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<H1>ERROR</H1>
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (3)<BR>Updated: 2017-09-15<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
<A NAME="lbAB">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NAME</H2>
error, error_at_line, error_message_count, error_one_per_line,
error_print_progname - glibc error reporting functions
<A NAME="lbAC">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
<PRE>
<B>#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/error.h">error.h</A>&gt;</B>
<B>void error(int </B><I>status</I><B>, int </B><I>errnum</I><B>, const char *</B><I>format</I><B>, ...);</B>
<B>void error_at_line(int </B><I>status</I><B>, int </B><I>errnum</I><B>, const char *</B><I>filename</I><B>,</B>
<B> unsigned int </B><I>linenum</I><B>, const char *</B><I>format</I><B>, ...);</B>
<B>extern unsigned int </B><I>error_message_count</I><B>;</B>
<B>extern int </B><I>error_one_per_line</I><B>;</B>
<B>extern void (*</B><I>error_print_progname</I><B>) (void);</B>
</PRE>
<A NAME="lbAD">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
<B>error</B>()
is a general error-reporting function.
It flushes
<I>stdout</I>,
and then outputs to
<I>stderr</I>
the program name, a colon and a space, the message specified by the
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+printf">printf</A></B>(3)-style
format string <I>format</I>, and, if <I>errnum</I> is
nonzero, a second colon and a space followed by the string given by
<I>strerror(errnum)</I>.
Any arguments required for
<I>format</I>
should follow
<I>format</I>
in the argument list.
The output is terminated by a newline character.
<P>
The program name printed by
<B>error</B>()
is the value of the global variable
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+program_invocation_name">program_invocation_name</A></B>(3).
<I>program_invocation_name</I>
initially has the same value as
<I>main</I>()'s
<I>argv[0]</I>.
The value of this variable can be modified to change the output of
<B>error</B>().
<P>
If <I>status</I> has a nonzero value, then
<B>error</B>()
calls
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+exit">exit</A></B>(3)
to terminate the program using the given value as the exit status.
<P>
The
<B>error_at_line</B>()
function is exactly the same as
<B>error</B>(),
except for the addition of the arguments
<I>filename</I>
and
<I>linenum</I>.
The output produced is as for
<B>error</B>(),
except that after the program name are written: a colon, the value of
<I>filename</I>,
a colon, and the value of
<I>linenum</I>.
The preprocessor values <B>__LINE__</B> and
<B>__FILE__</B> may be useful when calling
<B>error_at_line</B>(),
but other values can also be used.
For example, these arguments could refer to a location in an input file.
<P>
If the global variable <I>error_one_per_line</I> is set nonzero,
a sequence of
<B>error_at_line</B>()
calls with the
same value of <I>filename</I> and <I>linenum</I> will result in only
one message (the first) being output.
<P>
The global variable <I>error_message_count</I> counts the number of
messages that have been output by
<B>error</B>()
and
<B>error_at_line</B>().
<P>
If the global variable <I>error_print_progname</I>
is assigned the address of a function
(i.e., is not NULL), then that function is called
instead of prefixing the message with the program name and colon.
The function should print a suitable string to
<I>stderr</I>.
<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>ATTRIBUTES</H2>
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+attributes">attributes</A></B>(7).
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>Interface</B></TD><TD><B>Attribute</B></TD><TD><B>Value</B><BR></TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD>
<B>error</B>()
</TD><TD>Thread safety</TD><TD>MT-Safe locale<BR></TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD>
<B>error_at_line</B>()
</TD><TD>Thread safety</TD><TD>
MT-Unsafe&nbsp;race: error_at_line/error_one_per_line locale
<BR></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
The internal
<I>error_one_per_line</I>
variable is accessed (without any form of synchronization, but since it's an
<I>int</I>
used once, it should be safe enough) and, if
<I>error_one_per_line</I>
is set nonzero, the internal static variables (not exposed to users)
used to hold the last printed filename and line number are accessed
and modified without synchronization; the update is not atomic and it
occurs before disabling cancellation, so it can be interrupted only after
one of the two variables is modified.
After that,
<B>error_at_line</B>()
is very much like
<B>error</B>().
<A NAME="lbAF">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>CONFORMING TO</H2>
These functions and variables are GNU extensions, and should not be
used in programs intended to be portable.
<A NAME="lbAG">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+err">err</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+errno">errno</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+exit">exit</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+perror">perror</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+program_invocation_name">program_invocation_name</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+strerror">strerror</A></B>(3)
<A NAME="lbAH">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>COLOPHON</H2>
This page is part of release 5.05 of the Linux
<I>man-pages</I>
project.
A description of the project,
information about reporting bugs,
and the latest version of this page,
can be found at
<A HREF="https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.">https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.</A>
<P>
<HR>
<A NAME="index">&nbsp;</A><H2>Index</H2>
<DL>
<DT id="1"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
<DT id="2"><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
<DT id="3"><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
<DT id="4"><A HREF="#lbAE">ATTRIBUTES</A><DD>
<DT id="5"><A HREF="#lbAF">CONFORMING TO</A><DD>
<DT id="6"><A HREF="#lbAG">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
<DT id="7"><A HREF="#lbAH">COLOPHON</A><DD>
</DL>
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