212 lines
6.1 KiB
HTML
212 lines
6.1 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Man page of deb</TITLE>
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</HEAD><BODY>
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<H1>deb</H1>
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Section: dpkg suite (5)<BR>Updated: 2020-03-23<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
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<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
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<A NAME="lbAB"> </A>
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<H2>NAME</H2>
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deb - Debian binary package format
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<A NAME="lbAC"> </A>
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<H2>SYNOPSIS</H2>
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<I>filename</I><B>.deb</B>
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<A NAME="lbAD"> </A>
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<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
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The
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<B>.deb</B>
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format is the Debian binary package file format. It is understood
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since dpkg 0.93.76, and is generated by default since dpkg 1.2.0 and
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1.1.1elf (i386/ELF builds).
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<P>
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The format described here is used since Debian 0.93; details of the
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old format are described in
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-old">deb-old</A></B>(5).
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<A NAME="lbAE"> </A>
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<H2>FORMAT</H2>
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The file is an
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<B>ar</B>
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archive with a magic value of
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<B>!<arch></B>.
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Only the common <B>ar</B> archive format is supported, with no long file
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name extensions, but with file names containing an optional trailing
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slash, which limits their length to 15 characters (from the 16 allowed).
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File sizes are limited to 10 ASCII decimal digits, allowing for up to
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approximately 9536.74 MiB member files.
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<P>
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The <B>tar</B> archives currently allowed are, the old-style (v7) format,
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the pre-POSIX ustar format, a subset of the GNU format (new style long
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pathnames and long linknames, supported since dpkg 1.4.1.17; large file
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metadata since dpkg 1.18.24),
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and the POSIX ustar format (long names supported since dpkg 1.15.0).
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Unrecognized tar typeflags are considered an error.
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Each tar entry size inside a tar archive is limited to 11 ASCII octal
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digits, allowing for up to 8 GiB tar entries.
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The GNU large file metadata support permits 95-bit tar entry sizes and
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negative timestamps, and 63-bit UID, GID and device numbers.
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<P>
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The first member is named
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<B>debian-binary</B>
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and contains a series of lines, separated by newlines. Currently only
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one line is present, the format version number,
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<B>2.0</B>
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at the time this manual page was written.
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Programs which read new-format archives should be prepared for the
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minor number to be increased and new lines to be present, and should
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ignore these if this is the case.
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<P>
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If the major number has changed, an incompatible change has been made
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and the program should stop. If it has not, then the program should
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be able to safely continue, unless it encounters an unexpected member
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in the archive (except at the end), as described below.
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<P>
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The second required member is named
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<B>control.tar</B>.
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It is a tar archive containing the package control information, either
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not compressed (supported since dpkg 1.17.6), or compressed with
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gzip (with <B>.gz</B> extension),
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xz (with <B>.xz</B> extension, supported since 1.17.6) or
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zstd (with <B>.zst</B> extension, supported since 1.19.0.5ubuntu2),
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as a series of plain files, of which the file
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<B>control</B>
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is mandatory and contains the core control information, the
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<B>conffiles</B>, <B>triggers</B>, <B>shlibs</B>
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and
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<B>symbols</B>
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files contain optional control information, and the
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<B>preinst</B>, <B>postinst</B>, <B>prerm</B>
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and
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<B>postrm</B>
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files are optional maintainer scripts.
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The control tarball may optionally contain an entry for
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'<B>.</B>',
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the current directory.
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<P>
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The third, last required member is named
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<B>data.tar</B>.
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It contains the filesystem as a tar archive, either
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not compressed (supported since dpkg 1.10.24), or compressed with
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gzip (with <B>.gz</B> extension),
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xz (with <B>.xz</B> extension, supported since dpkg 1.15.6),
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zstd (with <B>.zst</B> extension, supported since 1.19.0.5ubuntu2),
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bzip2 (with <B>.bz2</B> extension, supported since dpkg 1.10.24) or
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lzma (with <B>.lzma</B> extension, supported since dpkg 1.13.25).
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<P>
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These members must occur in this exact order. Current implementations
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should ignore any additional members after
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<B>data.tar</B>.
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Further members may be defined in the future, and (if possible) will be
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placed after these three. Any additional members that may need to be
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inserted after
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<B>debian-binary</B>
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and before
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<B>control.tar</B>
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or
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<B>data.tar</B>
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and which should be safely ignored by older programs, will have names
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starting with an underscore,
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'<B>_</B>'.
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<P>
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Those new members which won't be able to be safely ignored will be
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inserted before
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<B>data.tar</B>
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with names starting with something other than underscores, or will
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(more likely) cause the major version number to be increased.
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<A NAME="lbAF"> </A>
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<H2>MEDIA TYPE</H2>
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<A NAME="lbAG"> </A>
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<H3>Current</H3>
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application/vnd.debian.binary-package
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<A NAME="lbAH"> </A>
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<H3>Deprecated</H3>
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application/x-debian-package
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<BR>
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application/x-deb
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<A NAME="lbAI"> </A>
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<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-old">deb-old</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+dpkg-deb">dpkg-deb</A></B>(1),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-control">deb-control</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-conffiles">deb-conffiles</A></B>(5)
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-triggers">deb-triggers</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-shlibs">deb-shlibs</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-symbols">deb-symbols</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-preinst">deb-preinst</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-postinst">deb-postinst</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-prerm">deb-prerm</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+deb-postrm">deb-postrm</A></B>(5).
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<P>
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<HR>
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<A NAME="index"> </A><H2>Index</H2>
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<DL>
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<DT id="1"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
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<DT id="2"><A HREF="#lbAC">SYNOPSIS</A><DD>
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<DT id="3"><A HREF="#lbAD">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
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<DT id="4"><A HREF="#lbAE">FORMAT</A><DD>
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<DT id="5"><A HREF="#lbAF">MEDIA TYPE</A><DD>
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<DL>
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<DT id="6"><A HREF="#lbAG">Current</A><DD>
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<DT id="7"><A HREF="#lbAH">Deprecated</A><DD>
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</DL>
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<DT id="8"><A HREF="#lbAI">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
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</DL>
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<HR>
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This document was created by
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<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>,
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using the manual pages.<BR>
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Time: 00:06:02 GMT, March 31, 2021
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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