LINEBREAKSTYLE.BEFORE,
       decimalseparator: "."
     },
@@ -1226,6 +1233,7 @@ MathJax.ElementJax.mml.Augment({
       mathsize: MML.SIZE.NORMAL,
       mathcolor: "", // should be "black", but allow it to inherit from surrounding text
       mathbackground: MML.COLOR.TRANSPARENT,
+      dir: "ltr",
       scriptlevel: 0,
       displaystyle: MML.AUTO,
       display: "inline",
diff --git a/unpacked/jax/input/AsciiMath/jax.js b/unpacked/jax/input/AsciiMath/jax.js
index 525b94e41..9e31d10b3 100644
--- a/unpacked/jax/input/AsciiMath/jax.js
+++ b/unpacked/jax/input/AsciiMath/jax.js
@@ -1292,7 +1292,8 @@ junk = null;
     formatError: function (err,math,script) {
       var message = err.message.replace(/\n.*/,"");
       MathJax.Hub.signal.Post(["AsciiMath Jax - parse error",message,math,script]);
-      return MML.merror(message);
+      var mml = MML.merror(message);
+      return (MathJax.Localization.fontDirection() ? MML.mstyle(mml).With({dir: "rtl"}) : mml);
     },
     Error: function (message) {
       throw MathJax.Hub.Insert(Error(message),{asciimathError: true});
diff --git a/unpacked/jax/input/MathML/jax.js b/unpacked/jax/input/MathML/jax.js
index 86e11c031..c8c508a76 100644
--- a/unpacked/jax/input/MathML/jax.js
+++ b/unpacked/jax/input/MathML/jax.js
@@ -267,7 +267,8 @@
     formatError: function (err,math,script) {
       var message = err.message.replace(/\n.*/,"");
       MathJax.Hub.signal.Post(["MathML Jax - parse error",message,math,script]);
-      return MML.merror(message);
+      var mml = MML.merror(message);
+      return (MathJax.Localization.fontDirection() ? MML.mstyle(mml).With({dir: "rtl"}) : mml);
     },
     Error: function (message) {
       //
diff --git a/unpacked/jax/input/TeX/jax.js b/unpacked/jax/input/TeX/jax.js
index cc75287b4..974ef5e91 100644
--- a/unpacked/jax/input/TeX/jax.js
+++ b/unpacked/jax/input/TeX/jax.js
@@ -2099,7 +2099,8 @@
     formatError: function (err,math,display,script) {
       var message = err.message.replace(/\n.*/,"");
       HUB.signal.Post(["TeX Jax - parse error",message,math,display,script]);
-      return MML.merror(message);
+      var mml = MML.merror(message);
+      return (MathJax.Localization.fontDirection() ? MML.mstyle(mml).With({dir: "rtl"}) : mml);
     },
 
     //
diff --git a/unpacked/jax/output/HTML-CSS/autoload/ms.js b/unpacked/jax/output/HTML-CSS/autoload/ms.js
index a45baa1be..9ceb6478f 100644
--- a/unpacked/jax/output/HTML-CSS/autoload/ms.js
+++ b/unpacked/jax/output/HTML-CSS/autoload/ms.js
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ MathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook("HTML-CSS Jax Ready",function () {
       this.HTMLhandleVariant(span,this.HTMLgetVariant(),values.lquote+text+values.rquote);
       this.HTMLhandleSpace(span);
       this.HTMLhandleColor(span);
+      this.HTMLhandleDir(span);
       return span;
     },
     HTMLquoteRegExp: function (string) {
diff --git a/unpacked/jax/output/HTML-CSS/jax.js b/unpacked/jax/output/HTML-CSS/jax.js
index 8ed062352..7653663a1 100644
--- a/unpacked/jax/output/HTML-CSS/jax.js
+++ b/unpacked/jax/output/HTML-CSS/jax.js
@@ -223,7 +223,6 @@
           "word-wrap":       "normal",
           "white-space":     "nowrap",
           "float":           "none",
-          "direction":       "ltr",
           border: 0, padding: 0, margin: 0
         },
 
@@ -1723,6 +1722,11 @@
 	return span;
       },
 
+      HTMLhandleDir: function (span) {
+        span.style.direction = this.Get("dir");
+	return span;
+      },
+
       HTMLhandleColor: function (span) {
 	var values = this.getValues("mathcolor","color");
 	if (this.mathbackground) {values.mathbackground = this.mathbackground}
@@ -1973,6 +1977,7 @@
         }
 	this.HTMLhandleSpace(span);
 	this.HTMLhandleColor(span);
+        this.HTMLhandleDir(span);
 	return span;
       }
     });
@@ -1987,6 +1992,7 @@
 	if (this.data.join("").length !== 1) {delete span.bbox.skew}
 	this.HTMLhandleSpace(span);
 	this.HTMLhandleColor(span);
+        this.HTMLhandleDir(span);
 	return span;
       }
     });
@@ -2061,6 +2067,7 @@
         //
 	this.HTMLhandleSpace(span);
 	this.HTMLhandleColor(span);
+        this.HTMLhandleDir(span);
 	return span;
       },
       CoreParent: function () {
@@ -2157,6 +2164,7 @@
         if (this.data.join("").length !== 1) {delete span.bbox.skew}
         this.HTMLhandleSpace(span);
         this.HTMLhandleColor(span);
+        this.HTMLhandleDir(span);
         return span;
       }
     });
@@ -2296,6 +2304,7 @@
 	}
 	this.HTMLhandleSpace(span);
 	this.HTMLhandleColor(span);
+        this.HTMLhandleDir(span);
 	return span;
       },
       HTMLstretchH: MML.mbase.HTMLstretchH,
@@ -2689,6 +2698,10 @@
 	//  Add color (if any)
 	//
 	this.HTMLhandleColor(span);
+        //
+        //  Add direction (if any)
+        //
+        this.HTMLhandleDir(span);
 	//
 	//  Make math span be the correct height and depth
 	//