diff --git a/collects/tests/typed-racket/succeed/pr12913.rkt b/collects/tests/typed-racket/succeed/pr12913.rkt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..494553ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/collects/tests/typed-racket/succeed/pr12913.rkt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#lang racket
+
+;; Test that `define-type` works at the top-level
+
+(define ns (make-base-namespace))
+(eval '(require typed/racket) ns)
+(eval '(define-type Foo (U String Symbol)) ns)
+(eval '(: x Foo) ns)
+(eval '(define x 'x) ns)
+
diff --git a/collects/typed-racket/typecheck/tc-toplevel.rkt b/collects/typed-racket/typecheck/tc-toplevel.rkt
index 5e1c87a0..39393865 100644
--- a/collects/typed-racket/typecheck/tc-toplevel.rkt
+++ b/collects/typed-racket/typecheck/tc-toplevel.rkt
@@ -417,7 +417,15 @@
 ;; used only from #%top-interaction
 ;; syntax -> (values #f (or/c void? tc-results/c))
 (define (tc-toplevel-form form)
-  (tc-toplevel/pass1 form)
-  (begin0 (values #f (tc-toplevel/pass2 form))
-          (report-all-errors)))
+  (syntax-parse form
+    [((~literal begin) e ...)
+     (for-each tc-toplevel-form (syntax->list #'(e ...)))
+     (begin0 (values #f (tc-toplevel/pass2 form))
+             (report-all-errors))]
+    [_
+     (when ((internal-syntax-pred define-type-alias-internal) form)
+       ((compose register-type-alias parse-type-alias) form))
+     (tc-toplevel/pass1 form)
+     (begin0 (values #f (tc-toplevel/pass2 form))
+             (report-all-errors))]))