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<H1>ASSERT</H1>
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (3)<BR>Updated: 2017-09-15<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
<A NAME="lbAB">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NAME</H2>
assert - abort the program if assertion is false
<A NAME="lbAC">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
<PRE>
<B>#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/assert.h">assert.h</A>&gt;</B>
<B>void assert(scalar </B><I>expression</I><B>);</B>
</PRE>
<A NAME="lbAD">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
This macro can help programmers find bugs in their programs,
or handle exceptional cases
via a crash that will produce limited debugging output.
<P>
If
<I>expression</I>
is false (i.e., compares equal to zero),
<B>assert</B>()
prints an error message to standard error
and terminates the program by calling
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+abort">abort</A></B>(3).
The error message includes the name of the file and function containing the
<B>assert</B>()
call, the source code line number of the call, and the text of the argument;
something like:
<P>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;prog:&nbsp;some_file.c:16:&nbsp;some_func:&nbsp;Assertion&nbsp;`val&nbsp;==&nbsp;0'&nbsp;failed.
<P>
If the macro
<B>NDEBUG</B>
is defined at the moment
<I>&lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/assert.h">assert.h</A>&gt;</I>
was last included, the macro
<B>assert</B>()
generates no code, and hence does nothing at all.
It is not recommended to define
<B>NDEBUG</B>
if using
<B>assert</B>()
to detect error conditions since the software
may behave non-deterministically.
<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2>
No value is returned.
<A NAME="lbAF">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>ATTRIBUTES</H2>
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+attributes">attributes</A></B>(7).
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>Interface</B></TD><TD><B>Attribute</B></TD><TD><B>Value</B><BR></TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD>
<B>assert</B>()
</TD><TD>Thread safety</TD><TD>MT-Safe<BR></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
<A NAME="lbAG">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>CONFORMING TO</H2>
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, C89, C99.
In C89,
<I>expression</I>
is required to be of type
<I>int</I>
and undefined behavior results if it is not, but in C99
it may have any scalar type.
<A NAME="lbAH">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>BUGS</H2>
<B>assert</B>()
is implemented as a macro; if the expression tested has side-effects,
program behavior will be different depending on whether
<B>NDEBUG</B>
is defined.
This may create Heisenbugs which go away when debugging
is turned on.
<A NAME="lbAI">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+abort">abort</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+assert_perror">assert_perror</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+exit">exit</A></B>(3)
<A NAME="lbAJ">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>COLOPHON</H2>
This page is part of release 5.05 of the Linux
<I>man-pages</I>
project.
A description of the project,
information about reporting bugs,
and the latest version of this page,
can be found at
<A HREF="https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.">https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.</A>
<P>
<HR>
<A NAME="index">&nbsp;</A><H2>Index</H2>
<DL>
<DT id="1"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
<DT id="2"><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
<DT id="3"><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
<DT id="4"><A HREF="#lbAE">RETURN VALUE</A><DD>
<DT id="5"><A HREF="#lbAF">ATTRIBUTES</A><DD>
<DT id="6"><A HREF="#lbAG">CONFORMING TO</A><DD>
<DT id="7"><A HREF="#lbAH">BUGS</A><DD>
<DT id="8"><A HREF="#lbAI">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
<DT id="9"><A HREF="#lbAJ">COLOPHON</A><DD>
</DL>
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