353 lines
8.9 KiB
HTML
353 lines
8.9 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Man page of groupadd</TITLE>
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</HEAD><BODY>
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<H1>groupadd</H1>
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Section: Команды управления системой (8)<BR>Updated: 05/28/2020<BR><A HREF="#index">Index</A>
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<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">Return to Main Contents</A><HR>
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<A NAME="lbAB"> </A>
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<H2>НАЗВАНИЕ</H2>
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groupadd - создаёт новую группу
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<A NAME="lbAC"> </A>
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<H2>СИНТАКСИС</H2>
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<DL COMPACT>
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<DT id="1">
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<B>groupadd</B> [<I>параметры</I>] <I>группа</I>
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAD"> </A>
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<H2>ОПИСАНИЕ</H2>
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<P>
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<DD>The
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<B>groupadd</B>
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command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line plus the default values from the system. The new group will be entered into the system files as needed.
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<A NAME="lbAE"> </A>
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<H2>ПАРАМЕТРЫ</H2>
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<P>
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The options which apply to the
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<B>groupadd</B>
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command are:
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<P>
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<B>-f</B>, <B>--force</B>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="2"><DD>
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This option causes the command to simply exit with success status if the specified group already exists. When used with
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<B>-g</B>, and the specified GID already exists, another (unique) GID is chosen (i.e.
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<B>-g</B>
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is turned off).
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>-g</B>, <B>--gid</B> <I>GID</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="3"><DD>
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The numerical value of the group's ID. This value must be unique, unless the
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<B>-o</B>
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option is used. The value must be non-negative. The default is to use the smallest ID value greater than or equal to
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<B>GID_MIN</B>
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and greater than every other group.
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<P>
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See also the
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<B>-r</B>
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option and the
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<B>GID_MAX</B>
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description.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>-h</B>, <B>--help</B>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="4"><DD>
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Показать краткую справку и закончить работу.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>-K</B>, <B>--key</B> <I>KEY</I>=<I>VALUE</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="5"><DD>
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Overrides
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/etc/login.defs
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defaults (GID_MIN, GID_MAX and others). Multiple
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<B>-K</B>
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options can be specified.
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<P>
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Example:
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<B>-K</B> <I>GID_MIN</I>=<I>100</I>
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<B>-K</B> <I>GID_MAX</I>=<I>499</I>
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<P>
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Note:
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<B>-K</B> <I>GID_MIN</I>=<I>10</I>,<I>GID_MAX</I>=<I>499</I>
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doesn't work yet.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>-o</B>, <B>--non-unique</B>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="6"><DD>
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Разрешить добавление группы с не уникальным GID.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>-p</B>, <B>--password</B> <I>PASSWORD</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="7"><DD>
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The encrypted password, as returned by
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?3+crypt">crypt</A></B>(3). The default is to disable the password.
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<P>
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<B>Note:</B>
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This option is not recommended because the password (or encrypted password) will be visible by users listing the processes.
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<P>
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Вы должны проверить, что пароль соответствует политике системных паролей.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>-r</B>, <B>--system</B>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="8"><DD>
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Создать системную группу.
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<P>
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The numeric identifiers of new system groups are chosen in the
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<B>SYS_GID_MIN</B>-<B>SYS_GID_MAX</B>
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range, defined in
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login.defs, instead of
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<B>GID_MIN</B>-<B>GID_MAX</B>.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>-R</B>, <B>--root</B> <I>CHROOT_DIR</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="9"><DD>
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Apply changes in the
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<I>CHROOT_DIR</I>
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directory and use the configuration files from the
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<I>CHROOT_DIR</I>
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directory.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>-P</B>, <B>--prefix</B> <I>PREFIX_DIR</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="10"><DD>
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Apply changes in the
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<I>PREFIX_DIR</I>
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directory and use the configuration files from the
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<I>PREFIX_DIR</I>
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directory. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross-compilation target. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified. PAM authentication is using the host files. No SELINUX support.
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAF"> </A>
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<H2>НАСТРОЙКА</H2>
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<P>
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The following configuration variables in
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/etc/login.defs
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change the behavior of this tool:
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<P>
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<B>GID_MAX</B> (number), <B>GID_MIN</B> (number)
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="11"><DD>
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Range of group IDs used for the creation of regular groups by
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<B>useradd</B>,
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<B>groupadd</B>, or
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<B>newusers</B>.
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<P>
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The default value for
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<B>GID_MIN</B>
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(resp.
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<B>GID_MAX</B>) is 1000 (resp. 60000).
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>MAX_MEMBERS_PER_GROUP</B> (number)
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="12"><DD>
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Maximum members per group entry. When the maximum is reached, a new group entry (line) is started in
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/etc/group
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(with the same name, same password, and same GID).
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<P>
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Значение по умолчанию равно 0, означающее, что ограничения на количество членов в группе нет.
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<P>
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Данная возможность (разделение группы) позволяет ограничить длину строк в файле групп. Это полезно для ограничения длины строк групп NIS в 1024 символа.
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<P>
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Если вам нужно такое ограничение, укажите значение 25.
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<P>
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Замечание: разделение групп поддерживается не всеми инструментами (даже в наборе инструментов Shadow). Вы не должны использовать эту переменную, если вам действительно это ненужно.
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</DL>
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<P>
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<B>SYS_GID_MAX</B> (number), <B>SYS_GID_MIN</B> (number)
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="13"><DD>
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Range of group IDs used for the creation of system groups by
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<B>useradd</B>,
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<B>groupadd</B>, or
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<B>newusers</B>.
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<P>
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The default value for
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<B>SYS_GID_MIN</B>
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(resp.
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<B>SYS_GID_MAX</B>) is 101 (resp.
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<B>GID_MIN</B>-1).
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAG"> </A>
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<H2>ФАЙЛЫ</H2>
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<P>
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/etc/group
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="14"><DD>
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содержит информацию о группах
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</DL>
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<P>
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/etc/gshadow
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="15"><DD>
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содержит защищаемую информацию о группах
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</DL>
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<P>
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/etc/login.defs
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="16"><DD>
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содержит конфигурацию подсистемы теневых паролей
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAH"> </A>
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<H2>ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ</H2>
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<P>
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It is usually recommended to only use groupnames that begin with a lower case letter or an underscore, followed by lower case letters, digits, underscores, or dashes. They can end with a dollar sign. In regular expression terms: [a-z_][a-z0-9_-]*[$]?
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<P>
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On Debian, the only constraints are that groupnames must neither start with a dash ('-') nor plus ('+') nor tilde ('~') nor contain a colon (':'), a comma (','), or a whitespace (space:' ', end of line: '\n', tabulation: '\t', etc.).
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<P>
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Groupnames may only be up to 32 characters long.
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<P>
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Нельзя добавить группу NIS или LDAP. Это необходимо делать на соответствующем сервере.
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<P>
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If the groupname already exists in an external group database such as NIS or LDAP,
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<B>groupadd</B>
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will deny the group creation request.
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<A NAME="lbAI"> </A>
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<H2>ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ</H2>
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<P>
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The
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<B>groupadd</B>
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command exits with the following values:
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<P>
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<I>0</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="17"><DD>
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success
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</DL>
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<P>
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<I>2</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="18"><DD>
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invalid command syntax
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</DL>
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<P>
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<I>3</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="19"><DD>
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invalid argument to option
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</DL>
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<P>
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<I>4</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="20"><DD>
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GID not unique (when
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<B>-o</B>
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not used)
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</DL>
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<P>
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<I>9</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="21"><DD>
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group name not unique
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</DL>
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<P>
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<I>10</I>
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<DL COMPACT><DT id="22"><DD>
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can't update group file
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</DL>
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<A NAME="lbAJ"> </A>
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<H2>СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ</H2>
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<P>
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+chfn">chfn</A></B>(1),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+chsh">chsh</A></B>(1),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?1+passwd">passwd</A></B>(1),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+gpasswd">gpasswd</A></B>(8),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+groupdel">groupdel</A></B>(8),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+groupmod">groupmod</A></B>(8),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?5+login.defs">login.defs</A></B>(5),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+useradd">useradd</A></B>(8),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+userdel">userdel</A></B>(8),
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<B><A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html?8+usermod">usermod</A></B>(8).
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<P>
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<HR>
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<A NAME="index"> </A><H2>Index</H2>
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<DL>
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<DT id="23"><A HREF="#lbAB">НАЗВАНИЕ</A><DD>
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<DT id="24"><A HREF="#lbAC">СИНТАКСИС</A><DD>
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<DT id="25"><A HREF="#lbAD">ОПИСАНИЕ</A><DD>
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<DT id="26"><A HREF="#lbAE">ПАРАМЕТРЫ</A><DD>
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<DT id="27"><A HREF="#lbAF">НАСТРОЙКА</A><DD>
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<DT id="28"><A HREF="#lbAG">ФАЙЛЫ</A><DD>
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<DT id="29"><A HREF="#lbAH">ПРЕДОСТЕРЕЖЕНИЯ</A><DD>
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<DT id="30"><A HREF="#lbAI">ВОЗВРАЩАЕМЫЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЯ</A><DD>
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<DT id="31"><A HREF="#lbAJ">СМОТРИТЕ ТАКЖЕ</A><DD>
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</DL>
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<HR>
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This document was created by
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<A HREF="/cgi-bin/man/man2html">man2html</A>,
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using the manual pages.<BR>
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Time: 00:06:23 GMT, March 31, 2021
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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