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<H1>WPRINTF</H1>
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (3)<BR>Updated: 2019-03-06<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
<A NAME="lbAB">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NAME</H2>
wprintf, fwprintf, swprintf, vwprintf, vfwprintf, vswprintf - formatted
wide-character output conversion
<A NAME="lbAC">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
<PRE>
<B>#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/stdio.h">stdio.h</A>&gt;</B>
<B>#include &lt;<A HREF="file:///usr/include/wchar.h">wchar.h</A>&gt;</B>
<B>int wprintf(const wchar_t *</B><I>format</I><B>, ...);</B>
<B>int fwprintf(FILE *</B><I>stream</I><B>, const wchar_t *</B><I>format</I><B>, ...);</B>
<B>int swprintf(wchar_t *</B><I>wcs</I><B>, size_t </B><I>maxlen</I><B>,</B>
<B> const wchar_t *</B><I>format</I><B>, ...);</B>
<B>int vwprintf(const wchar_t *</B><I>format</I><B>, va_list </B><I>args</I><B>);</B>
<B>int vfwprintf(FILE *</B><I>stream</I><B>, const wchar_t *</B><I>format</I><B>, va_list </B><I>args</I><B>);</B>
<B>int vswprintf(wchar_t *</B><I>wcs</I><B>, size_t </B><I>maxlen</I><B>,</B>
<B> const wchar_t *</B><I>format</I><B>, va_list </B><I>args</I><B>);</B>
</PRE>
<P>
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+feature_test_macros">feature_test_macros</A></B>(7)):
<P>
All functions shown above:
<DL COMPACT><DT id="1"><DD>
_XOPEN_SOURCE&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;500 || _ISOC99_SOURCE ||
<BR>
_POSIX_C_SOURCE&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;200112L
</DL>
<A NAME="lbAD">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
The
<B>wprintf</B>()
family of functions is
the wide-character equivalent of the
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+printf">printf</A></B>(3)
family of functions.
It performs formatted output of wide
characters.
<P>
The
<B>wprintf</B>()
and
<B>vwprintf</B>()
functions
perform wide-character output to
<I>stdout</I>.
<I>stdout</I>
must not be byte oriented; see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+fwide">fwide</A></B>(3)
for more information.
<P>
The
<B>fwprintf</B>()
and
<B>vfwprintf</B>()
functions
perform wide-character output to
<I>stream</I>.
<I>stream</I>
must not be byte oriented; see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+fwide">fwide</A></B>(3)
for more information.
<P>
The
<B>swprintf</B>()
and
<B>vswprintf</B>()
functions
perform wide-character output
to an array of wide characters.
The programmer must ensure that there is
room for at least
<I>maxlen</I>
wide
characters at
<I>wcs</I>.
<P>
These functions are like
the
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+printf">printf</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+vprintf">vprintf</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+fprintf">fprintf</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+vfprintf">vfprintf</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+sprintf">sprintf</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+vsprintf">vsprintf</A></B>(3)
functions except for the
following differences:
<DL COMPACT>
<DT id="2"><B>&bull;</B>
<DD>
The
<I>format</I>
string is a wide-character string.
<DT id="3"><B>&bull;</B>
<DD>
The output consists of wide characters, not bytes.
<DT id="4"><B>&bull;</B>
<DD>
<B>swprintf</B>()
and
<B>vswprintf</B>()
take a
<I>maxlen</I>
argument,
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+sprintf">sprintf</A></B>(3)
and
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+vsprintf">vsprintf</A></B>(3)
do not.
(<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+snprintf">snprintf</A></B>(3)
and
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+vsnprintf">vsnprintf</A></B>(3)
take a
<I>maxlen</I>
argument, but these functions do not return -1 upon
buffer overflow on Linux.)
</DL>
<P>
The treatment of the conversion characters
<B>c</B>
and
<B>s</B>
is different:
<DL COMPACT>
<DT id="5"><B>c</B>
<DD>
If no
<B>l</B>
modifier is present, the
<I>int</I>
argument is converted to a wide character by a call to the
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+btowc">btowc</A></B>(3)
function, and the resulting wide character is written.
If an
<B>l</B>
modifier is present, the
<I>wint_t</I>
(wide character) argument is written.
<DT id="6"><B>s</B>
<DD>
If no
<B>l</B>
modifier is present: the
<I>const&nbsp;char&nbsp;*</I>
argument is expected to be a pointer to an array of character type
(pointer to a string) containing a multibyte character sequence beginning
in the initial shift state.
Characters from the array are converted to
wide characters (each by a call to the
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+mbrtowc">mbrtowc</A></B>(3)
function with a conversion state starting in the initial state before
the first byte).
The resulting wide characters are written up to
(but not including) the terminating null wide character (L'\0').
If a precision is
specified, no more wide characters than the number specified are written.
Note that the precision determines the number of
<I>wide characters</I>
written, not the number of
<I>bytes</I>
or
<I>screen positions</I>.
The array must contain a terminating null byte ('\0'),
unless a precision is given
and it is so small that the number of converted wide characters reaches it
before the end of the array is reached.
If an
<B>l</B>
modifier is present: the
<I>const&nbsp;wchar_t&nbsp;*</I>
argument is expected to be a pointer to an array of wide characters.
Wide characters from the array are written up to (but not including) a
terminating null wide character.
If a precision is specified, no more than
the number specified are written.
The array must contain a terminating null
wide character, unless a precision is given and it is smaller than or equal
to the number of wide characters in the array.
</DL>
<A NAME="lbAE">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>RETURN VALUE</H2>
The functions return the number of wide characters written, excluding the
terminating null wide character in
case of the functions
<B>swprintf</B>()
and
<B>vswprintf</B>().
They return -1 when an error occurs.
<A NAME="lbAF">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>ATTRIBUTES</H2>
For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?7+attributes">attributes</A></B>(7).
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD><B>Interface</B></TD><TD><B>Attribute</B></TD><TD><B>Value</B><BR></TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=top><TD>
<B>wprintf</B>(),
<B>fwprintf</B>(),
<BR>
<B>swprintf</B>(),
<B>vwprintf</B>(),
<BR>
<B>vfwprintf</B>(),
<B>vswprintf</B>()
</TD><TD>Thread safety</TD><TD>MT-Safe locale<BR></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P>
<A NAME="lbAG">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>CONFORMING TO</H2>
POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, C99.
<A NAME="lbAH">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>NOTES</H2>
The behavior of
<B>wprintf</B>()
et al. depends
on the
<B>LC_CTYPE</B>
category of the
current locale.
<P>
If the
<I>format</I>
string contains non-ASCII wide characters, the program
will work correctly only if the
<B>LC_CTYPE</B>
category of the current locale at
run time is the same as the
<B>LC_CTYPE</B>
category of the current locale at
compile time.
This is because the
<I>wchar_t</I>
representation is platform- and locale-dependent.
(The glibc represents
wide characters using their Unicode (ISO-10646) code point, but other
platforms don't do this.
Also, the use of C99 universal character names
of the form \unnnn does not solve this problem.)
Therefore, in
internationalized programs, the
<I>format</I>
string should consist of ASCII
wide characters only, or should be constructed at run time in an
internationalized way (e.g., using
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+gettext">gettext</A></B>(3)
or
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+iconv">iconv</A></B>(3),
followed by
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+mbstowcs">mbstowcs</A></B>(3)).
<A NAME="lbAI">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+fprintf">fprintf</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+fputwc">fputwc</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+fwide">fwide</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+printf">printf</A></B>(3),
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+snprintf">snprintf</A></B>(3)
<A NAME="lbAJ">&nbsp;</A>
<H2>COLOPHON</H2>
This page is part of release 5.05 of the Linux
<I>man-pages</I>
project.
A description of the project,
information about reporting bugs,
and the latest version of this page,
can be found at
<A HREF="https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.">https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.</A>
<P>
<HR>
<A NAME="index">&nbsp;</A><H2>Index</H2>
<DL>
<DT id="7"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
<DT id="8"><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
<DT id="9"><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
<DT id="10"><A HREF="#lbAE">RETURN VALUE</A><DD>
<DT id="11"><A HREF="#lbAF">ATTRIBUTES</A><DD>
<DT id="12"><A HREF="#lbAG">CONFORMING TO</A><DD>
<DT id="13"><A HREF="#lbAH">NOTES</A><DD>
<DT id="14"><A HREF="#lbAI">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
<DT id="15"><A HREF="#lbAJ">COLOPHON</A><DD>
</DL>
<HR>
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Time: 00:06:00 GMT, March 31, 2021
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