tock-mirror/transformations/ArrayUsageCheck.hs

208 lines
10 KiB
Haskell

{-
Tock: a compiler for parallel languages
Copyright (C) 2007 University of Kent
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-}
module ArrayUsageCheck where
import Control.Monad.State
import Data.Array.IArray
import Data.List
import Data.Maybe
import qualified AST as A
import FlowGraph
import Utils
--TODO fix this tangle of code to make it work with the code at the bottom of the file
data Constraint = Equality [CoeffVar] Integer
type Problem = [Constraint]
data CoeffVar = CV { coeff :: Integer, var :: A.Variable }
type CoeffExpr = [CoeffVar]
--type IndicesUsed = Map.Map Variable [[
makeProblems :: [[CoeffExpr]] -> [Problem]
makeProblems indexLists = map checkEq zippedPairs
where
allPairs :: [([CoeffExpr],[CoeffExpr])]
allPairs = [(a,b) | a <- indexLists, b <- indexLists]
zippedPairs :: [[(CoeffExpr,CoeffExpr)]]
zippedPairs = map (uncurry zip) allPairs
checkEq :: [(CoeffExpr,CoeffExpr)] -> Problem
checkEq = map checkEq'
checkEq' :: (CoeffExpr, CoeffExpr) -> Constraint
checkEq' (cv0,cv1) = Equality (cv0 ++ map negate cv1) 0
negate :: CoeffVar -> CoeffVar
negate cv = cv {coeff = - (coeff cv)}
makeProblem1Dim :: [CoeffExpr] -> [Problem]
makeProblem1Dim ces = makeProblems [[c] | c <- ces]
type CoeffIndex = Int
type EqualityConstraintEquation = Array CoeffIndex Integer
type EqualityProblem = [EqualityConstraintEquation]
-- Assumed to be >= 0
type InequalityConstraintEquation = Array CoeffIndex Integer
type InequalityProblem = [InequalityConstraintEquation]
-- | Solves all the constraints in the Equality Problem (taking them to be == 0),
-- and transforms the InequalityProblems appropriately.
-- TODO the function currently doesn't record the relation between the transformed variables
-- (e.g. sigma for x_k) and the original variables (x_k). In order to feed back useful
-- information to the user, we should do this at some point in future.
solveConstraints :: EqualityProblem -> InequalityProblem -> Maybe InequalityProblem
solveConstraints p ineq
= normaliseEq p >>= (\p' -> execStateT (solve p') ineq)
where
-- | Normalises an equation by dividing all coefficients by their greatest common divisor.
-- If the unit coefficient (a_0) doesn't divide by this GCD, Nothing will be returned
-- (the constraints do not have an integer solution)
normaliseEq :: EqualityProblem -> Maybe EqualityProblem
normaliseEq = mapM normaliseEq' --Note the mapM; if any calls to normalise' fail, so will normalise
where
normaliseEq' :: EqualityConstraintEquation -> Maybe EqualityConstraintEquation
normaliseEq' e | g == 0 = Just e
| ((e ! 0) `mod` g) /= 0 = Nothing
| otherwise = Just $ amap (\x -> x `div` g) e
where g = foldl1 mygcd (map abs $ tail $ elems e) -- g is the GCD of a_1 .. a_n (not a_0)
mygcd :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
mygcd 0 0 = 0
mygcd x y = gcd x y
-- | Solves all equality problems in the given list.
-- Will either succeed (Just () in the Error/Maybe monad) or fail (Nothing)
solve :: EqualityProblem -> StateT InequalityProblem Maybe ()
solve [] = return ()
solve p = (solveUnits p >>* removeRedundant) >>= liftF checkFalsifiable >>= solveNext >>= solve
-- | Checks if any of the coefficients in the equation have an absolute value of 1.
-- Returns either Just <the first such coefficient> or Nothing (there are no such coefficients in the equation).
-- This function only looks at a_1 .. a_n. That is, a_0 is ignored.
checkForUnit :: EqualityConstraintEquation -> Maybe CoeffIndex
checkForUnit = listToMaybe . map fst . filter coeffAbsVal1 . tail . assocs
where
coeffAbsVal1 :: (a, Integer) -> Bool
coeffAbsVal1 (_,x) = (abs x) == 1
-- | Finds the first unit coefficient (|a_k| == 1) in a set of equality constraints.
-- Returns Nothing if there are no unit coefficients. Otherwise it returns
-- (Just (equation, indexOfUnitCoeff), otherEquations); that is, the specified equation is not
-- present in the list of equations.
findFirstUnit :: EqualityProblem -> (Maybe (EqualityConstraintEquation,CoeffIndex),EqualityProblem)
findFirstUnit [] = (Nothing,[])
findFirstUnit (e:es) = case checkForUnit e of
Just ci -> (Just (e,ci),es)
Nothing -> let (me,es') = findFirstUnit es in (me,e:es')
-- | Substitutes a value for x_k into an equation. Given k, the value for x_k in terms
-- of coefficients of other variables (let's call it x_k_val), it subsitutes this into
-- all the equations in the list by adding x_k_val (scaled by a_k) to each equation and
-- then zeroing out the a_k value. Note that the (x_k_val ! k) value will be ignored;
-- it should be zero, in any case (otherwise x_k would be defined in terms of itself!).
substIn :: CoeffIndex -> Array CoeffIndex Integer -> EqualityProblem -> EqualityProblem
substIn k x_k_val = map substIn'
where
substIn' eq = (arrayZipWith (+) eq scaled_x_k_val) // [(k,0)]
where
scaled_x_k_val = amap (* (eq ! k)) x_k_val
-- | Solves (i.e. removes by substitution) all unit coefficients in the given list of equations.
solveUnits :: EqualityProblem -> StateT InequalityProblem Maybe EqualityProblem
solveUnits p
= case findFirstUnit p of
(Nothing,p') -> return p' -- p' should equal p anyway
(Just (eq,ind),p') -> modify change >> ((lift $ normaliseEq $ change p') >>= solveUnits)
where
change = substIn ind (arrayMapWithIndex (modifyOthersZeroSpecific ind) eq)
origVal = eq ! ind
-- Zeroes a specific coefficient, modifies the others as follows:
-- If the coefficient of x_k is 1, we need to negate the other coefficients
-- to get its definition. However, if the coefficient is -1, we don't need to
-- do this. For example, consider 2 + 3x_1 + x_2 - 4x_3 = 0. In this case
-- x_2 = -2 - 3x_1 + 4x_3; the negation of the original equation (ignoring x_2).
-- If however, it was 2 + 3x_1 - x_2 - 4x_3 = 0 then x_2 = 2 + 3x_1 - 4x_3;
-- that is, identical to the original equation if we ignore x_2.
modifyOthersZeroSpecific :: CoeffIndex -> (CoeffIndex -> Integer -> Integer)
modifyOthersZeroSpecific match ind
| match == ind = const 0 -- The specific value to zero out
| origVal == 1 = negate -- Original coeff was 1; negate
| otherwise = id -- Original coeff was -1; don't do anything
-- | Finds the coefficient with the smallest absolute value of a_1 .. a_n (i.e. not a_0)
-- that is non-zero (i.e. zero coefficients are ignored).
findSmallestAbsCoeff :: EqualityConstraintEquation -> CoeffIndex
findSmallestAbsCoeff = fst . minimumBy cmpAbsSnd . filter ((/= 0) . snd) . tail . assocs
where
cmpAbsSnd :: (a,Integer) -> (a,Integer) -> Ordering
cmpAbsSnd (_,x) (_,y) = compare (abs x) (abs y)
-- | Solves the next equality and returns the new set of equalities.
solveNext :: EqualityProblem -> StateT InequalityProblem Maybe EqualityProblem
solveNext [] = return []
solveNext (e:es) = -- We transform the kth variable into sigma, effectively
-- So once we have x_k = ... (in terms of sigma) we add a_k * RHS
-- to all other equations, AFTER zeroing the a_k coefficient (so
-- that the multiple of sigma is added on properly)
modify (map alterEquation) >> (lift $ (normaliseEq . map alterEquation) (e:es))
where
-- | Adds a scaled version of x_k_eq onto the current equation, after zeroing out
-- the a_k coefficient in the current equation.
alterEquation :: EqualityConstraintEquation -> EqualityConstraintEquation
alterEquation eq = arrayZipWith (+) (eq // [(k,0)]) (amap (\x -> x * (eq ! k)) x_k_eq)
k = findSmallestAbsCoeff e
a_k = e ! k
m = (abs a_k) + 1
sign_a_k = signum a_k
x_k_eq = amap (\a_i -> sign_a_k * (a_i `mymod` m)) e // [(k,(- sign_a_k) * m)]
-- I think this is probably equivalent to mod, but let's follow the maths:
mymod :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
mymod x y = x - (y * (floordivplushalf x y))
-- This is floor (x/y + 1/2). Probably a way to do it without reverting to float arithmetic:
floordivplushalf :: Integer -> Integer -> Integer
floordivplushalf x y = floor ((fromInteger x / fromInteger y) + (0.5 :: Double))
-- Removes all equations where the coefficients are all zero
removeRedundant :: EqualityProblem -> EqualityProblem
removeRedundant = mapMaybe (boolToMaybe (not . isRedundant))
where
isRedundant :: EqualityConstraintEquation -> Bool
isRedundant = all (== 0) . elems
-- Searches for all equations where only the a_0 coefficient is non-zero; this means the equation cannot be satisfied
checkFalsifiable :: EqualityProblem -> Maybe EqualityProblem
checkFalsifiable = boolToMaybe (not . any checkFalsifiable')
where
-- | Returns True if the equation is definitely unsatisfiable
checkFalsifiable' :: EqualityConstraintEquation -> Bool
checkFalsifiable' e = (e ! 0 /= 0) && (all (== 0) . tail . elems) e