diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/fileInterface.js b/chrome/content/zotero/fileInterface.js
index 225f52fc6..31c9c0282 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/fileInterface.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/fileInterface.js
@@ -41,55 +41,56 @@ var Zotero_File_Exporter = function() {
  * Performs the actual export operation
  **/
 Zotero_File_Exporter.prototype.save = function() {
-	var translation = new Zotero.Translate.Export();
-	var translators = translation.getTranslators();
-	
-	// present options dialog
-	var io = {translators:translators}
-	window.openDialog("chrome://zotero/content/exportOptions.xul",
-		"_blank", "chrome,modal,centerscreen,resizable=no", io);
-	if(!io.selectedTranslator) {
-		return false;
-	}
-	
-	const nsIFilePicker = Components.interfaces.nsIFilePicker;
-	var fp = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/filepicker;1"]
-			.createInstance(nsIFilePicker);
-	fp.init(window, Zotero.getString("fileInterface.export"), nsIFilePicker.modeSave);
-	
-	// set file name and extension
-	if(io.displayOptions.exportFileData) {
-		// if the result will be a folder, don't append any extension or use
-		// filters
-		fp.defaultString = this.name;
-		fp.appendFilters(Components.interfaces.nsIFilePicker.filterAll);
-	} else {
-		// if the result will be a file, append an extension and use filters
-		fp.defaultString = this.name+(io.selectedTranslator.target ? "."+io.selectedTranslator.target : "");
-		fp.defaultExtension = io.selectedTranslator.target;
-		fp.appendFilter(io.selectedTranslator.label, "*."+(io.selectedTranslator.target ? io.selectedTranslator.target : "*"));
-	}
-	
-	var rv = fp.show();
-	if (rv == nsIFilePicker.returnOK || rv == nsIFilePicker.returnReplace) {
-		if(this.collection) {
-			translation.setCollection(this.collection);
-		} else if(this.items) {
-			translation.setItems(this.items);
+	var translation = new Zotero.Translate.Export(),
+		me = this;
+	translation.getTranslators().then(function(translators) {
+		// present options dialog
+		var io = {translators:translators}
+		window.openDialog("chrome://zotero/content/exportOptions.xul",
+			"_blank", "chrome,modal,centerscreen,resizable=no", io);
+		if(!io.selectedTranslator) {
+			return false;
 		}
 		
-		translation.setLocation(fp.file);
-		translation.setTranslator(io.selectedTranslator);
-		translation.setDisplayOptions(io.displayOptions);
-		translation.setHandler("itemDone", Zotero_File_Interface.updateProgress);
-		translation.setHandler("done", this._exportDone);
-		Zotero.UnresponsiveScriptIndicator.disable();
-		Zotero_File_Interface.Progress.show(
-			Zotero.getString("fileInterface.itemsExported")
-		);
-		translation.translate()
-	}
-	return false;
+		const nsIFilePicker = Components.interfaces.nsIFilePicker;
+		var fp = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/filepicker;1"]
+				.createInstance(nsIFilePicker);
+		fp.init(window, Zotero.getString("fileInterface.export"), nsIFilePicker.modeSave);
+		
+		// set file name and extension
+		if(io.displayOptions.exportFileData) {
+			// if the result will be a folder, don't append any extension or use
+			// filters
+			fp.defaultString = me.name;
+			fp.appendFilters(Components.interfaces.nsIFilePicker.filterAll);
+		} else {
+			// if the result will be a file, append an extension and use filters
+			fp.defaultString = me.name+(io.selectedTranslator.target ? "."+io.selectedTranslator.target : "");
+			fp.defaultExtension = io.selectedTranslator.target;
+			fp.appendFilter(io.selectedTranslator.label, "*."+(io.selectedTranslator.target ? io.selectedTranslator.target : "*"));
+		}
+		
+		var rv = fp.show();
+		if (rv == nsIFilePicker.returnOK || rv == nsIFilePicker.returnReplace) {
+			if(me.collection) {
+				translation.setCollection(me.collection);
+			} else if(me.items) {
+				translation.setItems(me.items);
+			}
+			
+			translation.setLocation(fp.file);
+			translation.setTranslator(io.selectedTranslator);
+			translation.setDisplayOptions(io.displayOptions);
+			translation.setHandler("itemDone", Zotero_File_Interface.updateProgress);
+			translation.setHandler("done", me._exportDone);
+			Zotero.UnresponsiveScriptIndicator.disable();
+			Zotero_File_Interface.Progress.show(
+				Zotero.getString("fileInterface.itemsExported")
+			);
+			translation.translate()
+		}
+		return false;
+	}).done();
 }
 	
 /*
@@ -207,9 +208,7 @@ var Zotero_File_Interface = new function() {
 		}
 		
 		var translation = new Zotero.Translate.Import();
-		if(!file) {
-			var translators = translation.getTranslators();
-			
+		(file ? Q(file) : translation.getTranslators().then(function(translators) {
 			const nsIFilePicker = Components.interfaces.nsIFilePicker;
 			var fp = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/filepicker;1"]
 					.createInstance(nsIFilePicker);
@@ -225,15 +224,17 @@ var Zotero_File_Interface = new function() {
 				return false;
 			}
 			
-			file = fp.file;
-		}
-		
-		translation.setLocation(file);
-		// get translators again, bc now we can check against the file
-		translation.setHandler("translators", function(obj, item) {
-			_importTranslatorsAvailable(obj, item, createNewCollection);
-		});
-		translators = translation.getTranslators();
+			return fp.file;
+		})).then(function(file) {
+			if(!file) return; // no file if user cancelled
+
+			translation.setLocation(file);
+			// get translators again, bc now we can check against the file
+			translation.setHandler("translators", function(obj, item) {
+				_importTranslatorsAvailable(obj, item, createNewCollection);
+			});
+			translators = translation.getTranslators();
+		}).done();
 	}
 	
 	
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/lookup.js b/chrome/content/zotero/lookup.js
index 6fc52b44d..21cf2c96f 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/lookup.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/lookup.js
@@ -115,31 +115,32 @@ const Zotero_Lookup = new function () {
 				translate.setSearch(item);
 
 				// be lenient about translators
-				var translators = translate.getTranslators();
-				translate.setTranslator(translators);
+				translate.getTranslators().then(function(translators) {
+					translate.setTranslator(translators);
 
-				translate.setHandler("done", function(translate, success) {
-					notDone--;
-					successful += success;
+					translate.setHandler("done", function(translate, success) {
+						notDone--;
+						successful += success;
 
-					if(!notDone) {	//i.e. done
-						Zotero_Lookup.toggleProgress(false);
-						if(successful) {
-							document.getElementById("zotero-lookup-panel").hidePopup();
-						} else {
-							var prompts = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/embedcomp/prompt-service;1"]
-																			.getService(Components.interfaces.nsIPromptService);
-							prompts.alert(window, Zotero.getString("lookup.failure.title"),
-								Zotero.getString("lookup.failure.description"));
+						if(!notDone) {	//i.e. done
+							Zotero_Lookup.toggleProgress(false);
+							if(successful) {
+								document.getElementById("zotero-lookup-panel").hidePopup();
+							} else {
+								var prompts = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/embedcomp/prompt-service;1"]
+																				.getService(Components.interfaces.nsIPromptService);
+								prompts.alert(window, Zotero.getString("lookup.failure.title"),
+									Zotero.getString("lookup.failure.description"));
+							}
 						}
-					}
-				});
+					});
 
-				translate.setHandler("itemDone", function(obj, item) {
-					if(collection) collection.addItem(item.id);
+					translate.setHandler("itemDone", function(obj, item) {
+						if(collection) collection.addItem(item.id);
+					});
+					
+					translate.translate(libraryID);
 				});
-				
-				translate.translate(libraryID);
 			})(item);
 		}
 
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/tools/testTranslators/testTranslators.js b/chrome/content/zotero/tools/testTranslators/testTranslators.js
index fedc1ef26..bd170febe 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/tools/testTranslators/testTranslators.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/tools/testTranslators/testTranslators.js
@@ -466,12 +466,13 @@ function init() {
 		
 		// get translators, with code for unsupported translators
 		if(!viewerMode) {
-			Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(translatorType, new function() {
+			Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(translatorType, true).
+			then(new function() {
 				var type = translatorType;
 				return function(translators) {
 					haveTranslators(translators, type);
 				}
-			}, true);
+			});
 		}
 	}
 	
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/tools/testTranslators/translatorTester.js b/chrome/content/zotero/tools/testTranslators/translatorTester.js
index ac4c6c499..001aa67f1 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/tools/testTranslators/translatorTester.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/tools/testTranslators/translatorTester.js
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ Zotero_TranslatorTesters = new function() {
 		var testers = [];
 		var waitingForTranslators = TEST_TYPES.length;
 		for(var i=0; i<TEST_TYPES.length; i++) {
-			Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(TEST_TYPES[i], new function() {
+			Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(TEST_TYPES[i], true).
+			then(new function() {
 				var type = TEST_TYPES[i];
 				return function(translators) {
 					try {
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ Zotero_TranslatorTesters = new function() {
 						Zotero.logError(e);
 					}
 				};
-			}, true);
+			});
 		};
 	};
 	
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/schema.js b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/schema.js
index 0dc21698c..6f7655246 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/schema.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/schema.js
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ Zotero.Schema = new function(){
 		var translatorsDir = Zotero.getTranslatorsDirectory();
 		translatorsDir.remove(true);
 		Zotero.getTranslatorsDirectory(); // recreate directory
-		return Zotero.Translators.init()
+		return Zotero.Translators.reinit()
 		.then(function () self.updateBundledFiles('translators', null, false))
 		.then(function () {
 			var stylesDir = Zotero.getStylesDirectory();
@@ -1058,7 +1058,7 @@ Zotero.Schema = new function(){
 		var translatorsDir = Zotero.getTranslatorsDirectory();
 		translatorsDir.remove(true);
 		Zotero.getTranslatorsDirectory(); // recreate directory
-		return Zotero.Translators.init()
+		return Zotero.Translators.reinit()
 		.then(function () self.updateBundledFiles('translators', null, true))
 		.then(callback);
 	}
@@ -1535,7 +1535,7 @@ Zotero.Schema = new function(){
 				}
 				
 				// Rebuild caches
-				yield Zotero.Translators.init();
+				yield Zotero.Translators.reinit();
 				Zotero.Styles.init();
 			}
 			catch (e) {
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/server_connector.js b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/server_connector.js
index f52633b20..9013be4ff 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/server_connector.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/server_connector.js
@@ -89,13 +89,18 @@ Zotero.Server.Connector.GetTranslators.prototype = {
 		// Translator data
 		if(data.url) {
 			var me = this;
-			Zotero.Translators.getWebTranslatorsForLocation(data.url, function(data) {				
+			Zotero.Translators.getWebTranslatorsForLocation(data.url).then(function(data) {				
 				sendResponseCallback(200, "application/json",
 						JSON.stringify(me._serializeTranslators(data[0])));
 			});
 		} else {
-			var responseData = this._serializeTranslators(Zotero.Translators.getAll());
-			sendResponseCallback(200, "application/json", JSON.stringify(responseData));
+			Zotero.Translators.getAll().then(function(translators) {
+				var responseData = this._serializeTranslators(translators);
+				sendResponseCallback(200, "application/json", JSON.stringify(responseData));
+			}).fail(function() {
+				sendResponseCallback(500);
+				throw e;
+			}).done();
 		}
 	},
 	
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/translation/translate.js b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/translation/translate.js
index 1cc1df643..47cf8dbf1 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/translation/translate.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/translation/translate.js
@@ -295,13 +295,8 @@ Zotero.Translate.Sandbox = {
 			var translatorsHandlerSet = false;
 			safeTranslator.getTranslators = function() {
 				if(!translation._handlers["translators"] || !translation._handlers["translators"].length) {
-					if(Zotero.isConnector) {
-						throw new Error('Translator must register a "translators" handler to '+
-							'call getTranslators() in this translation environment.');
-					} else {
-						translate._debug('COMPAT WARNING: Translator must register a "translators" handler to '+
-							'call getTranslators() in connector');
-					}
+					throw new Error('Translator must register a "translators" handler to '+
+						'call getTranslators() in this translation environment.');
 				}
 				if(!translatorsHandlerSet) {
 					translation.setHandler("translators", function() {
@@ -331,76 +326,53 @@ Zotero.Translate.Sandbox = {
 				if(callback) {
 					translate.incrementAsyncProcesses("safeTranslator#getTranslatorObject()");
 				} else {
-					translate._debug("COMPAT WARNING: Translator must pass a callback to getTranslatorObject() to operate in connector");
+					throw new Error("Translator must pass a callback to getTranslatorObject() to "+
+						"operate in this translation environment.");
 				}
 				
-				var sandbox;
-				var haveTranslatorFunction = function(translator) {
-					translation.translator[0] = translator;
-					translation._loadTranslator(translator, function() {
-						if(Zotero.isFx && !Zotero.isBookmarklet) {
-							// do same origin check
-							var secMan = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/scriptsecuritymanager;1"]
-								.getService(Components.interfaces.nsIScriptSecurityManager);
-							var ioService = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/network/io-service;1"] 
-								.getService(Components.interfaces.nsIIOService);
-							
-							var outerSandboxURI = ioService.newURI(typeof translate._sandboxLocation === "object" ?
-								translate._sandboxLocation.location : translate._sandboxLocation, null, null);
-							var innerSandboxURI = ioService.newURI(typeof translation._sandboxLocation === "object" ?
-								translation._sandboxLocation.location : translation._sandboxLocation, null, null);
-							
-							try {
-								secMan.checkSameOriginURI(outerSandboxURI, innerSandboxURI, false);
-							} catch(e) {
-								throw new Error("getTranslatorObject() may not be called from web or search "+
-									"translators to web or search translators from different origins.");
-							}
-						}
+				var translator = translation.translator[0];
+				translation._loadTranslator(translator, function() {
+					if(Zotero.isFx && !Zotero.isBookmarklet) {
+						// do same origin check
+						var secMan = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/scriptsecuritymanager;1"]
+							.getService(Components.interfaces.nsIScriptSecurityManager);
+						var ioService = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/network/io-service;1"] 
+							.getService(Components.interfaces.nsIIOService);
 						
-						translation._prepareTranslation();
-						setDefaultHandlers(translate, translation);
-						sandbox = translation._sandboxManager.sandbox;
-						if(!Zotero.Utilities.isEmpty(sandbox.exports)) {
-							sandbox.exports.Zotero = sandbox.Zotero;
-							sandbox = sandbox.exports;
-						} else {
-							translate._debug("COMPAT WARNING: "+translation.translator[0].label+" does "+
-								"not export any properties. Only detect"+translation._entryFunctionSuffix+
-								" and do"+translation._entryFunctionSuffix+" will be available in "+
-								"connectors.");
-						}
+						var outerSandboxURI = ioService.newURI(typeof translate._sandboxLocation === "object" ?
+							translate._sandboxLocation.location : translate._sandboxLocation, null, null);
+						var innerSandboxURI = ioService.newURI(typeof translation._sandboxLocation === "object" ?
+							translation._sandboxLocation.location : translation._sandboxLocation, null, null);
 						
-						if(callback) {
-							try {
-								callback(sandbox);
-							} catch(e) {
-								translate.complete(false, e);
-								return;
-							}
-							translate.decrementAsyncProcesses("safeTranslator#getTranslatorObject()");
+						try {
+							secMan.checkSameOriginURI(outerSandboxURI, innerSandboxURI, false);
+						} catch(e) {
+							throw new Error("getTranslatorObject() may not be called from web or search "+
+								"translators to web or search translators from different origins.");
 						}
-					});
-				};
-				
-				if(typeof translation.translator[0] === "object") {
-					haveTranslatorFunction(translation.translator[0]);
-					return translation._sandboxManager.sandbox;
-				} else {
-					if(Zotero.isConnector && (!Zotero.isFx || Zotero.isBookmarklet) && !callback) {
-						throw new Error("Translator must pass a callback to getTranslatorObject() to "+
-							"operate in this translation environment.");
 					}
 					
-					Zotero.Translators.get(translation.translator[0], haveTranslatorFunction);
-					if(Zotero.isConnector && Zotero.isFx && !callback) {
-						while(!sandbox && translate._currentState) {
-							// This processNextEvent call is used to handle a deprecated case
-							Zotero.mainThread.processNextEvent(true);
-						}
+					translation._prepareTranslation();
+					setDefaultHandlers(translate, translation);
+					sandbox = translation._sandboxManager.sandbox;
+					if(!Zotero.Utilities.isEmpty(sandbox.exports)) {
+						sandbox.exports.Zotero = sandbox.Zotero;
+						sandbox = sandbox.exports;
+					} else {
+						translate._debug("COMPAT WARNING: "+translation.translator[0].label+" does "+
+							"not export any properties. Only detect"+translation._entryFunctionSuffix+
+							" and do"+translation._entryFunctionSuffix+" will be available in "+
+							"connectors.");
 					}
-					if(sandbox) return sandbox;
-				}
+					
+					try {
+						callback(sandbox);
+					} catch(e) {
+						translate.complete(false, e);
+						return;
+					}
+					translate.decrementAsyncProcesses("safeTranslator#getTranslatorObject()");
+				});
 			};
 			
 			// TODO security is not super-tight here, as someone could pass something into arg
@@ -1010,9 +982,11 @@ Zotero.Translate.Base.prototype = {
 	 * @param {Boolean} [checkSetTranslator] If true, the appropriate detect function is run on the
 	 *     set document/text/etc. using the translator set by setTranslator.
 	 *     getAllTranslators parameter is meaningless in this context.
-	 * @return {Zotero.Translator[]} An array of {@link Zotero.Translator} objects
+	 * @return {Promise} Promise for an array of {@link Zotero.Translator} objects
 	 */
 	"getTranslators":function(getAllTranslators, checkSetTranslator) {
+		var potentialTranslators;
+
 		// do not allow simultaneous instances of getTranslators
 		if(this._currentState === "detect") throw new Error("getTranslators: detection is already running");
 		this._currentState = "detect";
@@ -1021,10 +995,10 @@ Zotero.Translate.Base.prototype = {
 		if(checkSetTranslator) {
 			// setTranslator must be called beforehand if checkSetTranslator is set
 			if( !this.translator || !this.translator[0] ) {
-				throw new Error("getTranslators: translator must be set via setTranslator before calling" +
-													" getTranslators with the checkSetTranslator flag");
+				return Q.reject(new Error("getTranslators: translator must be set via setTranslator before calling" +
+										  " getTranslators with the checkSetTranslator flag"));
 			}
-			var translators = new Array();
+			var promises = new Array();
 			var t;
 			for(var i=0, n=this.translator.length; i<n; i++) {
 				if(typeof(this.translator[i]) == 'string') {
@@ -1034,80 +1008,80 @@ Zotero.Translate.Base.prototype = {
 					t = this.translator[i];
 				}
 				/**TODO: check that the translator is of appropriate type?*/
-				if(t) translators.push(t);
+				if(t) promises.push(t);
 			}
-			if(!translators.length) throw new Error("getTranslators: no valid translators were set.");
-			this._getTranslatorsTranslatorsReceived(translators);
+			if(!promises.length) return Q.reject(new Error("getTranslators: no valid translators were set"));
+			potentialTranslators = Q.all(promises);
 		} else {
-			this._getTranslatorsGetPotentialTranslators();
+			potentialTranslators = this._getTranslatorsGetPotentialTranslators();
 		}
 
 		// if detection returns immediately, return found translators
-		if(!this._currentState) return this._foundTranslators;
-	},
-	
-	/**
-	 * Get all potential translators
-	 * @return {Zotero.Translator[]}
-	 */
-	"_getTranslatorsGetPotentialTranslators":function() {
-		var me = this;
-		Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(this.type,
-			function(translators) { me._getTranslatorsTranslatorsReceived(translators) });
-	},
-	
-	/**
-	 * Called on completion of {@link #_getTranslatorsGetPotentialTranslators} call
-	 */
-	"_getTranslatorsTranslatorsReceived":function(allPotentialTranslators, properToProxyFunctions) {
-		this._potentialTranslators = [];
-		this._foundTranslators = [];
-		
-		// this gets passed out by Zotero.Translators.getWebTranslatorsForLocation() because it is
-		// specific for each translator, but we want to avoid making a copy of a translator whenever
-		// possible.
-		this._properToProxyFunctions = properToProxyFunctions ? properToProxyFunctions : null;
-		this._waitingForRPC = false;
-		
-		for(var i=0, n=allPotentialTranslators.length; i<n; i++) {
-			var translator = allPotentialTranslators[i];
-			if(translator.runMode === Zotero.Translator.RUN_MODE_IN_BROWSER) {
-				this._potentialTranslators.push(translator);
-			} else if(this instanceof Zotero.Translate.Web && Zotero.Connector) {
-				this._waitingForRPC = true;
+		var me = this, deferred = Q.defer();
+		return potentialTranslators.spread(function(allPotentialTranslators, properToProxyFunctions) {
+			me._potentialTranslators = [];
+			me._foundTranslators = [];
+			
+			// this gets passed out by Zotero.Translators.getWebTranslatorsForLocation() because it is
+			// specific for each translator, but we want to avoid making a copy of a translator whenever
+			// possible.
+			me._properToProxyFunctions = properToProxyFunctions ? properToProxyFunctions : null;
+			me._waitingForRPC = false;
+			
+			for(var i=0, n=allPotentialTranslators.length; i<n; i++) {
+				var translator = allPotentialTranslators[i];
+				if(translator.runMode === Zotero.Translator.RUN_MODE_IN_BROWSER) {
+					me._potentialTranslators.push(translator);
+				} else if(me instanceof Zotero.Translate.Web && Zotero.Connector) {
+					me._waitingForRPC = true;
+				}
 			}
-		}
-		
-		if(this._waitingForRPC) {
-			var me = this;
-			Zotero.Connector.callMethod("detect", {"uri":this.location.toString(),
-				"cookie":this.document.cookie,
-				"html":this.document.documentElement.innerHTML},
-				function(returnValue) { me._getTranslatorsRPCComplete(returnValue) });
-		}
-		
-		this._detect();
-	},
-	
-	/**
-	 * Called on completion of detect RPC for
-	 * {@link Zotero.Translate.Base#_getTranslatorsTranslatorsReceived}
-	 */
-	 "_getTranslatorsRPCComplete":function(rpcTranslators) {
-		this._waitingForRPC = false;
-		
-		// if there are translators, add them to the list of found translators
-		if(rpcTranslators) {
-			for(var i=0, n=rpcTranslators.length; i<n; i++) {
-				rpcTranslators[i].runMode = Zotero.Translator.RUN_MODE_ZOTERO_STANDALONE;
+			
+			// Attach handler for translators, so that we can return a
+			// promise that provides them.
+			// TODO make me._detect() return a promise
+			var translatorsHandler = function(obj, translators) {
+				me.removeHandler("translators", translatorsHandler);
+				deferred.resolve(translators);
 			}
-			this._foundTranslators = this._foundTranslators.concat(rpcTranslators);
-		}
-		
-		// call _detectTranslatorsCollected to return detected translators
-		if(this._currentState === null) {
-			this._detectTranslatorsCollected();
-		}
+			me.setHandler("translators", translatorsHandler);
+			me._detect();
+
+			if(me._waitingForRPC) {
+				// Try detect in Zotero Standalone. If this fails, it fails; we shouldn't
+				// get hung up about it.
+				Zotero.Connector.callMethod("detect", {"uri":me.location.toString(),
+					"cookie":me.document.cookie,
+					"html":me.document.documentElement.innerHTML}).then(function(rpcTranslators) {
+						me._waitingForRPC = false;
+						
+						// if there are translators, add them to the list of found translators
+						if(rpcTranslators) {
+							for(var i=0, n=rpcTranslators.length; i<n; i++) {
+								rpcTranslators[i].runMode = Zotero.Translator.RUN_MODE_ZOTERO_STANDALONE;
+							}
+							me._foundTranslators = me._foundTranslators.concat(rpcTranslators);
+						}
+						
+						// call _detectTranslatorsCollected to return detected translators
+						if(me._currentState === null) {
+							me._detectTranslatorsCollected();
+						}
+					});
+			}
+		}).fail(function(e) {
+			Zotero.logError(e);
+			me.complete(false, e);
+		}).then(deferred.promise);
+	},
+
+	/**
+	 * Get all potential translators (without running detect)
+	 * @return {Promise} Promise for an array of {@link Zotero.Translator} objects
+	 */
+	 "_getTranslatorsGetPotentialTranslators":function() {
+		return Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(this.type).
+		then(function(translators) { return [translators] });
 	 },
 
 	/**
@@ -1139,11 +1113,11 @@ Zotero.Translate.Base.prototype = {
 			this._loadTranslator(this.translator[0], function() { me._translateTranslatorLoaded() });
 		} else {
 			// need to get translator first
-			Zotero.Translators.get(this.translator[0],
-					function(translator) {
-						me.translator[0] = translator;
-						me._loadTranslator(translator, function() { me._translateTranslatorLoaded() });
-					});
+			Zotero.Translators.get(this.translator[0]).
+			then(function(translator) {
+				me.translator[0] = translator;
+				me._loadTranslator(translator, function() { me._translateTranslatorLoaded() });
+			});
 		}
 	},
 	
@@ -1682,13 +1656,7 @@ Zotero.Translate.Web.prototype.setLocation = function(location) {
  * Get potential web translators
  */
 Zotero.Translate.Web.prototype._getTranslatorsGetPotentialTranslators = function() {
-	var me = this;
-	Zotero.Translators.getWebTranslatorsForLocation(this.location,
-			function(data) {
-				// data[0] = list of translators
-				// data[1] = list of functions to convert proper URIs to proxied URIs
-				me._getTranslatorsTranslatorsReceived(data[0], data[1]);
-			});
+	return Zotero.Translators.getWebTranslatorsForLocation(this.location);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1920,13 +1888,10 @@ Zotero.Translate.Import.prototype.complete = function(returnValue, error) {
  * Get all potential import translators, ordering translators with the right file extension first
  */
 Zotero.Translate.Import.prototype._getTranslatorsGetPotentialTranslators = function() {
-	if(this.location) {
-		var me = this;
-		Zotero.Translators.getImportTranslatorsForLocation(this.location,
-			function(translators) { me._getTranslatorsTranslatorsReceived(translators) });
-	} else {
-		Zotero.Translate.Base.prototype._getTranslatorsGetPotentialTranslators.call(this);
-	}
+	return (this.location ?
+	        Zotero.Translators.getImportTranslatorsForLocation(this.location) :
+	        Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(this.type)).
+	then(function(translators) { return [translators] });;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1938,12 +1903,13 @@ Zotero.Translate.Import.prototype.getTranslators = function() {
 		if(this._currentState === "detect") throw new Error("getTranslators: detection is already running");
 		this._currentState = "detect";
 		var me = this;
-		Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(this.type, function(translators) {
+		return Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(this.type).
+		then(function(translators) {
 			me._potentialTranslators = [];
 			me._foundTranslators = translators;
 			me.complete(true);
+			return me._foundTranslators;
 		});
-		if(this._currentState === null) return this._foundTranslators;
 	} else {
 		return Zotero.Translate.Base.prototype.getTranslators.call(this);
 	}
@@ -2113,12 +2079,17 @@ Zotero.Translate.Export.prototype.complete = function(returnValue, error) {
  * Overload {@link Zotero.Translate.Base#getTranslators} to return all translators immediately
  */
 Zotero.Translate.Export.prototype.getTranslators = function() {
-	if(this._currentState === "detect") throw new Error("getTranslators: detection is already running");
-	this._currentState = "detect";
-	this._foundTranslators = Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(this.type);
-	this._potentialTranslators = [];
-	this.complete(true);
-	return this._foundTranslators;
+	if(this._currentState === "detect") {
+		return Q.reject(new Error("getTranslators: detection is already running"));
+	}
+	var me = this;
+	return Zotero.Translators.getAllForType(this.type).then(function(translators) {
+		me._currentState = "detect";
+		me._foundTranslators = translators;
+		me._potentialTranslators = [];
+		me.complete(true);
+		return me._foundTranslators;
+	});
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/translation/translator.js b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/translation/translator.js
index 657a27fb8..dbe596db5 100644
--- a/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/translation/translator.js
+++ b/chrome/content/zotero/xpcom/translation/translator.js
@@ -37,9 +37,7 @@ Zotero.Translators = new function() {
 	/**
 	 * Initializes translator cache, loading all relevant translators into memory
 	 */
-	this.init = Q.async(function() {
-		_initialized = true;
-		
+	this.reinit = Q.async(function() {
 		var start = (new Date()).getTime();
 		var transactionStarted = false;
 		
@@ -136,6 +134,7 @@ Zotero.Translators = new function() {
 		
 		Zotero.debug("Cached "+i+" translators in "+((new Date()).getTime() - start)+" ms");
 	});
+	this.init = Zotero.lazy(this.reinit);
 	
 	/**
 	 * Gets the translator that corresponds to a given ID
@@ -144,15 +143,10 @@ Zotero.Translators = new function() {
 	 *                              retrieved. If no callback is specified, translators are
 	 *                              returned.
 	 */
-	this.get = function(id, callback) {
-		if(!_initialized) this.init();
-		var translator = _translators[id] ? _translators[id] : false;
-		
-		if(callback) {
-			callback(translator);
-			return true;
-		}
-		return translator;
+	this.get = function(id) {
+		return this.init().then(function() {
+			return  _translators[id] ? _translators[id] : false
+		});
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -162,23 +156,19 @@ Zotero.Translators = new function() {
 	 *                              retrieved. If no callback is specified, translators are
 	 *                              returned.
 	 */
-	this.getAllForType = function(type, callback) {
-		if(!_initialized) this.init()
-		
-		var translators = _cache[type].slice(0);
-		if(callback) {
-			callback(translators);
-			return true;
-		}
-		return translators;
+	this.getAllForType = function(type) {
+		return this.init().then(function() {
+			return _cache[type].slice();
+		});
 	}
 	
 	/**
 	 * Gets all translators for a specific type of translation
 	 */
 	this.getAll = function() {
-		if(!_initialized) this.init();
-		return [translator for each(translator in _translators)];
+		return this.init().then(function() {
+			return [translator for each(translator in _translators)];
+		});
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -191,76 +181,73 @@ Zotero.Translators = new function() {
 	 *                              argument.
 	 */
 	this.getWebTranslatorsForLocation = function(uri, callback) {
-		var allTranslators = this.getAllForType("web");
-		var potentialTranslators = [];
-		
-		var properHosts = [];
-		var proxyHosts = [];
-		
-		var properURI = Zotero.Proxies.proxyToProper(uri);
-		var knownProxy = properURI !== uri;
-		if(knownProxy) {
-			// if we know this proxy, just use the proper URI for detection
-			var searchURIs = [properURI];
-		} else {
-			var searchURIs = [uri];
+		return this.getAllForType("web").then(function(allTranslators) {
+			var potentialTranslators = [];
 			
-			// if there is a subdomain that is also a TLD, also test against URI with the domain
-			// dropped after the TLD
-			// (i.e., www.nature.com.mutex.gmu.edu => www.nature.com)
-			var m = /^(https?:\/\/)([^\/]+)/i.exec(uri);
-			if(m) {
-				// First, drop the 0- if it exists (this is an III invention)
-				var host = m[2];
-				if(host.substr(0, 2) === "0-") host = host.substr(2);
-				var hostnames = host.split(".");
-				for(var i=1; i<hostnames.length-2; i++) {
-					if(TLDS[hostnames[i].toLowerCase()]) {
-						var properHost = hostnames.slice(0, i+1).join(".");
-						searchURIs.push(m[1]+properHost+uri.substr(m[0].length));
-						properHosts.push(properHost);
-						proxyHosts.push(hostnames.slice(i+1).join("."));
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		
-		Zotero.debug("Translators: Looking for translators for "+searchURIs.join(", "));
-		
-		var converterFunctions = [];
-		for(var i=0; i<allTranslators.length; i++) {
-			for(var j=0; j<searchURIs.length; j++) {
-				if((!allTranslators[i].webRegexp
-						&& allTranslators[i].runMode === Zotero.Translator.RUN_MODE_IN_BROWSER)
-						|| (uri.length < 8192 && allTranslators[i].webRegexp.test(searchURIs[j]))) {
-					// add translator to list
-					potentialTranslators.push(allTranslators[i]);
-					
-					if(j === 0) {
-						if(knownProxy) {
-							converterFunctions.push(Zotero.Proxies.properToProxy);
-						} else {
-							converterFunctions.push(null);
+			var properHosts = [];
+			var proxyHosts = [];
+			
+			var properURI = Zotero.Proxies.proxyToProper(uri);
+			var knownProxy = properURI !== uri;
+			if(knownProxy) {
+				// if we know this proxy, just use the proper URI for detection
+				var searchURIs = [properURI];
+			} else {
+				var searchURIs = [uri];
+				
+				// if there is a subdomain that is also a TLD, also test against URI with the domain
+				// dropped after the TLD
+				// (i.e., www.nature.com.mutex.gmu.edu => www.nature.com)
+				var m = /^(https?:\/\/)([^\/]+)/i.exec(uri);
+				if(m) {
+					// First, drop the 0- if it exists (this is an III invention)
+					var host = m[2];
+					if(host.substr(0, 2) === "0-") host = host.substr(2);
+					var hostnames = host.split(".");
+					for(var i=1; i<hostnames.length-2; i++) {
+						if(TLDS[hostnames[i].toLowerCase()]) {
+							var properHost = hostnames.slice(0, i+1).join(".");
+							searchURIs.push(m[1]+properHost+uri.substr(m[0].length));
+							properHosts.push(properHost);
+							proxyHosts.push(hostnames.slice(i+1).join("."));
 						}
-					} else {
-						converterFunctions.push(new function() {
-							var re = new RegExp('^https?://(?:[^/]\\.)?'+Zotero.Utilities.quotemeta(properHosts[j-1]), "gi");
-							var proxyHost = proxyHosts[j-1].replace(/\$/g, "$$$$");
-							return function(uri) { return uri.replace(re, "$&."+proxyHost) };
-						});
 					}
-					
-					// don't add translator more than once
-					break;
 				}
 			}
-		}
-		
-		if(callback) {
-			callback([potentialTranslators, converterFunctions]);
-			return true;
-		}
-		return potentialTranslators;
+			
+			Zotero.debug("Translators: Looking for translators for "+searchURIs.join(", "));
+			
+			var converterFunctions = [];
+			for(var i=0; i<allTranslators.length; i++) {
+				for(var j=0; j<searchURIs.length; j++) {
+					if((!allTranslators[i].webRegexp
+							&& allTranslators[i].runMode === Zotero.Translator.RUN_MODE_IN_BROWSER)
+							|| (uri.length < 8192 && allTranslators[i].webRegexp.test(searchURIs[j]))) {
+						// add translator to list
+						potentialTranslators.push(allTranslators[i]);
+						
+						if(j === 0) {
+							if(knownProxy) {
+								converterFunctions.push(Zotero.Proxies.properToProxy);
+							} else {
+								converterFunctions.push(null);
+							}
+						} else {
+							converterFunctions.push(new function() {
+								var re = new RegExp('^https?://(?:[^/]\\.)?'+Zotero.Utilities.quotemeta(properHosts[j-1]), "gi");
+								var proxyHost = proxyHosts[j-1].replace(/\$/g, "$$$$");
+								return function(uri) { return uri.replace(re, "$&."+proxyHost) };
+							});
+						}
+						
+						// don't add translator more than once
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			
+			return [potentialTranslators, converterFunctions];
+		});
 	}
 	
 	/**
@@ -271,24 +258,25 @@ Zotero.Translators = new function() {
 	 *                              returned.
 	 */
 	this.getImportTranslatorsForLocation = function(location, callback) {	
-		var allTranslators = Zotero.Translators.getAllForType("import");
-		var tier1Translators = [];
-		var tier2Translators = [];
-		
-		for(var i=0; i<allTranslators.length; i++) {
-			if(allTranslators[i].importRegexp && allTranslators[i].importRegexp.test(location)) {
-				tier1Translators.push(allTranslators[i]);
-			} else {
-				tier2Translators.push(allTranslators[i]);
+		return Zotero.Translators.getAllForType("import").then(function(allTranslators) {
+			var tier1Translators = [];
+			var tier2Translators = [];
+			
+			for(var i=0; i<allTranslators.length; i++) {
+				if(allTranslators[i].importRegexp && allTranslators[i].importRegexp.test(location)) {
+					tier1Translators.push(allTranslators[i]);
+				} else {
+					tier2Translators.push(allTranslators[i]);
+				}
 			}
-		}
-		
-		var translators = tier1Translators.concat(tier2Translators);
-		if(callback) {
-			callback(translators);
-			return true;
-		}
-		return translators;
+			
+			var translators = tier1Translators.concat(tier2Translators);
+			if(callback) {
+				callback(translators);
+				return true;
+			}
+			return translators;
+		});
 	}
 	
 	/**