262 lines
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262 lines
7.5 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Man page of XINIT</TITLE>
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</HEAD><BODY>
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<H1>XINIT</H1>
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Section: User Commands (1)<BR>Updated: xinit 1.4.1<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
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<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
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<A NAME="lbAB"> </A>
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<H2>NAME</H2>
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xinit - X Window System initializer
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<A NAME="lbAC"> </A>
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<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
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<B>xinit</B>
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[ [
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<I>client</I>
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]
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<I>options</I>
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... ] [
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<B>--</B>
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[
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<I>server</I>
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] [
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<I>display</I>
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]
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<I>options</I>
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... ]
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<A NAME="lbAD"> </A>
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<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
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The <B>xinit</B> program is used to start the X Window System server and a first
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client program on systems that are not using a display manager such as
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+xdm">xdm</A></B>(1)
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or in environments
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that use multiple window systems. When this first client exits,
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<B>xinit</B> will kill the X server and then terminate.
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<P>
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If no specific client program is given on the command line,
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<B>xinit</B> will look for a file in the user's home directory
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called <I>.xinitrc</I> to run as a shell script to start up client programs.
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If no such file exists, <B>xinit</B> will use the following as a default:
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<P>
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<TT> </TT>xterm -geometry +1+1 -n login -display :0<BR>
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<P>
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<P>
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If no specific server program is given on the command line,
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<B>xinit</B> will look for a file in the user's home directory
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called <I>.xserverrc</I> to run as a shell script to start up the server.
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If no such file exists, <I>xinit</I> will use the following as a default:
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<P>
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<TT> </TT>X :0<BR>
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<P>
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Note that this assumes that there is a program named <I>X</I> in the current
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search path. The site administrator should, therefore, make a link to the
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appropriate type of server on the machine, or create a shell script that
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runs <B>xinit</B> with the appropriate server.
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<P>
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Note, when using a <I>.xserverrc</I> script be sure to ``exec'' the real X server.
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Failing to do this can make the X server slow to start and exit. For example:
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<P>
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<TT> </TT>exec Xdisplaytype<BR>
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<P>
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An important point is that programs which are run by <I>.xinitrc</I>
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should be run in the background if they do
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not exit right away, so that they don't prevent other programs from
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starting up.
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However, the last long-lived program started (usually
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a window manager or terminal emulator) should be
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left in the foreground so that the script won't exit (which
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indicates that the user is done and that <B>xinit</B> should exit).
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<P>
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An alternate client and/or server may be specified on the
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command line. The desired client program and its arguments should be given
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as the first command line arguments to <B>xinit</B>. To specify a particular
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server command line, append a double dash (--) to the <B>xinit</B> command
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line (after any client and arguments) followed by the desired server command.
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<P>
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Both the client program name and the server program name must begin with a
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slash (/) or a period (.). Otherwise, they are treated as an arguments to be
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appended to their respective startup lines. This makes it possible to
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add arguments (for example, foreground and background colors) without
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having to retype the whole command line.
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<P>
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If an explicit server name is not given and the first argument following the
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double dash (--) is a colon followed by a digit, <B>xinit</B> will use that
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number as the display
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number instead of zero. All remaining arguments are appended to the server
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command line.
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<P>
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<A NAME="lbAE"> </A>
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<H2>EXAMPLES</H2>
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Below are several examples of how command line arguments in <B>xinit</B> are
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used.
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="1"><B>xinit</B>
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<DD>
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This will start up a server named <I>X</I> and run the user's <I>.xinitrc</I>,
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if it exists, or else start an <I>xterm</I>.
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<DT id="2"><B>xinit -- /usr/bin/Xvnc :1</B>
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<DD>
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This is how one could start a specific type of server on an alternate display.
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<DT id="3"><B>xinit -geometry =80x65+10+10 -fn 8x13 -j -fg white -bg navy</B>
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<DD>
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This will start up a server named <I>X</I>, and will append the given
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arguments to the default <I>xterm</I> command. It will ignore <I>.xinitrc</I>.
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<DT id="4"><B>xinit -e widgets -- ./Xorg -l -c</B>
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<DD>
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This will use the command <I>./Xorg -l -c</I> to start the server and will
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append the arguments <I>-e widgets</I> to the default <I>xterm</I> command.
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<DT id="5"><B>xinit /usr/ucb/rsh fasthost cpupig -display ws:1 -- :1 -a 2 -t 5</B>
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<DD>
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This will start a server named <I>X</I> on display 1 with the arguments
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<I>-a 2 -t 5</I>. It will then start a remote shell on the machine
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<B>fasthost</B> in which it will run the command <I>cpupig</I>, telling it
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to display back on the local workstation.
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</DL>
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<P>
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Below is a sample <I>.xinitrc</I> that starts a clock, several terminals, and
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leaves the window manager running as the ``last'' application. Assuming that
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the window manager has been configured properly, the user
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then chooses the ``Exit'' menu item to shut down X.
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<P>
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<PRE>
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xrdb -load $HOME/.Xresources
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xsetroot -solid gray &
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xclock -g 50x50-0+0 -bw 0 &
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xload -g 50x50-50+0 -bw 0 &
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xterm -g 80x24+0+0 &
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xterm -g 80x24+0-0 &
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twm
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Sites that want to create a common startup environment could simply create
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a default <I>.xinitrc</I> that references a site-wide startup file:
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<P>
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<PRE>
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#!/bin/sh
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. /etc/X11/xinit/site.xinitrc
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</PRE>
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<P>
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Another approach is to write a script that starts <B>xinit</B> with a specific
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shell script. Such scripts are usually named <I>x11</I>, <I>xstart</I>, or
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<I>startx</I> and are a convenient way to provide a simple interface for
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novice users:
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<P>
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<PRE>
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#!/bin/sh
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xinit /etc/X11/xinit/site.xinitrc -- /usr/bin/X -br
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</PRE>
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<P>
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<A NAME="lbAF"> </A>
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<H2>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</H2>
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="6"><B>DISPLAY</B>
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<DD>
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This variable gets set to the name of the display to which clients should
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connect.
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<DT id="7"><B>XINITRC</B>
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<DD>
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This variable specifies an init file containing shell commands to start up the
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initial windows. By default, <I>.xinitrc</I> in the home directory will be
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used.
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAG"> </A>
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<H2>FILES</H2>
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="8"><I>.xinitrc</I>
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<DD>
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default client script
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<DT id="9"><I>xterm</I>
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<DD>
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client to run if <I>.xinitrc</I> does not exist
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<DT id="10"><I>.xserverrc</I>
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<DD>
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default server script
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<DT id="11"><I>X</I>
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<DD>
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server to run if <I>.xserverrc</I> does not exist
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAH"> </A>
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<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+X">X</A></B>(7),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+startx">startx</A></B>(1),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+Xserver">Xserver</A></B>(1),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+Xorg">Xorg</A></B>(1),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+xorg.conf">xorg.conf</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+xterm">xterm</A></B>(1)
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<A NAME="lbAI"> </A>
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<H2>AUTHOR</H2>
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Bob Scheifler, MIT Laboratory for Computer Science
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<P>
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<HR>
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<A NAME="index"> </A><H2>Index</H2>
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<DL>
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<DT id="12"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
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<DT id="13"><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
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<DT id="14"><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
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<DT id="15"><A HREF="#lbAE">EXAMPLES</A><DD>
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<DT id="16"><A HREF="#lbAF">ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</A><DD>
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<DT id="17"><A HREF="#lbAG">FILES</A><DD>
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<DT id="18"><A HREF="#lbAH">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
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<DT id="19"><A HREF="#lbAI">AUTHOR</A><DD>
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</DL>
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<HR>
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This document was created by
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<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>,
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using the manual pages.<BR>
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Time: 00:05:30 GMT, March 31, 2021
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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