213 lines
4.3 KiB
HTML
213 lines
4.3 KiB
HTML
|
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
|
|
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Man page of PASSWD</TITLE>
|
|
</HEAD><BODY>
|
|
<H1>PASSWD</H1>
|
|
Section: File Formats and Conversions (5)<BR>Updated: 05/28/2020<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
|
|
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="lbAB"> </A>
|
|
<H2>NAME</H2>
|
|
|
|
passwd - the password file
|
|
<A NAME="lbAC"> </A>
|
|
<H2>DESCRIPTION</H2>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
/etc/passwd
|
|
contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (":"). These fields are:
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="1"><DD>
|
|
•
|
|
|
|
|
|
login name
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="2"><DD>
|
|
•
|
|
|
|
|
|
optional encrypted password
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="3"><DD>
|
|
•
|
|
|
|
|
|
numerical user ID
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="4"><DD>
|
|
•
|
|
|
|
|
|
numerical group ID
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="5"><DD>
|
|
•
|
|
|
|
|
|
user name or comment field
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="6"><DD>
|
|
•
|
|
|
|
|
|
user home directory
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="7"><DD>
|
|
•
|
|
|
|
|
|
optional user command interpreter
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
If the
|
|
<I>password</I>
|
|
field is a lower-case
|
|
"x", then the encrypted password is actually stored in the
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+shadow">shadow</A></B>(5)
|
|
file instead; there
|
|
<I>must</I>
|
|
be a corresponding line in the
|
|
/etc/shadow
|
|
file, or else the user account is invalid.
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
The encrypted
|
|
<I>password</I>
|
|
field may be empty, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the
|
|
/etc/passwd
|
|
file may decide not to permit
|
|
<I>any</I>
|
|
access at all if the
|
|
<I>password</I>
|
|
field is blank.
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
A
|
|
<I>password</I>
|
|
field which starts with an exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the
|
|
<I>password</I>
|
|
field before the password was locked.
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
Refer to
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+crypt">crypt</A></B>(3)
|
|
for details on how this string is interpreted.
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
If the password field contains some string that is not a valid result of
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+crypt">crypt</A></B>(3), for instance ! or *, the user will not be able to use a unix password to log in (but the user may log in the system by other means).
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+finger">finger</A></B>(1).
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The
|
|
<B>login</B>
|
|
program uses this information to set the value of the
|
|
<B>$HOME</B>
|
|
environmental variable.
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute. The
|
|
<B>login</B>
|
|
program uses this information to set the value of the
|
|
<B>$SHELL</B>
|
|
environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the value
|
|
/bin/sh.
|
|
<A NAME="lbAD"> </A>
|
|
<H2>FILES</H2>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
/etc/passwd
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="8"><DD>
|
|
User account information.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
/etc/shadow
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="9"><DD>
|
|
optional encrypted password file
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
/etc/passwd-
|
|
<DL COMPACT><DT id="10"><DD>
|
|
Backup file for /etc/passwd.
|
|
<P>
|
|
Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by all user and password management tools.
|
|
</DL>
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="lbAE"> </A>
|
|
<H2>SEE ALSO</H2>
|
|
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+crypt">crypt</A></B>(3),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+getent">getent</A></B>(1),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+getpwnam">getpwnam</A></B>(3),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+login">login</A></B>(1),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+passwd">passwd</A></B>(1),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+pwck">pwck</A></B>(8),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+pwconv">pwconv</A></B>(8),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+pwunconv">pwunconv</A></B>(8),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+shadow">shadow</A></B>(5),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+su">su</A></B>(1),
|
|
<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+sulogin">sulogin</A></B>(8).
|
|
<P>
|
|
|
|
<HR>
|
|
<A NAME="index"> </A><H2>Index</H2>
|
|
<DL>
|
|
<DT id="11"><A HREF="#lbAB">NAME</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="12"><A HREF="#lbAC">DESCRIPTION</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="13"><A HREF="#lbAD">FILES</A><DD>
|
|
<DT id="14"><A HREF="#lbAE">SEE ALSO</A><DD>
|
|
</DL>
|
|
<HR>
|
|
This document was created by
|
|
<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>,
|
|
using the manual pages.<BR>
|
|
Time: 00:06:04 GMT, March 31, 2021
|
|
</BODY>
|
|
</HTML>
|