790 lines
22 KiB
HTML
790 lines
22 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Man page of mke2fs.conf</TITLE>
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</HEAD><BODY>
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<H1>mke2fs.conf</H1>
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Section: File Formats (5)<BR>Updated: January 2020<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
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<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
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<A NAME="lbAB"> </A>
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<H2>NAME</H2>
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mke2fs.conf - Configuration file for mke2fs
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<A NAME="lbAC"> </A>
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<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
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<I>mke2fs.conf</I>
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is the configuration file for
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8).
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It controls the default parameters used by
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8)
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when it is creating ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystems.
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<P>
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The
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<I>mke2fs.conf</I>
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file uses an INI-style format. Stanzas, or top-level sections, are
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delimited by square braces: [ ]. Within each section, each line
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defines a relation, which assigns tags to values, or to a subsection,
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which contains further relations or subsections.
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An example of the INI-style format used by this configuration file
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follows below:
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<P>
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<TT> </TT>[section1]<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>tag1 = value_a<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>tag1 = value_b<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>tag2 = value_c<BR>
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<P>
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<TT> </TT>[section 2]<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>tag3 = {<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT><TT> </TT>subtag1 = subtag_value_a<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT><TT> </TT>subtag1 = subtag_value_b<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT><TT> </TT>subtag2 = subtag_value_c<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>}<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>tag1 = value_d<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>tag2 = value_e<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>}<BR>
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<P>
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Comments are delimited by a semicolon (';') or a hash ('#') character
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at the beginning of the comment, and are terminated by the end of
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line character.
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<P>
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Tags and values must be quoted using double quotes if they contain
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spaces. Within a quoted string, the standard backslash interpretations
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apply: "\n" (for the newline character),
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"\t" (for the tab character), "\b" (for the backspace character),
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and "\\" (for the backslash character).
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<P>
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Some relations expect a boolean value. The parser is quite liberal on
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recognizing ``yes'', '`y'', ``true'', ``t'', ``1'', ``on'', etc. as a
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boolean true value, and ``no'', ``n'', ``false'', ``nil'', ``0'',
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``off'' as a boolean false value.
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<P>
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The following stanzas are used in the
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<I>mke2fs.conf</I>
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file. They will be described in more detail in future sections of this
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document.
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="1"><I>[options]</I>
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<DD>
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Contains relations which influence how mke2fs behaves.
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<DT id="2"><I>[defaults]</I>
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<DD>
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Contains relations which define the default parameters
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used by
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8).
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In general, these defaults may be overridden by a definition in the
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<B>fs_types</B>
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stanza, or by a command-line option provided by the user.
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<DT id="3"><I>[fs_types]</I>
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<DD>
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Contains relations which define defaults that should be used for specific
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file system and usage types. The file system type and usage type can be
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specified explicitly using
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the
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<B>-t</B>and<B>-T</B>
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options to
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8),
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respectively.
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<DT id="4"><I>[devices]</I>
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<DD>
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Contains relations which define defaults for specific devices.
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAD"> </A>
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<H2>THE [options] STANZA</H2>
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The following relations are defined in the
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<I>[options]</I>
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stanza.
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="5"><I>proceed_delay</I>
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<DD>
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If this relation is set to a positive integer, then mke2fs will
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wait
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<I>proceed_delay</I>
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seconds after asking the user for permission to proceed and
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then continue, even if the
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user has not answered the question. Defaults to 0, which means to wait
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until the user answers the question one way or another.
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<DT id="6"><I>sync_kludge</I>
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<DD>
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If this relation is set to a positive integer, then while writing the
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inode table, mke2fs will request the operating system flush out pending
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writes to initialize the inode table every
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<I>sync_kludge</I>
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block groups. This is needed to work around buggy kernels that don't
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handle writeback throttling correctly.
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAE"> </A>
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<H2>THE [defaults] STANZA</H2>
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The following relations are defined in the
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<I>[defaults]</I>
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stanza.
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="7"><I>fs_type</I>
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<DD>
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This relation specifies the default filesystem type if the user does not
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specify it via the
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<B>-t</B>
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option, or if
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<B>mke2fs</B>
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is not started using a program name of the form
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<B>mkfs.</B><I>fs-type</I>.
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If both the user and the
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<B>mke2fs.conf</B>
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file do not specify a default filesystem type, mke2fs will use a
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default filesystem type of
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<I>ext3</I>
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if a journal was requested via a command-line option, or
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<I>ext2</I>
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if not.
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<DT id="8"><I>undo_dir</I>
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<DD>
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This relation specifies the directory where the undo file should be
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stored. It can be overridden via the
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<B>E2FSPROGS_UNDO_DIR</B>
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environment variable. If the directory location is set to the value
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<I>none</I>,
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<B>mke2fs</B>
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will not create an undo file.
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</DL>
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<P>
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In addition, any tags that can be specified in a per-file system tags
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subsection as defined below (e.g.,
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<I>blocksize</I>,
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<I>hash_alg</I>,
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<I>inode_ratio</I>,
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<I>inode_size</I>,
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<I>reserved_ratio</I>,
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etc.) can also be specified in the
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<I>defaults</I>
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stanza to specify the default value to be used if the user does not
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specify one on the command line, and the filesystem-type
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specific section of the configuration file does not specify a default value.
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<A NAME="lbAF"> </A>
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<H2>THE [fs_types] STANZA</H2>
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Each tag in the
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<I>[fs_types]</I>
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stanza names a filesystem type or usage type which can be specified via the
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<B>-t</B>
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or
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<B>-T</B>
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options to
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8),
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respectively.
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<P>
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The
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<B>mke2fs</B>
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program constructs a list of fs_types by concatenating the filesystem
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type (i.e., ext2, ext3, etc.) with the usage type list. For most
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configuration options,
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<B>mke2fs</B>
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will look for a subsection in the
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<I>[fs_types]</I>
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stanza corresponding with each entry in the constructed list, with later
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entries overriding earlier filesystem or usage types.
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For
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example, consider the following
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<B>mke2fs.conf</B>
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fragment:
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<P>
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[defaults]
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>base_features = sparse_super,filetype,resize_inode,dir_index<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>blocksize = 4096<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>inode_size = 256<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>inode_ratio = 16384<BR>
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<BR>
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<P>
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<BR>
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[fs_types]
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>ext3 = {<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>features = has_journal<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>}<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>ext4 = {<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>features = extents,flex_bg<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>inode_size = 256<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>}<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>small = {<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>blocksize = 1024<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>inode_ratio = 4096<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>}<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>floppy = {<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>features = ^resize_inode<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>blocksize = 1024<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT><TT> </TT>inode_size = 128<BR>
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<BR>
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<TT> </TT>}<BR>
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<P>
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If mke2fs started with a program name of
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<B>mke2fs.ext4</B>,
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then the filesystem type of ext4 will be used. If the filesystem is
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smaller than 3 megabytes, and no usage type is specified, then
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<B>mke2fs</B>
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will use a default
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usage type of
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<I>floppy</I>.
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This results in an fs_types list of "ext4, floppy". Both the ext4
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subsection and the floppy subsection define an
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<I>inode_size</I>
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relation, but since the later entries in the fs_types list supersede
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earlier ones, the configuration parameter for fs_types.floppy.inode_size
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will be used, so the filesystem will have an inode size of 128.
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<P>
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The exception to this resolution is the
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<I>features</I>
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tag, which specifies a set of changes to the features used by the
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filesystem, and which is cumulative. So in the above example, first
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the configuration relation defaults.base_features would enable an
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initial feature set with the sparse_super, filetype, resize_inode, and
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dir_index features enabled. Then configuration relation
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fs_types.ext4.features would enable the extents and flex_bg
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features, and finally the configuration relation
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fs_types.floppy.features would remove
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the resize_inode feature, resulting in a filesystem feature set
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consisting of the sparse_super, filetype, dir_index,
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extents_and flex_bg features.
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<P>
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For each filesystem type, the following tags may be used in that
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fs_type's subsection. These tags may also be used in the
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<I>default</I>
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section:
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="9"><I>base_features</I>
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<DD>
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This relation specifies the features which are initially enabled for this
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filesystem type. Only one
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<I>base_features</I>
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will be used, so if there are multiple entries in the fs_types list
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whose subsections define the
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<I>base_features</I>
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relation, only the last will be used by
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8).
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<DT id="10"><I>enable_periodic_fsck</I>
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<DD>
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This boolean relation specifies whether periodic filesystem checks should be
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enforced at boot time. If set to true, checks will be forced every
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180 days, or after a random number of mounts. These values may
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be changed later via the
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<B>-i</B>
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and
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<B>-c</B>
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command-line options to
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+tune2fs">tune2fs</A></B>(8).
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<DT id="11"><I>errors</I>
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<DD>
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Change the behavior of the kernel code when errors are detected.
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In all cases, a filesystem error will cause
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+e2fsck">e2fsck</A></B>(8)
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to check the filesystem on the next boot.
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<I>errors</I>
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can be one of the following:
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="12"><DD>
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="13"><B>continue</B>
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<DD>
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Continue normal execution.
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<DT id="14"><B>remount-ro</B>
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<DD>
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Remount filesystem read-only.
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<DT id="15"><B>panic</B>
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<DD>
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Cause a kernel panic.
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</DL>
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</DL>
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<DT id="16"><I>features</I>
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<DD>
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This relation specifies a comma-separated list of features edit
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requests which modify the feature set
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used by the newly constructed filesystem. The syntax is the same as the
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<B>-O</B>
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command-line option to
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8);
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that is, a feature can be prefixed by a caret ('^') symbol to disable
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a named feature. Each
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<I>feature</I>
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relation specified in the fs_types list will be applied in the order
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found in the fs_types list.
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<DT id="17"><I>force_undo</I>
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<DD>
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This boolean relation, if set to a value of true, forces
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<B>mke2fs</B>
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to always try to create an undo file, even if the undo file might be
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huge and it might extend the time to create the filesystem image
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because the inode table isn't being initialized lazily.
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<DT id="18"><I>default_features</I>
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<DD>
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This relation specifies set of features which should be enabled or
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disabled after applying the features listed in the
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<I>base_features</I>
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and
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<I>features</I>
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relations. It may be overridden by the
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<B>-O</B>
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command-line option to
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8).
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<DT id="19"><I>auto_64-bit_support</I>
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<DD>
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This relation is a boolean which specifies whether
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8)
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should automatically add the 64bit feature if the number of blocks for
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the file system requires this feature to be enabled. The resize_inode
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feature is also automatically disabled since it doesn't support 64-bit
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block numbers.
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<DT id="20"><I>default_mntopts</I>
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<DD>
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This relation specifies the set of mount options which should be enabled
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by default. These may be changed at a later time with the
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<B>-o</B>
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command-line option to
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+tune2fs">tune2fs</A></B>(8).
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<DT id="21"><I>blocksize</I>
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<DD>
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This relation specifies the default blocksize if the user does not
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specify a blocksize on the command line.
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<DT id="22"><I>lazy_itable_init</I>
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<DD>
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This boolean relation specifies whether the inode table should
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be lazily initialized. It only has meaning if the uninit_bg feature is
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enabled. If lazy_itable_init is true and the uninit_bg feature is
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enabled, the inode table will
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not be fully initialized by
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8).
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This speeds up filesystem
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initialization noticeably, but it requires the kernel to finish
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initializing the filesystem in the background when the filesystem is
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first mounted.
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<DT id="23"><I>lazy_journal_init</I>
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<DD>
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This boolean relation specifies whether the journal inode should be
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lazily initialized. It only has meaning if the has_journal feature is
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enabled. If lazy_journal_init is true, the journal inode will not be
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fully zeroed out by
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<B>mke2fs</B>.
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This speeds up filesystem initialization noticeably, but carries some
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small risk if the system crashes before the journal has been overwritten
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entirely one time.
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<DT id="24"><I>journal_location</I>
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<DD>
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This relation specifies the location of the journal.
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<DT id="25"><I>num_backup_sb</I>
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<DD>
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This relation indicates whether file systems with the
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<B>sparse_super2</B>
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feature enabled should be created with 0, 1, or 2 backup superblocks.
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<DT id="26"><I>packed_meta_blocks</I>
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<DD>
|
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This boolean relation specifies whether the allocation bitmaps, inode
|
|
table, and journal should be located at the beginning of the file system.
|
|
<DT id="27"><I>inode_ratio</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the default inode ratio if the user does not
|
|
specify one on the command line.
|
|
<DT id="28"><I>inode_size</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the default inode size if the user does not
|
|
specify one on the command line.
|
|
<DT id="29"><I>reserved_ratio</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the default percentage of filesystem blocks
|
|
reserved for the super-user, if the user does not specify one on the command
|
|
line.
|
|
<DT id="30"><I>hash_alg</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the default hash algorithm used for the
|
|
new filesystems with hashed b-tree directories. Valid algorithms
|
|
accepted are:
|
|
<I>legacy</I>,
|
|
|
|
<I>half_md4</I>,
|
|
|
|
and
|
|
<I>tea</I>.
|
|
|
|
<DT id="31"><I>flex_bg_size</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the number of block groups that will be packed
|
|
together to create one large virtual block group on an ext4 filesystem.
|
|
This improves meta-data locality and performance on meta-data heavy
|
|
workloads. The number of groups must be a power of 2 and may only be
|
|
specified if the flex_bg filesystem feature is enabled.
|
|
<DT id="32"><I>options</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies additional extended options which should be
|
|
treated by
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8)
|
|
|
|
as if they were prepended to the argument of the
|
|
<B>-E</B>
|
|
|
|
option. This can be used to configure the default extended options used
|
|
by
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8)
|
|
|
|
on a per-filesystem type basis.
|
|
<DT id="33"><I>discard</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This boolean relation specifies whether the
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8)
|
|
|
|
should attempt to discard device prior to filesystem creation.
|
|
<DT id="34"><I>cluster_size</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the default cluster size if the bigalloc file
|
|
system feature is enabled. It can be overridden via the
|
|
<B>-C</B>
|
|
|
|
command line option to
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8)
|
|
|
|
<DT id="35"><I>make_hugefiles</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This boolean relation enables the creation of pre-allocated files as
|
|
part of formatting the file system. The extent tree blocks for these
|
|
pre-allocated files will be placed near the beginning of the file
|
|
system, so that if all of the other metadata blocks are also configured
|
|
to be placed near the beginning of the file system (by disabling the
|
|
backup superblocks, using the packed_meta_blocks option, etc.), the data
|
|
blocks of the pre-allocated files will be contiguous.
|
|
<DT id="36"><I>hugefiles_dir</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the directory where huge files are created,
|
|
relative to the filesystem root.
|
|
<DT id="37"><I>hugefiles_uid</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation controls the user ownership for all of the files and
|
|
directories created by the
|
|
<I>make_hugefiles</I>
|
|
|
|
feature.
|
|
<DT id="38"><I>hugefiles_gid</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation controls the group ownership for all of the files and
|
|
directories created by the
|
|
<I>make_hugefiles</I>
|
|
|
|
feature.
|
|
<DT id="39"><I>hugefiles_umask</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the umask used when creating the files and
|
|
directories by the
|
|
<I>make_hugefiles</I>
|
|
|
|
feature.
|
|
<DT id="40"><I>num_hugefiles</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the number of huge files to be created. If this
|
|
relation is not specified, or is set to zero, and the
|
|
<I>hugefiles_size</I>
|
|
|
|
relation is non-zero, then
|
|
<I>make_hugefiles</I>
|
|
|
|
will create as many huge files as can fit to fill the entire file system.
|
|
<DT id="41"><I>hugefiles_slack</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies how much space should be reserved for other
|
|
files.
|
|
<DT id="42"><I>hugefiles_size</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the size of the huge files. If this relation is
|
|
not specified, the default is to fill the entire file system.
|
|
<DT id="43"><I>hugefiles_align</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the alignment for the start block of the huge
|
|
files. It also forces the size of huge files to be a multiple of the
|
|
requested alignment. If this relation is not specified, no alignment
|
|
requirement will be imposed on the huge files.
|
|
<DT id="44"><I>hugefiles_align_disk</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relations specifies whether the alignment should be relative to the
|
|
beginning of the hard drive (assuming that the starting offset of the
|
|
partition is available to mke2fs). The default value is false, which
|
|
will cause hugefile alignment to be relative to the beginning of the
|
|
file system.
|
|
<DT id="45"><I>hugefiles_name</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the base file name for the huge files.
|
|
<DT id="46"><I>hugefiles_digits</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the (zero-padded) width of the field for the
|
|
huge file number.
|
|
<DT id="47"><I>zero_hugefiles</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This boolean relation specifies whether or not zero blocks will be
|
|
written to the hugefiles while
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8)
|
|
|
|
is creating them. By default, zero blocks will be written to the huge
|
|
files to avoid stale data from being made available to potentially
|
|
untrusted user programs, unless the device supports a discard/trim
|
|
operation which will take care of zeroing the device blocks. By setting
|
|
<I>zero_hugefiles</I>
|
|
|
|
to false, this step will always be skipped, which can be useful if it is
|
|
known that the disk has been previously erased, or if the user programs
|
|
that will have access to the huge files are trusted to not reveal stale
|
|
data.
|
|
<DT id="48"><I>encoding</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation defines the file name encoding to be used if the casefold
|
|
feature is enabled. Currently the only valid encoding is utf8-12.1 or
|
|
utf8, which requests the most recent Unicode version; since 12.1 is the only
|
|
available Unicode version, utf8 and utf8-12.1 have the same result.
|
|
<I>encoding_flags</I>
|
|
|
|
This relation defines encoding-specific flags. For utf8 encodings, the
|
|
only available flag is strict, which will cause attempts to create file
|
|
names containing invalid Unicode characters to be rejected by the
|
|
kernel. Strict mode is not enabled by default.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<A NAME="lbAG"> </A>
|
|
<H2>THE [devices] STANZA</H2>
|
|
|
|
Each tag in the
|
|
<I>[devices]</I>
|
|
|
|
stanza names device name so that per-device defaults can be specified.
|
|
<DL COMPACT>
|
|
<DT id="49"><I>fs_type</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the default parameter for the
|
|
<B>-t</B>
|
|
|
|
option, if this option isn't specified on the command line.
|
|
<DT id="50"><I>usage_types</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
This relation specifies the default parameter for the
|
|
<B>-T</B>
|
|
|
|
option, if this option isn't specified on the command line.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<A NAME="lbAH"> </A>
|
|
<H2>FILES</H2>
|
|
|
|
<DL COMPACT>
|
|
<DT id="51"><I>/etc/mke2fs.conf</I>
|
|
|
|
<DD>
|
|
The configuration file for
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8).
|
|
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<A NAME="lbAI"> </A>
|
|
<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
|
|
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+mke2fs">mke2fs</A></B>(8)
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
<HR>
|
|
<A NAME="index"> </A><H2>Index</H2>
|
|
<DL>
|
|
<DT id="52"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="53"><A HREF="#lbAC">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="54"><A HREF="#lbAD">THE [options] STANZA</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="55"><A HREF="#lbAE">THE [defaults] STANZA</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="56"><A HREF="#lbAF">THE [fs_types] STANZA</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="57"><A HREF="#lbAG">THE [devices] STANZA</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="58"><A HREF="#lbAH">FILES</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="59"><A HREF="#lbAI">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
This document was created by
|
|
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>,
|
|
using the manual pages.<BR>
|
|
Time: 00:06:04 GMT, March 31, 2021
|
|
</BODY>
|
|
</HTML>
|