man-pages/man3/bsearch.3.html
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<H1>BSEARCH</H1>
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (3)<BR>Updated: 2017-09-15<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
<A NAME="lbAB">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NAME</H2>
bsearch - binary search of a sorted array
<A NAME="lbAC">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
<PRE>
<B>#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/stdlib.h">stdlib.h</A>&gt;</B>
<B>void *bsearch(const void *</B><I>key</I><B>, const void *</B><I>base</I><B>,</B>
<B> size_t </B><I>nmemb</I><B>, size_t </B><I>size</I><B>,</B>
<B> int (*</B><I>compar</I><B>)(const void *, const void *));</B>
</PRE>
<A NAME="lbAD">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
The
<B>bsearch</B>()
function searches an array of
<I>nmemb</I>
objects,
the initial member of which is pointed to by
<I>base</I>,
for a member
that matches the object pointed to by
<I>key</I>.
The size of each member
of the array is specified by
<I>size</I>.
<P>
The contents of the array should be in ascending sorted order according
to the comparison function referenced by
<I>compar</I>.
The
<I>compar</I>
routine is expected to have two arguments which point to the
<I>key</I>
object and to an array member, in that order, and should return an integer
less than, equal to, or greater than zero if the
<I>key</I>
object is found,
respectively, to be less than, to match, or be greater than the array
member.
<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2>
The
<B>bsearch</B>()
function returns a pointer to a matching member of the
array, or NULL if no match is found.
If there are multiple elements that
match the key, the element returned is unspecified.
<A NAME="lbAF">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>ATTRIBUTES</H2>
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+attributes">attributes</A></B>(7).
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>Interface</B></TD><TD><B>Attribute</B></TD><TD><B>Value</B><BR></TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD>
<B>bsearch</B>()
</TD><TD>Thread safety</TD><TD>MT-Safe<BR></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
<A NAME="lbAG">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>CONFORMING TO</H2>
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, C89, C99, SVr4, 4.3BSD.
<A NAME="lbAH">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>EXAMPLE</H2>
The example below first sorts an array of structures using
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+qsort">qsort</A></B>(3),
then retrieves desired elements using
<B>bsearch</B>().
<P>
#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/stdio.h">stdio.h</A>&gt;
#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/stdlib.h">stdlib.h</A>&gt;
#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/string.h">string.h</A>&gt;
<P>
struct mi {
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;int&nbsp;nr;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;char&nbsp;*name;
} months[] = {
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{&nbsp;1,&nbsp;&quot;jan&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{&nbsp;2,&nbsp;&quot;feb&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{&nbsp;3,&nbsp;&quot;mar&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{&nbsp;4,&nbsp;&quot;apr&quot;&nbsp;},
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{&nbsp;5,&nbsp;&quot;may&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{&nbsp;6,&nbsp;&quot;jun&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{&nbsp;7,&nbsp;&quot;jul&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{&nbsp;8,&nbsp;&quot;aug&quot;&nbsp;},
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{&nbsp;9,&nbsp;&quot;sep&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{10,&nbsp;&quot;oct&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{11,&nbsp;&quot;nov&quot;&nbsp;},&nbsp;{12,&nbsp;&quot;dec&quot;&nbsp;}
};
<P>
#define nr_of_months (sizeof(months)/sizeof(months[0]))
<P>
static int
compmi(const void *m1, const void *m2)
{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;struct&nbsp;mi&nbsp;*mi1&nbsp;=&nbsp;(struct&nbsp;mi&nbsp;*)&nbsp;m1;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;struct&nbsp;mi&nbsp;*mi2&nbsp;=&nbsp;(struct&nbsp;mi&nbsp;*)&nbsp;m2;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;return&nbsp;strcmp(mi1-&gt;name,&nbsp;mi2-&gt;name);
}
<P>
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;int&nbsp;i;
<P>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;qsort(months,&nbsp;nr_of_months,&nbsp;sizeof(struct&nbsp;mi),&nbsp;compmi);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&nbsp;(i&nbsp;=&nbsp;1;&nbsp;i&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;argc;&nbsp;i++)&nbsp;{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;struct&nbsp;mi&nbsp;key,&nbsp;*res;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;key.name&nbsp;=&nbsp;argv[i];
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;res&nbsp;=&nbsp;bsearch(&amp;key,&nbsp;months,&nbsp;nr_of_months,
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sizeof(struct&nbsp;mi),&nbsp;compmi);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if&nbsp;(res&nbsp;==&nbsp;NULL)
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;printf(&quot;'%s':&nbsp;unknown&nbsp;month\n&quot;,&nbsp;argv[i]);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;else
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;printf(&quot;%s:&nbsp;month&nbsp;#%d\n&quot;,&nbsp;res-&gt;name,&nbsp;res-&gt;nr);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
<A NAME="lbAI">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+hsearch">hsearch</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+lsearch">lsearch</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+qsort">qsort</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+tsearch">tsearch</A></B>(3)
<A NAME="lbAJ">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>COLOPHON</H2>
This page is part of release 5.05 of the Linux
<I>man-pages</I>
project.
A description of the project,
information about reporting bugs,
and the latest version of this page,
can be found at
<A HREF="https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.">https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.</A>
<P>
<HR>
<A NAME="index">&nbsp;</A><H2>Index</H2>
<DL>
<DT id="1"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
<DT id="2"><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
<DT id="3"><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
<DT id="4"><A HREF="#lbAE">RETURN VALUE</A><DD>
<DT id="5"><A HREF="#lbAF">ATTRIBUTES</A><DD>
<DT id="6"><A HREF="#lbAG">CONFORMING TO</A><DD>
<DT id="7"><A HREF="#lbAH">EXAMPLE</A><DD>
<DT id="8"><A HREF="#lbAI">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
<DT id="9"><A HREF="#lbAJ">COLOPHON</A><DD>
</DL>
<HR>
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Time: 00:05:36 GMT, March 31, 2021
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