man-pages/man2/pread.2.html
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<H1>PREAD</H1>
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (2)<BR>Updated: 2017-09-15<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
<A NAME="lbAB">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NAME</H2>
pread, pwrite - read from or write to a file descriptor at a given offset
<A NAME="lbAC">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
<B>#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/unistd.h">unistd.h</A>&gt;</B>
<P>
<B>ssize_t pread(int </B><I>fd</I><B>, void *</B><I>buf</I><B>, size_t </B><I>count</I><B>, off_t </B><I>offset</I><B>);</B>
<P>
<B>ssize_t pwrite(int </B><I>fd</I><B>, const void *</B><I>buf</I><B>, size_t </B><I>count</I><B>, off_t </B><I>offset</I><B>);</B>
<P>
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+feature_test_macros">feature_test_macros</A></B>(7)):
<P>
<B>pread</B>(),
<B>pwrite</B>():
<DL COMPACT><DT id="1"><DD>
_XOPEN_SOURCE&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;500
<BR>
|| /* Since glibc 2.12: */ _POSIX_C_SOURCE&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;200809L
</DL>
<A NAME="lbAD">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
<B>pread</B>()
reads up to
<I>count</I>
bytes from file descriptor
<I>fd</I>
at offset
<I>offset</I>
(from the start of the file) into the buffer starting at
<I>buf</I>.
The file offset is not changed.
<P>
<B>pwrite</B>()
writes up to
<I>count</I>
bytes from the buffer starting at
<I>buf</I>
to the file descriptor
<I>fd</I>
at offset
<I>offset</I>.
The file offset is not changed.
<P>
The file referenced by
<I>fd</I>
must be capable of seeking.
<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2>
On success,
<B>pread</B>()
returns the number of bytes read
(a return of zero indicates end of file)
and
<B>pwrite</B>()
returns the number of bytes written.
<P>
Note that it is not an error for a successful call to transfer fewer bytes
than requested (see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+read">read</A></B>(2)
and
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+write">write</A></B>(2)).
<P>
On error, -1 is returned and
<I>errno</I>
is set to indicate the cause of the error.
<A NAME="lbAF">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>ERRORS</H2>
<B>pread</B>()
can fail and set
<I>errno</I>
to any error specified for
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+read">read</A></B>(2)
or
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+lseek">lseek</A></B>(2).
<B>pwrite</B>()
can fail and set
<I>errno</I>
to any error specified for
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+write">write</A></B>(2)
or
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+lseek">lseek</A></B>(2).
<A NAME="lbAG">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>VERSIONS</H2>
The
<B>pread</B>()
and
<B>pwrite</B>()
system calls were added to Linux in
version 2.1.60; the entries in the i386 system call table were added
in 2.1.69.
C library support (including emulation using
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+lseek">lseek</A></B>(2)
on older kernels without the system calls) was added in glibc 2.1.
<A NAME="lbAH">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>CONFORMING TO</H2>
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008.
<A NAME="lbAI">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NOTES</H2>
The
<B>pread</B>()
and
<B>pwrite</B>()
system calls are especially useful in multithreaded applications.
They allow multiple threads to perform I/O on the same file descriptor
without being affected by changes to the file offset by other threads.
<A NAME="lbAJ">&nbsp;</A>
<H3>C library/kernel differences</H3>
On Linux, the underlying system calls were renamed
in kernel 2.6:
<B>pread</B>()
became
<B>pread64</B>(),
and
<B>pwrite</B>()
became
<B>pwrite64</B>().
The system call numbers remained the same.
The glibc
<B>pread</B>()
and
<B>pwrite</B>()
wrapper functions transparently deal with the change.
<P>
On some 32-bit architectures,
the calling signature for these system calls differ,
for the reasons described in
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+syscall">syscall</A></B>(2).
<A NAME="lbAK">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>BUGS</H2>
POSIX requires that opening a file with the
<B>O_APPEND</B>
flag should have no effect on the location at which
<B>pwrite</B>()
writes data.
However, on Linux, if a file is opened with
<B>O_APPEND</B>,
<B>pwrite</B>()
appends data to the end of the file, regardless of the value of
<I>offset</I>.
<A NAME="lbAL">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+lseek">lseek</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+read">read</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+readv">readv</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+write">write</A></B>(2)
<A NAME="lbAM">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>COLOPHON</H2>
This page is part of release 5.05 of the Linux
<I>man-pages</I>
project.
A description of the project,
information about reporting bugs,
and the latest version of this page,
can be found at
<A HREF="https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.">https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.</A>
<P>
<HR>
<A NAME="index">&nbsp;</A><H2>Index</H2>
<DL>
<DT id="2"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
<DT id="3"><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
<DT id="4"><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
<DT id="5"><A HREF="#lbAE">RETURN VALUE</A><DD>
<DT id="6"><A HREF="#lbAF">ERRORS</A><DD>
<DT id="7"><A HREF="#lbAG">VERSIONS</A><DD>
<DT id="8"><A HREF="#lbAH">CONFORMING TO</A><DD>
<DT id="9"><A HREF="#lbAI">NOTES</A><DD>
<DL>
<DT id="10"><A HREF="#lbAJ">C library/kernel differences</A><DD>
</DL>
<DT id="11"><A HREF="#lbAK">BUGS</A><DD>
<DT id="12"><A HREF="#lbAL">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
<DT id="13"><A HREF="#lbAM">COLOPHON</A><DD>
</DL>
<HR>
This document was created by
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Time: 00:05:33 GMT, March 31, 2021
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