man-pages/de/man8/grpck.8.html
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<H1>GRPCK</H1>
Section: Befehle zur Systemverwaltung (8)<BR>Updated: 28.05.2020<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
<A NAME="lbAB">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NAME</H2>
grpck - &uuml;berpr&uuml;ft die Stimmigkeit der Gruppendateien
<A NAME="lbAC">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>&Uuml;BERSICHT</H2>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT id="1">
<B>grpck</B> [Optionen] [<I>Gruppe</I>&nbsp;[&nbsp;<I>shadow</I>&nbsp;]]
</DL>
<A NAME="lbAD">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>BESCHREIBUNG</H2>
<P>
<DD>The
<B>grpck</B>
command verifies the integrity of the groups information. It checks that all entries in
/etc/group
and /etc/gshadow
have the proper format and contain valid data. The user is prompted to delete entries that are improperly formatted or which have other uncorrectable errors.
<P>
Es wird &uuml;berpr&uuml;ft, ob jeder Eintrag folgende Eigenschaften aufweist:
<P>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="2"><DD>
&bull;
die richtige Anzahl von Feldern
</DL>
<P>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="3"><DD>
&bull;
einen eindeutigen und g&uuml;ltigen Gruppennamen
</DL>
<P>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="4"><DD>
&bull;
a valid group identifier
(/etc/group only)
</DL>
<P>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="5"><DD>
&bull;
a valid list of members
and administrators
</DL>
<P>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="6"><DD>
&bull;
a corresponding entry in the
/etc/gshadow
file (respectively
/etc/group
for the
gshadow
checks)
</DL>
<P>
The checks for correct number of fields and unique group name are fatal. If an entry has the wrong number of fields, the user will be prompted to delete the entire line. If the user does not answer affirmatively, all further checks are bypassed. An entry with a duplicated group name is prompted for deletion, but the remaining checks will still be made. All other errors are warnings and the user is encouraged to run the
<B>groupmod</B>
command to correct the error.
<P>
The commands which operate on the
/etc/group
and /etc/gshadow files
are not able to alter corrupted or duplicated entries.
<B>grpck</B>
should be used in those circumstances to remove the offending entries.
<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>OPTIONEN</H2>
<P>
The
<B>-r</B>
and
<B>-s</B>
options cannot be combined.
<P>
The options which apply to the
<B>grpck</B>
command are:
<P>
<B>-h</B>, <B>--help</B>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="7"><DD>
zeigt die Hilfe an und beendet das Programm
</DL>
<P>
<B>-r</B>, <B>--read-only</B>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="8"><DD>
Execute the
<B>grpck</B>
command in read-only mode. This causes all questions regarding changes to be answered
<I>no</I>
without user intervention.
</DL>
<P>
<B>-R</B>, <B>--root</B>&nbsp;<I>CHROOT_DIR</I>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="9"><DD>
Apply changes in the
<I>CHROOT_DIR</I>
directory and use the configuration files from the
<I>CHROOT_DIR</I>
directory.
</DL>
<P>
<B>-s</B>, <B>--sort</B>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="10"><DD>
Sort entries in
/etc/group
and /etc/gshadow
by GID.
</DL>
<P>
By default,
<B>grpck</B>
operates on
/etc/group
and /etc/gshadow. The user may select alternate files with the
<I>group</I>
and <I>shadow</I> parameters.
<A NAME="lbAF">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>KONFIGURATION</H2>
<P>
The following configuration variables in
/etc/login.defs
change the behavior of this tool:
<P>
<B>MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP</B> (number)
<DL COMPACT><DT id="11"><DD>
Maximum members per group entry. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in
/etc/group
(with the same name, same password, and same GID).
<P>
Der Standardwert ist 0, was zur Folge hat, dass die Anzahl der Mitglieder einer Gruppe nicht begrenzt ist.
<P>
Diese F&auml;higkeit (der aufgeteilten Gruppe) erm&ouml;glicht es, die Zeilenl&auml;nge in der Gruppendatei zu begrenzen. Damit kann sichergestellt werden, dass die Zeilen f&uuml;r NIS-Gruppen nicht l&auml;nger als 1024 Zeichen sind.
<P>
Falls Sie eine solche Begrenzung ben&ouml;tigen, k&ouml;nnen Sie 25 verwenden.
<P>
Hinweis: Aufgeteilte Gruppen werden m&ouml;glicherweise nicht von allen Werkzeugen unterst&uuml;tzt, selbst nicht aus der Shadow-Werkzeugsammlung. Sie sollten diese Variable nur setzen, falls Sie zwingend darauf angewiesen sind.
</DL>
<A NAME="lbAG">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>DATEIEN</H2>
<P>
/etc/group
<DL COMPACT><DT id="12"><DD>
Informationen zu den Gruppenkonten
</DL>
<P>
/etc/gshadow
<DL COMPACT><DT id="13"><DD>
sichere Informationen zu den Gruppenkonten
</DL>
<P>
/etc/passwd
<DL COMPACT><DT id="14"><DD>
Informationen zu den Benutzerkonten
</DL>
<A NAME="lbAH">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>R&Uuml;CKGABEWERTE</H2>
<P>
The
<B>grpck</B>
command exits with the following values:
<P>
<I>0</I>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="15"><DD>
success
</DL>
<P>
<I>1</I>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="16"><DD>
invalid command syntax
</DL>
<P>
<I>2</I>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="17"><DD>
one or more bad group entries
</DL>
<P>
<I>3</I>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="18"><DD>
can't open group files
</DL>
<P>
<I>4</I>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="19"><DD>
can't lock group files
</DL>
<P>
<I>5</I>
<DL COMPACT><DT id="20"><DD>
can't update group files
</DL>
<A NAME="lbAI">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SIEHE AUCH</H2>
<P>
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+group">group</A></B>(5),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+groupmod">groupmod</A></B>(8),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+gshadow">gshadow</A></B>(5),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+passwd">passwd</A></B>(5),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+pwck">pwck</A></B>(8),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+shadow">shadow</A></B>(5).
<P>
<HR>
<A NAME="index">&nbsp;</A><H2>Index</H2>
<DL>
<DT id="21"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
<DT id="22"><A HREF="#lbAC">&Uuml;BERSICHT</A><DD>
<DT id="23"><A HREF="#lbAD">BESCHREIBUNG</A><DD>
<DT id="24"><A HREF="#lbAE">OPTIONEN</A><DD>
<DT id="25"><A HREF="#lbAF">KONFIGURATION</A><DD>
<DT id="26"><A HREF="#lbAG">DATEIEN</A><DD>
<DT id="27"><A HREF="#lbAH">R&Uuml;CKGABEWERTE</A><DD>
<DT id="28"><A HREF="#lbAI">SIEHE AUCH</A><DD>
</DL>
<HR>
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Time: 00:04:58 GMT, March 31, 2021
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