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<H1>SCHED_SETSCHEDULER</H1>
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (2)<BR>Updated: 2017-09-15<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
<A NAME="lbAB">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NAME</H2>
sched_setscheduler, sched_getscheduler -
set and get scheduling policy/parameters
<A NAME="lbAC">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
<PRE>
<B>#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/sched.h">sched.h</A>&gt;</B>
<B>int sched_setscheduler(pid_t </B><I>pid</I><B>, int </B><I>policy</I><B>,</B>
<B> const struct sched_param *</B><I>param</I><B>);</B>
<B>int sched_getscheduler(pid_t </B><I>pid</I><B>);</B>
</PRE>
<A NAME="lbAD">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
The
<B>sched_setscheduler</B>()
system call
sets both the scheduling policy and parameters for the
thread whose ID is specified in <I>pid</I>.
If <I>pid</I> equals zero, the
scheduling policy and parameters of the calling thread will be set.
<P>
The scheduling parameters are specified in the
<I>param</I>
argument, which is a pointer to a structure of the following form:
<P>
struct sched_param {
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;...
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;int&nbsp;sched_priority;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;...
};
<P>
In the current implementation, the structure contains only one field,
<I>sched_priority</I>.
The interpretation of
<I>param</I>
depends on the selected policy.
<P>
Currently, Linux supports the following &quot;normal&quot;
(i.e., non-real-time) scheduling policies as values that may be specified in
<I>policy</I>:
<DL COMPACT>
<DT id="1"><B>SCHED_OTHER</B>
<DD>
the standard round-robin time-sharing policy;
<DT id="2"><B>SCHED_BATCH</B>
<DD>
for &quot;batch&quot; style execution of processes; and
<DT id="3"><B>SCHED_IDLE</B>
<DD>
for running
<I>very</I>
low priority background jobs.
</DL>
<P>
For each of the above policies,
<I>param-&gt;sched_priority</I>
must be 0.
<P>
Various &quot;real-time&quot; policies are also supported,
for special time-critical applications that need precise control over
the way in which runnable threads are selected for execution.
For the rules governing when a process may use these policies, see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+sched">sched</A></B>(7).
The real-time policies that may be specified in
<I>policy</I>
are:
<DL COMPACT>
<DT id="4"><B>SCHED_FIFO</B>
<DD>
a first-in, first-out policy; and
<DT id="5"><B>SCHED_RR</B>
<DD>
a round-robin policy.
</DL>
<P>
For each of the above policies,
<I>param-&gt;sched_priority</I>
specifies a scheduling priority for the thread.
This is a number in the range returned by calling
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_get_priority_min">sched_get_priority_min</A></B>(2)
and
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_get_priority_max">sched_get_priority_max</A></B>(2)
with the specified
<I>policy</I>.
On Linux, these system calls return, respectively, 1 and 99.
<P>
Since Linux 2.6.32, the
<B>SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK</B>
flag can be ORed in
<I>policy</I>
when calling
<B>sched_setscheduler</B>().
As a result of including this flag, children created by
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+fork">fork</A></B>(2)
do not inherit privileged scheduling policies.
See
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+sched">sched</A></B>(7)
for details.
<P>
<B>sched_getscheduler</B>()
returns the current scheduling policy of the thread
identified by <I>pid</I>.
If <I>pid</I> equals zero, the policy of the
calling thread will be retrieved.
<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2>
On success,
<B>sched_setscheduler</B>()
returns zero.
On success,
<B>sched_getscheduler</B>()
returns the policy for the thread (a nonnegative integer).
On error, both calls return -1, and
<I>errno</I>
is set appropriately.
<A NAME="lbAF">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>ERRORS</H2>
<DL COMPACT>
<DT id="6"><B>EINVAL</B>
<DD>
Invalid arguments:
<I>pid</I>
is negative or
<I>param</I>
is NULL.
<DT id="7"><B>EINVAL</B>
<DD>
(<B>sched_setscheduler</B>())
<I>policy</I>
is not one of the recognized policies.
<DT id="8"><B>EINVAL</B>
<DD>
(<B>sched_setscheduler</B>())
<I>param</I>
does not make sense for the specified
<I>policy</I>.
<DT id="9"><B>EPERM</B>
<DD>
The calling thread does not have appropriate privileges.
<DT id="10"><B>ESRCH</B>
<DD>
The thread whose ID is <I>pid</I> could not be found.
</DL>
<A NAME="lbAG">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>CONFORMING TO</H2>
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008 (but see BUGS below).
The <B>SCHED_BATCH</B> and <B>SCHED_IDLE</B> policies are Linux-specific.
<A NAME="lbAH">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NOTES</H2>
Further details of the semantics of all of the above &quot;normal&quot;
and &quot;real-time&quot; scheduling policies can be found in the
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+sched">sched</A></B>(7)
manual page.
That page also describes an additional policy,
<B>SCHED_DEADLINE</B>,
which is settable only via
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_setattr">sched_setattr</A></B>(2).
<P>
POSIX systems on which
<B>sched_setscheduler</B>()
and
<B>sched_getscheduler</B>()
are available define
<B>_POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING</B>
in <I>&lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/unistd.h">unistd.h</A>&gt;</I>.
<P>
POSIX.1 does not detail the permissions that an unprivileged
thread requires in order to call
<B>sched_setscheduler</B>(),
and details vary across systems.
For example, the Solaris 7 manual page says that
the real or effective user ID of the caller must
match the real user ID or the save set-user-ID of the target.
<P>
The scheduling policy and parameters are in fact per-thread
attributes on Linux.
The value returned from a call to
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+gettid">gettid</A></B>(2)
can be passed in the argument
<I>pid</I>.
Specifying
<I>pid</I>
as 0 will operate on the attributes of the calling thread,
and passing the value returned from a call to
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+getpid">getpid</A></B>(2)
will operate on the attributes of the main thread of the thread group.
(If you are using the POSIX threads API, then use
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+pthread_setschedparam">pthread_setschedparam</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+pthread_getschedparam">pthread_getschedparam</A></B>(3),
and
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+pthread_setschedprio">pthread_setschedprio</A></B>(3),
instead of the
<B>sched_*</B>(2)
system calls.)
<A NAME="lbAI">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>BUGS</H2>
POSIX.1 says that on success,
<B>sched_setscheduler</B>()
should return the previous scheduling policy.
Linux
<B>sched_setscheduler</B>()
does not conform to this requirement,
since it always returns 0 on success.
<A NAME="lbAJ">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+chrt">chrt</A></B>(1),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+nice">nice</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_get_priority_max">sched_get_priority_max</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_get_priority_min">sched_get_priority_min</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_getaffinity">sched_getaffinity</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_getattr">sched_getattr</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_getparam">sched_getparam</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_rr_get_interval">sched_rr_get_interval</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_setaffinity">sched_setaffinity</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_setattr">sched_setattr</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_setparam">sched_setparam</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+sched_yield">sched_yield</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?2+setpriority">setpriority</A></B>(2),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+capabilities">capabilities</A></B>(7),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+cpuset">cpuset</A></B>(7),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+sched">sched</A></B>(7)
<A NAME="lbAK">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>COLOPHON</H2>
This page is part of release 5.05 of the Linux
<I>man-pages</I>
project.
A description of the project,
information about reporting bugs,
and the latest version of this page,
can be found at
<A HREF="https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.">https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.</A>
<P>
<HR>
<A NAME="index">&nbsp;</A><H2>Index</H2>
<DL>
<DT id="11"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
<DT id="12"><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
<DT id="13"><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
<DT id="14"><A HREF="#lbAE">RETURN VALUE</A><DD>
<DT id="15"><A HREF="#lbAF">ERRORS</A><DD>
<DT id="16"><A HREF="#lbAG">CONFORMING TO</A><DD>
<DT id="17"><A HREF="#lbAH">NOTES</A><DD>
<DT id="18"><A HREF="#lbAI">BUGS</A><DD>
<DT id="19"><A HREF="#lbAJ">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
<DT id="20"><A HREF="#lbAK">COLOPHON</A><DD>
</DL>
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Time: 00:05:34 GMT, March 31, 2021
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